ANATOMY OF THE PORTAL AND HEPATIC VEINS OF THE DOG: A BASIS FOR SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION OF THE LIVER BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Carol H.  Carlisle MVSc  DVR  FACVSc  Jian-Xin  WU MVSc  PhD  Trevor J.  HEATH BVSc  MA  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(3):227-233

The objective of this study was to define, in detail, the anatomy of the portal and hepatic veins in the dog in order to establish a procedure for the systematic evaluation of the liver by ultrasonography. Anatomical details were obtained from the formalin fixed livers of ten dogs. The hepatic and portal veins were removed intact from these livers so that a detailed pattern of distribution could be established and the numbers of branches could be counted. Silastic casts were also made of the hepatic and portal veins of two livers, one in situ and one in which it had been removed. The former was to enable the relationship of the portal to the hepatic veins to be established as closely as possible within the animal and the other to provide a model of the distribution of each venous system within the liver. Contrast medium was infused into two other livers and radiographs taken to establish the relationship of each branch to each lobe. It was found that there was a consistent pattern of venous branching to each lobe of the liver in the dog with little variation between individual specimens. All liver lobes contained definite venous branches so that the left lateral and medial, quadrate, right medial and lateral, caudate and papillary veins could be distinguished in each venous system. We believe that an appreciation of this venous distribution will aid in the systematic evaluation of the liver during ultrasonography by enabling identification of each liver lobe. It should be of value for differentiating portal from hepatic veins and veins from dilated bile ducts.  相似文献   

Prognostic Factors in Dogs with Lymphoma and Associated Hypercalcemia     

Mona P. Rosenberg DVM    Robert E. Matus DVM  MS  Amiya K. Patnaik BVSc  MVSc 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1991,5(5):268-271

Lymphoma and hypercalcemia were diagnosed in 37 dogs. Twenty-six of the dogs received chemotherapy. The association between some prognostic factors including clinical stage of disease, illness status, presence of bone marrow involvement, and presence of an anterior mediastinal mass and remission duration and survival time was evaluated. Statistical analysis of the prognostic factors showed that the presence of an anterior mediastinal mass had an adverse effect on remission duration (P less than 0.03). Calcium concentration was not significantly related to any of the prognostic factors evaluated. Dogs that received chemotherapy were more likely to be self-supporting than the dogs that were not treated (P less than 0.005). However, initial illness status was not significantly related to remission duration or survival time in the 26 dogs that were treated. Six dogs (25% of dogs treated) survived longer than 14 months. Five of these dogs were female. Overall mean and median remission times were 10.4 and 6 months, respectively.  相似文献   

Cytosine Arabinoside as a Single Agent for the Induction of Remission in Canine Lymphoma     

David Ruslander  Antony S. Moore BVSc  MVSc    John M. Gliatto  Deborah L'Heureux  Susan M. Cotter 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1994,8(4):299-301

Cytosine arabinoside (AraC) was administered as a continuous IV infusion to 15 dogs with malignant lymphoma at a dose of 300 mg/m²/d for 2 consecutive days. Dogs were re-examined 7 d after treatment for response to therapy and for hematologic toxicity. Regardless of response, all dogs were started on combination chemotherapy at this time. Other toxicities were reported by owners. No dog responded objectively to Ara-C treatment, although 1 dog with circulating lymphoblasts had partial regression of lymphadenopathy but persistent blastemia. Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 200,000/μL) 7 days posttreatment was the most commonly encountered hematologic toxicity, occurring in 10 of 14 dogs. Three of these 10 dogs were also mildly neutropenic (neutrophil counts of 2000 to 3000 cell/μL). Nonhematologic toxicity occurred in 8 of 15 dogs and was principally gastrointestinal in nature and mild in severity. Cytosine arabinoside at a dose of 300 mg/m²/day was not considered an active drug for the induction of remission in dogs with lymphoma.  相似文献   

Indirect measurement of blood pressure as a guide to the efficacy of fluid therapy in equine shock: A case report     

B.W. Parry BVSc  PhD  B.A. Christie BVSc  MACVSc  C.C. Gay DVM  MVSc  FACVSc  R.N. Haywood BVSc   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1983,3(1):24-27

A case of acute circulatory failure in a horse is described. The response to intravenous fluid therapy was monitored by measurement of heart and respiratory rates, and arterial and central venous pressures. Heart rate was an unreliable guide to improved circulatory status. Central venous pressure and indirect arterial blood pressure were valuable guides to the efficacy of fluid therapy.  相似文献   

The Mesh Expansion Method of Suturing Wounds on the Legs of Horses     

J. V. BAILEY BVSc  MVSc  K. A. JACOBS BVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1983,12(2):78-82

Wound closure utilizing tension-relieving incisions located in the skin adjacent to the wound of horses was evaluated in three experiments. Healing of lower limb wounds was compared in four treatment groups; wounds sutured under tension, wounds sutured with 7 mm and 10 mm tension relieving incisions, and unsutured controls. The wounds sutured using 10 mm tension relieving incisions healed significantly faster than the other three groups (p > 0.05). The mesh expansion technique was further evaluated in four-week-old granulating wounds. The technique was found to be unsuccessful because the tension relieving incisions that were used were too small and postoperative support was inadequate. The technique was evaluated in two clinical patients, both of which had large metatarsal lacerations. Tension relieving incisions of approximately 15 mm were made and full leg walking bar casts were applied. Both wounds had healed almost completely on removal of the casts four weeks postoperatively.  相似文献   

Accessory Carpal Bone Fractures in the Racing Greyhound: Classification and Pathology     

KENNETH A. JOHNSON MVSc  PhD  FACVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1987,16(1):60-64

Fractures of the accessory carpal bone in 35 racing Greyhounds were classified into five types. Type I fractures (27 fractures) involved the distal articular surface of the accessory carpal bone, type II (6 fractures) were of the proximal articular margin, type III (1 fracture) were at the origin of the accessorometacarpal ligaments, type IV (6 fractures) were avulsion fractures at the tendon of insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, and type V (3 fractures) were comminuted fractures.  相似文献   

Probable Essential Thrombocythemia in a Dog     

Patrick E. Hopper DVM    Carol P. Mandell DVM  MS    Jane M. Turrel DVM  MS    Nemi C. Jain MVSc  PhD    Fern Tablin VMD  PhD  Joseph G. Zinkl DVM  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1989,3(2):79-85

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) in an 11-year-old dog was characterized by persistently high platelet counts (range, 4.19 X 10(6)/microliters to 4.95 X 10(6)/microliters, abnormal platelet morphology, marked megakaryocytic hyperplasia in the bone marrow, absence of circulating megakaryoblasts, and history of splenomegaly and gastrointestinal bleeding. Increased numbers of megakaryocytes and megakaryoblasts (15% to 20%) in the bone marrow were confirmed by a positive acetylcholinesterase reaction. Another significant finding was the presence of a basophilia in blood (4,836/microliters) and bone marrow. The marked persistent thrombocytosis, absence of reactive (secondary) thrombocytosis, abnormal platelet morphology, and quantitative and qualitative changes in the megakaryocytic series in the bone marrow suggested the presence of a myeloproliferative disease. Cytochemical and ultrastructural findings aided in the diagnosis of ET. The dog was treated with radiophosphorus. The results was a rapid decline in the numbers of megakaryoblasts and megakaryocytes in the bone marrow and platelets and basophils in the peripheral blood. The dog died unexpectedly of acute necrotizing pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus before a complete remission was achieved.  相似文献   

The Effect of Occlusive and Semi-Occlusive Dressings on the Healing of Acute Full-Thickness Skin Wounds on the Forelimbs of Dogs     

PAUL W. MORGAN DVM  DVSc    ALLEN G. BINNINGTON DVM  MSc  Diplomate ACVS    CRAIG W. MILLER DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    DALE A. SMITH DVM  DVSc    ANNE VALLIANT BSc  JOHN F. PRESCOTT MA  Vet MB  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(6):494-502

This project compared the effects of hydrocolloid (HC) and hydrogel (HG) occlusive dressings and a polyethylene (PE) semi-occlusive dressing on the healing of acute full-thickness skin wounds on the forelimbs of 10 dogs. All treatments resulted in a similar degree of healing at postoperative days 4 and 7. No significant differences existed in the number of wounds that were more than 90% healed at postoperative day 28 between the group treated with the HG dressing and the group treated with the PE dressing. There were significantly fewer wounds more than 90% healed at postoperative day 28 in the group treated with the HC dressing. Wounds under the HG dressing had the largest mean percentage of contraction at postoperative days 21 and 28. Wounds under the HG dressing also had the largest contraction/re-epithelialization ratio (postoperative days 21 and 28) compared with wounds under the PE and HC dressings. Wounds under the PE dressing had a significantly higher mean percentage of re-epithelialization than wounds under both occlusive dressings on postoperative days 14, 21, and 28. Wounds under the two occlusive dressings had exuberant granulation tissue present more often than wounds under the PE dressing. The two occlusive dressings had significantly higher bacterial counts on wounds compared with wounds under the PE dressing; analysis of variance (ANOVA), P = .0008. Wounds under the HC dressing showed the poorest healing in all parameters.  相似文献   

SEPTIC COXOFEMORAL ARTHRITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS IN A DOG     

Lyndell  Levitt  BS  DVM  J. David  Fowler  BS  DVM  MVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1988,29(3):129-132

An 8-year-old male Labrador retriever presented with a rear limb lameness cased by an osteolytic lesion of the left acetabulum and femoral head and neck. Initial bone biopsy study was nondiagnostic. Histopathologic study and culture of the subsequently excised femoral head and neck revealed a Staphyloccocus intermedial arthritis and osteomyelitis. Neoplash was ruled out on the basis of histopathologic analysis.  相似文献   

ANGIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF BOVINE INTESTINAL HEALING FOLLOWING INVERTING, EVERTING, AND END-ON ANASTOMOSIS     

A. P. Singh  MVSc  PhD  G. R. Singh  MVSc  A. K. Bhargava  MS  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(1):35-40

Angiography during intestinal healing following single-layer inverting, everting, and end-on anastomoses was carried out in 18 calves. Six anastomoses using the same technique were performed in each animal. Six anastomoses, along with one main artery supplying the anastomotic site, were removed from each calf on the first, third, seventh, 15th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. Angiograms of tubular intestinal segments were obtained after intraarterial infusion of 2–3 ml of sodium iothalamate and lead suspension. Lead-infused intestinal segments were cut open through the mesenteric border to obtain additional angiograms of flat bowel. Angiograms in the early stage of intestinal healing revealed hypervascularity at the cut edges and an avascular zone at the suture line. These changes were more intense with the everting than with the inverting and end-on techniques. The sprouting of vessels at the anastomotic junction and their crossing over started on third postoperative day but were clearly visualized only after the seventh postoperative day. By 15–21 days after operation, anastomotic sites were almost completely revascularized for all techniques. Everted anastomosis elicited more intense vascular response and resulted in earlier vascularization than the other two techniques. No appreciable differences in the pattern of revascularization were observed with inverting and end-on anastomoses. Lead suspension proved to be better than sodium iothalamate for such studies. Angiograms of the open bowel provided more realistic and confirmatory information regarding the sequence of vascular-changes at the suture line.  相似文献