Femoral Head Osteotomy in Horses and Cattle     

K. R. E. SQUIRE MVSc  MSC  PhD    J. F. FESSLER DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    J. P. TOOMBS DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    D. C. VAN SICKLE DVM  PhD  W. E. BLEVINS DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1991,20(6):453-458

Femoral head ostectomy was performed in six horses, three ponies, and four cattle for treatment of fractures of the femoral capital physis, coxofemoral luxation, fractured acetabulum, or severe degenerative joint disease. The procedures were performed via a cranial approach that did not involve osteotomy of the greater trochanter. A dorsal approach for femoral head ostectomy via osteotomy of the greater trochanter was evaluated in three healthy adult ponies. Three animals (2 ponies, 1 calf) were euthanatized within a month and one horse was euthanatized at year 2 due to postoperative complications. Nine animals were discharged to owners and six of them fulfilled their intended functions of breeding, milking, and being kept as companions. One horse was lost to follow-up and two horses died of causes unrelated to the surgery. All surviving animals had a residual lameness that was described by owners as mild to moderate. None of the horses were used as riding animals. The mean age and weight of 10 animals that regained weight-bearing locomotion was 3.1 months and 84 kg; for three unsuccessful cases it was 34 months and 174 kg. We concluded that femoral head ostectomy was a viable salvage procedure for large animals with capital femoral physeal fracture, chronic coxofemoral luxation, or acetabular fracture. Surgical prognosis appeared to be favorable in young cattle and fair in young horses or ponies weighing less than 100 kg. Osteotomy of the greater trochanter resulted in superior exposure of the intact coxofemoral joint and allowed easier, less traumatic surgical luxation of the joint to facilitate femoral head ostectomy.  相似文献   

Renal Allograft Survival in Outbred Mongrel Dogs Using Rabbit Anti-Dog Thymocyte Serum in Combination With Immunosuppressive Drug Therapy With or Without Donor Bone Marrow   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K.A. MATHEWS DVM  DVSc  Diplomate ACVECC    D.L. HOLMBERG DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    K. JOHNSTON DVM  MVSc    C.M. MILLER DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    A.G. BINNINGTON DVM  MSc  Diplomate ACVS    G. MAXIE DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVP    M. ATILOLA dvm  PhD  G. SMITH MSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(5):347-357

Therapeutic renal transplantation in dogs is currently being investigated as a treatment for end-stage renal disease. This pilot study examines the effect of donor bone marrow (DBM) infusion and antithymocyte serum (ATS) in combination with immunosuppressive drug therapy in prolonging renal allograft survival in dogs. Seven normal outbred mongrel dogs received an unmatched renal allograft. All dogs received rabbit anti-dog thymocyte serum (RADTS), prednisone (Pr), cyclosporine-A (CsA) and azathioprine (Aza). In addition, three dogs (group 1 test) received DBM and four dogs (group 2 control) did not receive DBM. Serum CsA levels were measured throughout the study. Immunosuppressive therapy was gradually reduced with Pr, CsA, and Aza withdrawn at 200,450, and 680 days, respectively. Allograft rejection was treated with prednisolone sodium succinate. One dog in group 1 and one in group 2 died as a result of infectious canine rhinotracheitis and rejection early in the study. Renal allograft torsion occurred in one group 1 dog. The remaining four dogs survived the 2 years of the study. The dogs in group 2 (three dogs) all rejected the renal allograft after total drug withdrawal, the surviving dog in group 1 did not. This study demonstrates that RADTS, Pr, CsA, and Aza in combination can prolong renal allograft survival in mongrel dogs, whereas DBM may enhance the unresponsive state.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Incisional Complications After Closure of Equine Celiotomies With USP 7 Polydioxanone          下载免费PDF全文

Stacy L. Anderson DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Ian Devick DVM  Jose L. Bracamonte DVM  DVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Steve Hendrick DVM  DVSc  Spencer M. Barber DVM  Diplomate ACVS  David G. Wilson DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(4):521-526

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The use of the nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug cis-atracurium in dogs     

Wendy A Adams BSc  BVSc  PhD  Cert VA  MRCVS    Kerry J Robinson BVSc  Cert VA  MRCVS    J Mark Senior BVSc  Cert VA  MRCVS    Ronald S Jones OBE  MVSc  DrMedVet  DVSC  DVA  FIBiol  Dip ACVA  Dip ECVA  FRSA  FRCVS 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2001,28(3):156-160

Objective This clinical trial attempted to evaluate the potency, onset and duration of action of cis‐atracurium in dogs. Animals Twenty dogs aged between 1 and 15 years and weighing between 15 and 85 kg admitted for a variety of elective, surgical procedures under general anaesthesia. Materials and methods Following induction of general anaesthesia, the effects of an intravenous loading dose of cis‐atracurium (0.1 mg kg^?1) were evaluated by counting visual responses to train of four (TOF) nerve stimulation. Incremental doses of 0.02 or 0.04 mg kg^?1 cis‐atracurium were administered when the first of four responses to TOF stimulation was present. Results An initial dose of 0.1 mg kg^?1 eliminated all four TOF responses in 18 out of 20 dogs. The same dose, repeated 10 minutes later in two animals in which blockade was incomplete, abolished all responses. In dogs receiving 0.1 mg kg^?1 cis‐atracurium neuromuscular blockade lasted 27.2 ± 9.3 minutes. Up to six incremental doses were given in individual animals; incremental doses appeared to be noncumulative. No untoward side‐effects were observed with the use of this drug. There was considerable variation between individuals in response to cis‐atracurium. Conclusions Cis‐atracurium is an effective neuromuscular blocking agent in the dog, although its potency varies. Clinical Relevance Further studies are required to determine whether observed differences in potency are related to age, breed or sex. Cis‐atracurium may prove useful in dogs with impaired renal and or hepatic function.  相似文献   

Nephrectomy Via Ventral Median Celiotomy in Equids     

Carolyn E. Arnold DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Tex Taylor DVM  Diplomate ACVS  M. Keith Chaffin DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM  Harold C. Schott II DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVIM  John P. Caron DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(3):275-279

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Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of avian demineralized bone matrix in heterotopic beds     

M. Reza Sanaei DVM  MVSc  Jalila Abu DVM  MS  PhD  Mojgan Nazari DVM  MVSc  Mohd Zuki A.B. DVM  PhD  Zeenathul N. Allaudin DVM  MS  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(8):963-970

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Ex Vivo Comparison of Bursting Strength of Ventral Median and Right Ventral Paramedian Celiotomies in Horses     

Stacy L. Anderson DVM  MVSc  José L. Bracamonte DVM  DVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Steve Hendrick DVM  DVSc  David G. Wilson DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(4):468-472

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Acellular Dermal Matrix for Surgical Repair of Ventral Hernia in Horses     

Vineet Kumar  Anil K. GangwarDayamon D. Mathew  MVSc  Raja A. AhamadAbhishek C. Saxena  MVSc  Naveen Kumar  MVSc  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

The aim of the present study was to evaluate acellular dermal matrix (ADM) of rat origin for the repair of ventral hernia in horses. The skin from rats, to be used as a graft, was de-epithelialized using hypertonic solution and further decellularized with 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.25% tri-(n-butyl)-phosphate. Under general anesthesia, the hernial ring was exposed and repaired with the ADM graft using inlay graft technique. Blood samples were collected at postimplantation days 0, 15, and 30 and were used for sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis to assess the serum protein concentration of the animals, as well as for gelatin zymography for the identification of matrix metalloproteinases. All animals had an uneventful recovery without clinical signs of wound dehiscence, infection, or recurrence of hernias during 6-month follow-up period. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of concentration of the serum proteins revealed that this was increased at day 15 and had decreased again at day 30. Gelatin zymography showed only one major band of 92 kDa in the serum of all the horses with the implant, but the relative amount of 92 kDa was higher at day 15 as compared with day 0 and day 30. It may be concluded that ADM of rat origin can be used safely in horses for repair of ventral hernia.  相似文献   

Effect of Ischemia and Reperfusion on Neutrophil Accumulation in Equine Microvascular Tissue Flaps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. Michael Scott  DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    J. David Fowler  DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    Gilbert Matte  PhD    rew L. Allen  DVM  MVSc  PhD    A. A. Wilkinson  MA  MB  BChir  MSc  FRCPC    Jeremy V. Bailey  BVSc  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS  Peter B. Fretz  VMD  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1999,28(3):180-187

Objective— To investigate neutrophil accumulation after ischemia and reperfusion (IR) in microvascular tissue flaps in horses.
Study Design— Randomized controlled experiment.
Sample Population— A total of 8 horses between 1 and 10 years of age, 4 of each sex.
Methods— Control and experimental myocutaneous island flaps based on the superficial branch of the deep circumflex iliac vessels were dissected on each horse. Atraumatic vascular clamps were applied to the pedicle of the experimental flap for 90 minutes and then removed to allow reperfusion. Based on the assumption that rapid infiltration of neutrophils into affected tissues is a hallmark of IR injury, radiolabeled autogenous leukocytes were used to indirectly quantify neutrophil accumulation in flap tissues. Labeled leukocytes were administered through a jugular catheter 30 minutes before flap reperfusion. Biopsies were collected from each flap over a 6 hour postischemia time period; in group 1 (  n = 4  ) from 0 to 6 hours postischemia, and in group 2 (  n = 4  ) from 24 to 30 hours postischemia. Biopsies were examined scintigraphically and histologically for evidence of neutrophil infiltration.
Results— All control flaps survived and 6 of 8 experimental flaps survived. There was no significant evidence of acute neutrophil infiltration into flap tissues after reperfusion in either group.
Conclusions— The results of this study suggest that equine myocutaneous flap tissues can survive a 90-minute ischemic period and reperfusion. No significant evidence of the occurrence of IR injury in flap tissues was found.
Clinical Relevance— The reasons for the previously reported failures of equine free tissue transfer remain uncertain, but they do not appear to be caused by neutrophil mediated injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion.  相似文献   

The Anatomic Basis of a Free Vascularized Bone Graft Based on the Canine Distal Ulna     

DAVID SZENTIMREY DVM  MVSc  DAVID FOWLER DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(6):529-533

The anatomy of the canine distal ulna was evaluated to determine its potential as a free vascularized bone graft. Twelve cadavers were studied by gross dissection and nonselective and selective angiography. The caudal interosseous artery consistently served as a source artery to the distal ulnar periosteal vasculature in all dogs. The diameters of the caudal interosseous artery and venae comitantes were large enough to permit microvascular anastomoses. Nonselective perfusions of the brachial artery demonstrated large barium-filled vessels within soft tissues surrounding the ulna with anastomotic connections between medullary and periosteal vasculature. Grafts selectively perfused through the caudal interosseous artery (periosteal circulation only) had barium-filled vessels within the muscular cuff, periosteum, cortical bone, and medullary canal of the ulna. A surgical approach to remove the distal ulna along with an intact musculoperiosteal cuff and its associated vasculature is described.  相似文献