Haematologic toxicity in dogs with mast cell tumours treated with vinblastine/prednisolone chemotherapy with/without radiotherapy     

K. Stiborova  E. Treggiari  I. Amores‐Fuster  I. del Busto  D. Killick  T. Maddox  M. Marrington  S. L. Mason  L. Blackwood 《The Journal of small animal practice》2019,60(9):534-542

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Three‐dimensional T1‐weighted gradient echo is a suitable alternative to two‐dimensional T1‐weighted spin echo for imaging the canine brain     

Kathryn L. Fleming  Thomas W. Maddox  Christopher M. R. Warren‐Smith 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(5):543-551

Volumetric imaging (VOL), a three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, has been described in the literature for evaluation of the human brain. It offers several advantages over conventional two‐dimensional (2D) spin echo (SE), allowing rapid, whole‐brain, isotropic imaging with submillimeter voxels. This retrospective, observational study compares the use of 2D T1‐weighted SE (T1W SE), with T1W VOL, for the evaluation of dogs with clinical signs of intracranial disease. Brain MRI images from 160 dogs who had T1W SE and T1W VOL sequences acquired pre‐ and postcontrast, were reviewed for presence and characteristics of intracranial lesions. Twenty‐nine of 160 patients were found to have intracranial lesions, all visible on both sequences. Significantly better grey‐white matter (GWM) differentiation was identified with T1W VOL (P < .001), with fair agreement between the two sequences (weighted κ = 0.35). Excluding a mild reduction in lesion intensity in three dogs precontrast on the T1W VOL images compared to T1W SE, and meningeal enhancement noted on the T1W VOL images in one dog, not identified on T1W SE, there was otherwise complete agreement between the two sequences. The T1W VOL sequence provided equivalent lesion evaluation and significantly improved GWM differentiation. Images acquired were of comparable diagnostic quality to those produced using a conventional T1W SE technique, for assessment of lesion appearance, number, location, mass effect, and postcontrast enhancement. T1W VOL, therefore, provides a suitable alternative T1W sequence for canine brain evaluation and can facilitate a reduction in total image acquisition time.  相似文献   

Sequential bacterial sampling of the midline incision in horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy     

C. M. Isgren  S. E. Salem  N. B. Townsend  D. Timofte  T. W. Maddox  D. C. Archer 《Equine veterinary journal》2019,51(1):38-44

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CT findings in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five dogs          下载免费PDF全文

F. Schiborra  C. J. Scudder  R. M. Littler  C. R. Lamb  J. F. McConnell  T. W. Maddox 《The Journal of small animal practice》2018,59(8):508-513

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a rare disease in dogs. It is primarily reported in cavalier King Charles spaniels and miniature dachshunds with suspected underlying immunodeficiency. This case series reports the findings in five dogs (four cavalier King Charles spaniels and one Bedlington terrier) with confirmed P. carinii pneumonia. Thoracic (CT) revealed ground glass opacity of the pulmonary parenchyma with a diffuse or multifocal distribution. The severity of this pattern was variable. Less consistent imaging findings included parenchymal bands, bronchial dilation and signs consistent with pulmonary hypertension. Four dogs recovered well with treatment and there was resolution of CT abnormalities in all dogs with follow‐up.  相似文献   

Cross-sectional study of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in horses. Part 1: Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus     

Maddox TW  Clegg PD  Diggle PJ  Wedley AL  Dawson S  Pinchbeck GL  Williams NJ 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(3):289-296

Reasons for performing study: The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli represents a significant problem. However, the carriage of such bacteria by horses in the UK has not been well characterised. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA and faecal carriage of antimicrobial‐resistant E. coli amongst horses in the general equine community of the mainland UK. Methods: A cross‐sectional study of horses recruited by 65 randomly selected equine veterinary practices was conducted, with nasal swabs and faecal samples collected. Faecal samples were cultured for antimicrobial‐resistant E. coli. Nasal swabs were cultured for staphylococcal species; methicillin‐resistant isolates identified as S. aureus were characterised by SCCmec and spa gene typing. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to calculate prevalence estimates with adjustment for clustering at practice and premises levels. Spatial variation in risk of antimicrobial resistance was also examined. Results: In total, 650 faecal samples and 678 nasal swabs were collected from 692 horses located on 525 premises. The prevalence of faecal carriage of E. coli with resistance to any antimicrobial was 69.5% (95% CI 65.9–73.1%) and the prevalence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing E. coli was 6.3% (95% CI 4.1–9.6%). The prevalence of nasal carriage of MRSA was 0.6% (95% CI 0.2–1.5%). Spatial analysis indicated variation across the UK for risk of carriage of resistant and multidrug‐resistant (resistant to more than 3 antimicrobial classes) E. coli. Conclusions and potential relevance: Carriage of MRSA by horses in the community appears rare, but the prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant E. coli (including ESBL‐producing E. coli) is higher. A high prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria could have significant health implications for the horse population of the UK.  相似文献   

Endoscopic Recovery of Early Preimplantation Bovine Embryos: Effect of Hormonal Stimulation,Embryo Kinetics and Repeated Collection     

U Besenfelder  V Havlicek  G Moesslacher  M Gilles  D Tesfaye  J Griese  M Hoelker  P Maddox Hyttel  J Laurincik  G Brem  K Schellander 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(5):566-572

The collection of extra numbers of bovine embryos by superstimulation of donors underlies variation concerning yield of morulae and blastocysts. Our study aimed at establishing a correlation between hormonal treatment and embryo development during oviductal passage including repeated flushing. A transvaginal endoscopic procedure was used to flush the oviducts at six different time intervals (beginning at 24 h until 105 h) after artificial insemination. In total, 119 animals were superovulated using either FSH or eCG. The hormonal treatment resulted in the stimulation of 2076 follicles of which 77% (1590 CL) ovulated. The bilateral flushing resulted in the collection of 1411 complexes (collection rate: 89%), of which 78% (1098) were assessed as viable embryos. The use of FSH resulted in significantly more stimulated follicles and ovulation sites compared with eCG (p < 0.001). Generally, the embryo kinetics were similar among the FSH and eCG treated animals. However, the embryo cleavage of the eCG treated animals was ahead of that of the FSH group comparing the different collection time points. The overall proportions of non‐viable embryos in both groups were similar. Regarding the embryo collection intervals in the eCG group, this proportion significantly increased during 51–105 h compared to 24–50 h (p < 0.05), whereas FSH delivered constant results. It was shown that the repeated endoscopic collection of oviductal stage embryos had no negative influence on the collection parameters. It is concluded that the introduced transvaginal endoscopic technique could have main impact on further studies focusing on early embryo development.  相似文献   

Mineralisation of the longitudinal odontoid ligament in three horses identified on computed tomographic examination     

A. L. Lawson  H. B. Carslake  J. Kane-Smyth  T. W. Maddox  A. M. Talbot 《Equine Veterinary Education》2021,33(3):e44-e52

Three horses that were presented for computed tomography (CT) examination of the head and cranial cervical spine in which marked mineralisation of the longitudinal odontoid ligament of the dens was identified on CT examination are described. There are currently no reports of mineralisation of the longitudinal odontoid ligament in horses in the literature. Although the significance of this finding to the presenting clinical problems in the cases described remains speculative, an association between mineralisation of the longitudinal odontoid ligament and compatible clinical signs merits further investigation. The purpose of this case report is to describe three cases with mineralisation of the longitudinal odontoid ligament as identified on CT examination.  相似文献   

Preliminary investigation of serum cardiac troponin I in dogs with acute ischaemic stroke     

R. Gonçalves  D. Sanchez-Masian  T. W. Maddox  J. Dukes-McEwan 《The Journal of small animal practice》2020,61(2):93-100

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Lymphocyte antigens of sheep: identification and characterization using a panel of monoclonal antibodies     

C R Mackay  J F Maddox  M R Brandon 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1987,17(1-4):91-102

A panel of monoclonal antibodies has been developed and used to identify and characterize the lymphocyte antigens of sheep. These studies have shown that sheep lymphocyte antigens display similar, if not identical, tissue distributions to their analogues in other species. Some of the major sheep antigens, including CD5, CD4, CD8, SBU-T19, Pgp-1, LCA and the MHC antigens, are described in detail.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses: Epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance          下载免费PDF全文

T. W. Maddox  P. D. Clegg  N. J. Williams  G. L. Pinchbeck 《Equine veterinary journal》2015,47(6):756-765

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections. While the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from man has been studied extensively, less work has been undertaken in companion animals, particularly horses. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been identified as a cause of infections, with a low prevalence of nasal carriage by horses in the community but higher for hospitalised horses. Molecular characterisation has shown methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains either to be predominantly of types associated with horses or of sequence type ST398. Antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli (including multidrug‐resistant and extended spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing isolates) have caused infections and been documented in faecal carriage by horses, with many significant resistance mechanisms identified. More sporadic reports and molecular characterisation exist for resistance in other bacteria such as enterococci, Salmonella, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas species. Limited work has been undertaken evaluating risk factors and much of the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from horses remains to be determined.  相似文献