Does resource‐mediated stress affect colony personality in leaf‐cutting ants?     

Lailla C Gandra  Karina D Amaral  Joel C Couceiro  Raul NC Guedes  Terezinha MC Della Lucia 《Pest management science》2021,77(1):96-103

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Concurrent gastro-oesophageal intussusception,trichobezoar and hiatal hernia in a cat     

MC Owen  PJ Morris  RS Bateman 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):371-374

CASE HISTORY: An adult male Birman cat was evaluated for recurrent, intermittent vomiting or regurgitation, occasionally associated with abdominal discomfort.

CLINICAL FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSIS: Radiographs, including an oesophogram, indicated an oesophageal obstruction. Prior to treatment, the cat's condition deteriorated and it was euthanised at the owner's request. Post-mortem examination revealed a gastro-oesophageal intussusception, a trichobezoar impacted into the intussusceptum, and a dilated oesophageal hiatus consistent with a chronic hiatal hernia.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gastro-oesophageal intussusception is a rare condition in cats. Its aetiology in relation to a pre-existing hiatal hernia and a trichobezoar is discussed.  相似文献   

An Immunohistochemical Study of the Oviduct in the Domestic Fowl (Gallus domesticus)     

M.‐C. Madekurozwa 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2013,42(1):48-56

This study describes the distribution of vimentin, desmin, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and laminin in the oviduct of the laying domestic fowl. Vimentin immunostaining was localised in the luminal epithelium of the infundibulum, magnum, magnum–isthmus junction and isthmus. The luminal epithelium of the shell gland regions displayed weak vimentin immunostaining. Vimentin immunostaining was demonstrated in the glandular grooves of the tubular infundibular region. In contrast, gland cells in the magnum, isthmus and shell gland regions were vimentin immunonegative. Fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in the lamina propria of the oviductal regions studied exhibited vimentin immunostaining. Strong desmin and SMA immunostaining were present in the smooth muscle cells of the tunica muscularis and vascular tunica media. In this study, basement membranes underlying the luminal and glandular epithelia were immunopositive for laminin. In addition, basement membranes associated with smooth muscle cells exhibited laminin immunostaining. The results of the study indicate that the immunolocalisation of desmin, SMA and laminin in the oviduct of the domestic fowl is similar to that in the mammalian uterus. The immunolocalisation of vimentin in the domestic fowl varies depending on the oviductal region.  相似文献   

Mid‐gestation pregnancy is not disrupted by a 5‐day gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant oral regimen of misoprostol     

C. C. JACOBSON  P. L. SERTICH  S. M. MC DONNELL 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(1):91-93

Reasons for performing study: To investigate effects of a 5‐day oral misoprostol regimen recommended for use in horses as a gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant during colic on mid‐gestation pregnancies. Objectives: To monitor cervical tone, ultrasonographic characteristics of the uterus, cervix and conceptus, as well as serum progesterone and oestrone sulphate concentrations, and observations of general health, behaviour and comfort of mid‐gestation mares given a 5‐day course of misoprostol or control treatment. Methods: Eleven light horse and pony mares with known breeding dates were administered 5 µg/kg bwt misoprostol orally, twice daily for 5 days. General health and pregnancy status were monitored daily during treatment via general physical examination, as well as palpation and ultrasonography per rectum of the uterus, cervix and conceptus. Jugular serum was obtained during and for 5 days following treatment for assay of progesterone and oestrone sulphate concentrations. Additionally, daily 12 h video samples of the mares were obtained to evaluate behaviour and comfort. Results: All findings, including cervical tone, ultrasonographic characteristics of the uterus, cervix and conceptus, as well as progesterone and oestrone sulphate concentrations, and observations of general health, behaviour and comfort, were similar during misoprostol and control treatment. Conclusions: Treatment of pregnant mares with a gastrointestinal mucosal cytoprotectant regimen of oral misoprostol for 5 days did not disrupt pregnancy, nor adversely affect the general health and comfort of these mares. Additional investigation of treatment at earlier and later stages of gestation, for longer‐term treatment, as well as evaluating neonates for developmental disturbances, would add further information on safety of misoprostol during gestation. Potential relevance: These results provide some assurance of safety of a 5‐day gastrointestinal mucosal cytopretectant regimen of oral misprostol in mid‐gestation pregnant mares.  相似文献   

Cross-sectional survey of pet ownership,veterinary service utilisation,and pet-related expenditures in New Zealand     

MC Gates  J Walker  S Zito  A Dale 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):306-314

ABSTRACT

Aims: To describe the demographics of and predictors for pet ownership, reasons for visiting a veterinarian, and pet-related expenditure in pet owners in New Zealand.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from 18–22 June 2015 using a permission-based panel of New Zealand residents aged ≥18 years. Questions included demographics of respondents, number of pets and reasons for owning or not owning pets, number of visits and reasons for visiting a veterinarian, and pet-related expenditure.

Results: Of the 1,572 respondents who completed the survey, 1,013 (64.4%) owned ≥1 pet. Of these, 443 owned dogs, 696 cats, 32 horses, 103 birds, 55 rabbits, and 159 owned fish. Companionship was the most common reason for getting dogs, cats, and birds; horses were mostly owned as a hobby, rabbits to provide fun for children, and fish as a source of relaxation. The majority of dog, cat, and rabbit owners considered their pets to be family members; horse owners almost equally considered their horses a hobby or a family member. The odds of pet ownership increased for respondents from a rural region, having a higher household income, having children and being female. Overall, 711/1,013 (70.2%) pet-owning respondents had taken ≥1 animal to the veterinarian in the previous year, with the most common reasons being for vaccination or annual check-ups or health issues. Respondents who considered their pets trusted companions, had a higher income, and owned dogs or cats compared with other species, were most likely to have taken their pet to a veterinarian. The greatest pet-related expenditure for all species was food. The median yearly veterinary expenditure was $200–499 by dog owners, $100–199 by cat owners, and <$100 by horse, bird, rabbit, and fish owners. The best source of information for pet-related issues was considered to be veterinarians by 724/1,001 (72.3%) owners, and the internet by 509/1,001 (50.8%) owners.

Conclusions: Among survey respondents, pet ownership was common and pets filled a variety of roles in the household. Pet owners reported spending considerable amounts of money on their pets each year, but some of them may be underutilising veterinary services despite veterinarians being considered as valuable sources of information about pet-related issues.  相似文献   

云南咖啡锈菌小种鉴定     

白学慧  V M P VáRZEA  郭铁英  M C SILVA  张洪波  李锦红 《热带作物学报》2018,39(9):1800-1806

为明确云南咖啡锈菌小种类型,采用国际通用的 19 个咖啡锈菌生理小种鉴定寄主,利用人工接种鉴定的方法,对采自云南咖啡主产区 12 县（市）的 51 份咖啡锈菌进行鉴定,鉴定出 9 个小种,分别为 VIII（v2,3,5）、XXXIII（v5,7 or v5,7,9）、XXXIV（v2,5,7 or v2,5,7,9）、XXXVII（v2,5,6,7,9）、XLI（v2,5,8）、XLII（v2,5,7,8 or v2,5,7,8,9）、New race（v2,5,6,7）、New race（v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9）、New race（v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9）,这 9 个小种均为国内首次鉴定,其中小种 XXXIII、XXXIV、New race（v2,5,6,7）、New race（v1,5,7 or v1,5,7,9）、New race（v1,2,5,7 or v1,2,5,7,9）、XLI 和 XLII 均侵染 Catimor7963,小种 XXXVII 侵染 CatimorT5175。  相似文献   

Seasonal Changes in the Immunolocalization of Cytoskeletal Proteins and Laminin in the Testis of the Black‐Backed Jackal (Canis mesomelas)          下载免费PDF全文

M.‐C. Madekurozwa  D. Booyse 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2017,46(1):85-93

Manipulation of the reproductive activity of jackals is dependent on a thorough understanding of the reproductive biology of this species. This study describes seasonal morphological changes in the adult testis of the black‐backed jackal in relation to the immunoexpression of the basement membrane marker, laminin and the cytoskeletal proteins, cytokeratin, smooth muscle actin and vimentin. Laminin was immunolocalized in basement membranes surrounding seminiferous tubules, as well as in basement membranes associated with Leydig, peritubular myoid and vascular smooth muscle cells. Scalloped basement membranes enclosed seminiferous tubules in regressing testes. The seminiferous epithelium and interstitial tissue in all animals studied were cytokeratin immunonegative. Smooth muscle actin was demonstrated in vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as in peritubular myoid cells encircling seminiferous tubules. Vimentin immunoreactivity was exhibited in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and fibrocytes. Vimentin immunostaining in Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells varied depending on the functional state of the testis. The results of the study have shown that dramatic seasonal histological changes occur in the testes of the jackal. In addition, the use of immunohistochemistry accentuates these morphological changes.  相似文献   

New virus diseases: visible evolution     

MC HORZINEK 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(12):433-436

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The reversal of xylazine/ketamine immobilisation of fallow deer with yohimbine     

MC STEWART  AW ENGLISH 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(9):315-317

Fallow deer were immobilised using a combination of xylazine and ketamine. Adult males (n = 10) and adult females (n = 10) received 4 mg/kg of each drug intramuscularly. Juveniles (n = 11) received 2 mg/kg of each drug, intravenously. Times to recumbency were as follows: adult males 4.9 +/- 2.9 min, adult females 4.1 +/- 1.9 min, juveniles 2.3 +/- 1.1 min. After 30 min each deer received 0.2 mg/kg of yohimbine, or an equal volume of sterile diluent intravenously. Yohimbine substantially reduced the recovery times of treated deer. Adults males were releasable 7.2 +/- 4.3 min after yohimbine administration, whereas control males were not releasable until 165 +/- 18 min. Treated adult females were releasable after 6.6 +/- 4.3 min, while control females were not releasable until 84 +/- 29 min. Juveniles were releasable 2.1 +/- 0.8 min after administration of yohimbine but control juveniles were not releasable until 62 +/- 16 min. Xylazine/ketamine administration produced statistically significant changes in packed cell volume, total plasma protein, albumin, sodium, glucose, creatine phosphokinase and inorganic phosphate values after 30 min. Yohimbine administration had no effect on these changes.  相似文献   

Practices and opinions of New Zealand beef cattle farmers towards bovine viral diarrhoea control in relation to real and perceived herd serological status     

MC Gates  CA Evans  J-H Han  C Heuer  JF Weston 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2020,68(2):92-100

ABSTRACT

Aims: To investigate the seroprevalence of infection with bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus among 75 beef herds and seroconversion in cattle during early pregnancy, and to determine the practices and opinions of farmers towards BVD control and their association with real and perceived herd serological status.

Methods: Blood samples were collected before mating in 75 beef herds across New Zealand from 15 unvaccinated heifers that had delivered their first calf that season. Serum samples were tested for BVD antibodies using ELISA individually, and after pooling samples for each farm. Animals that were antibody-negative were retested at either pregnancy diagnosis or weaning. Farmers were asked to complete a detailed survey about herd demographics, BVD testing and vaccination practices, and opinions towards national BVD control.

Results: Based on the pooled serum antibody ELISA results, there were 28/75 (37%) negative herds, 15/75 (20%) suspect herds, and 32/75 (43%) positive herds. Of 1,117 animals sampled 729 (65.3%) tested negative for BVD virus antibodies; when retested, 47/589 (8.0%) animals from 13/55 (24%) herds had seroconverted. Among 71 famers providing survey responses 11 (15%) believed their herd was infected with BVD, 24 (34%) were unsure and 36 (51%) did not think their herd was infected. Only 19/71 (18%) farmers had performed any BVD testing within the past 5 years and 50/70 (71%) had not vaccinated any cattle for BVD. Support for national BVD eradication programme was strong in 51/71 (56%) respondents, but the biggest challenge to BVD control was considered to be famer compliance. Compared to farmers who did not think their herd was infected, more farmers who thought BVD was present in their herds had previously tested for BVD, would consider testing all replacement calves, and would support establishing a national BVD database; fewer would consider purchasing BVD tested or vaccinated cattle only.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Only 15% of the beef farmers in this study believed their herds were infected with BVD virus and few of them had undertaken BVD screening. Nevertheless many were supportive of implementing a national BVD control programme. It is likely that the lack of farmer awareness around BVD and the failure of farmers to recognise the potential impacts in their herds are hindering progress in controlling the disease in New Zealand. There are opportunities for New Zealand veterinarians to be more proactive in helping beef farmers explore BVD management options.  相似文献