Growth,survival, and heavy metal (Cd and Ni) uptake of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata) in a biochar‐amended sewage‐irrigated contaminated soil          下载免费PDF全文

Uzma Younis  Muhammad Farooq Qayyum  M. Hasnain Raza Shah  Subhan Danish  Ahmad Naeem Shahzad  Saeed Ahmad Malik  Seema Mahmood 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2015,178(2):209-217

Irrigation of arable land with contaminated sewage waters leads to the accumulation of trace metals in soils with subsequent phyto‐/zootoxic consequences. In this study, biochar derived from cotton sticks was used to amend an agricultural silt‐loam soil that had been previously irrigated with trace metal contaminated sewage waters. Metal accumulation and toxicity to spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata) was investigated by measuring concentrations of Cd and Ni in plant tissues and various photosynthetic and biochemical activities of plants. Positive impacts of biochar on both spinach and fenugreek were observed in terms of biomass production that increased from 29% to 36% in case of spinach, while for fenugreek this increase was 32% to 36%. In the control treatment there was an increase in malondialdihyde, soluble sugar, and ascorbic acid contents, indicating heavy metal stress. Biochar applications increased soluble proteins and amino acids in plants and reduced the uptake of Cd from 5.42 mg kg^?1 at control to 3.45 mg kg^?1 at 5% biochar amended soil and Ni (13.8 mg kg^?1 to 7.3 mg kg^?1 at 5% biochar) by the spinach plants. In fenugreek, the Cd was reduced from 7.72 mg kg^?1 to 3.88 mg kg^?1 and reduction in Ni was from 15.45 mg kg^?1 to 9.46 mg kg^?1 at 5% biochar treated soil, reducing the possibility of transfer up the food chain. This study demonstrates that the use of biochar made from cotton‐sticks, as an amendment to arable soils that have received contaminated irrigation water, could improve plant growth and decrease Cd and Ni uptake to crops, alleviating some of the negative impacts of using sewage waters on arable land.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and biochemical effects of diacetyl monoxime in Bubalus bubalis     

A K Srivastava  J K Malik 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1986,34(3-4):231-238

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In Response to “Health Screening on Aconcagua”     

Matthew P. Lazio  Jon D. Van Roo  Sanjeev Malik  D. Mark Courtney  Carlos Pesce 《The Forestry Chronicle》2009,20(4):393-394

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Breeding for improving wool production     

R. C. Malik  R. N. Singh  R. M. Acharya 《Tropical animal health and production》1980,12(3):177-183

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Three cases of local tetanus     

R. Malik  D. B. Church  J. E. Maddison  B. R. Farrow 《The Journal of small animal practice》1989,30(8):469-473

Unyielding rigidity of one thoracic limb due to continuous involuntary muscle spasm was seen as the presenting complaint in two cats and a dog. A distal forelimb injury on the affected limb preceded the development of clinical signs in two animals. No abnormalities were detected in a detailed histological examination of the first case. The continuous localised muscular spasm subsided completely over a prolonged period in the remaining two cases. These findings strongly suggest a diagnosis of local tetanus. The diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition are discussed.  相似文献   

Multifocal idiopathic pyogranulomatous bone disease in a dog     

P. J. Canfield  R. Malik  P. E. Davis  P. Martin 《The Journal of small animal practice》1994,35(7):370-373

Disseminated, multifocal idiopathic pyogranulomatous bone disease in a five-year-old neutered female crossbred cattle dog is described. The dog was presented for neck pain and reluctance to exercise. Radiography demonstrated polyostotic bone disease, the predominant change consisting of a mottled pattern of osteosclerosis interspersed with punctate foci of osteolysis. Numerous bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton were affected including cervical vertebrae, ribs, scapulae and humeri. Biopsy revealed sterile pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis. This was confirmed at necropsy which showed that lesions were restricted to bone. Idiopathic granulomatous or pyogranulomatous conditions have been described in the dog in relation to skin but not bone. In people, idiopathic granulomatous bone disease is one of a group of conditions collectively called histiocytosis X, which are thought to be immunoregulatory disorders related to Tlymphocyte suppressor cell deficiency and Langerhans' cell proliferation.  相似文献   

Blood concentrations of 2,3-butanedione monoxime and some blood biochemical changes inbubalus bubalis after intramuscular administration of this cholinesterase reactivator     

J. K. Malik  A. K. Srivastava 《Veterinary research communications》1987,11(3):275-280

The blood levels of cholinesterase reactivator 2,3-butanedione monoxime were determined in buffalo calves following single intramuscular doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg body weight. Blood cholinesterases and other enzymatic activities were monitored at various times. The drug was rapidly absorbed with half-life of 0.09–0.12 h. The peak 2,3-butanedione monoxime blood concentrations of 24.7±0.3 and 38.9±1.7 ug/ml occurred at 10 min after 20 and 50 mg/kg doses, respectively. The elimination half-life varied between 3.05±0.12 and 3.80±0.19 h. Lack of adverse effect of 2,3-butanedione monoxime on blood cholinesterases and other enzymes indicated that intramuscular doses as high as 50 mg/kg may be safely employed in buffaloes.  相似文献   

The normal response to repetitive motor nerve stimulation in dogs     

R. Malik  S. Ho  D. B. Church 《The Journal of small animal practice》1989,30(1):20-26

The responses of certain muscles to stimulation at different frequencies has been studied in normal dogs. Repetitive stimulation at 10 and 20 Hz resulted in a smooth, progressive decremental response when the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) was recorded from the plantar, and to a lesser extent the palmar, interosseous muscles. In contrast, there was a slight incremental response when the CMAP was recorded from the cranial tibial muscle. Studies using a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent have suggested that the plantar interosseous muscles have a greater proportion of low efficacy synapses in comparison with the other muscles studied. The cranial tibial muscle may therefore be more suitable for assessing neuromuscular transmission than the distal limb muscles.  相似文献   

Feline immunodeficiency virus vaccine issues     

Beatty JA  Barrs VR  O'Brien CR  Foster SF  Foster DJ  Litster AL  Malik R 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(1-2):53-53

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Clinicopathological findings associated with feline infectious peritonitis in Sydney, Australia: 42 cases (1990-2002)     

Norris JM  Bosward KL  White JD  Baral RM  Catt MJ  Malik R 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(11):666-673

Objectives To review the clinicopathological findings in naturally-occurring, histopathologically confirmed cases of feline infectious peritonitis in client-owned cats in Sydney, Australia, with the purpose of identifying factors assisting in the diagnosis of this complex disease syndrome and to characterise the disease as it occurs in this region.
Design Retrospective clinical study: the clinical records of all cats with histopathologically confirmed feline infectious peritonitis at the University Veterinary Centre Sydney and a private cat hospital in Sydney between 1990 and 2002 were reviewed for signalment, history, physical findings, diagnostic test results and the distribution of histological lesions throughout the body at necropsy.
Results Forty-two cats met the inclusion criteria. Significant features of this study that unique to the contemporary literature are i) the over-representation of certain breeds (Burmese, Australian Mist, British Shorthaired, and Cornish Rex) and the under-representation of other breeds (Domestic Shorthaired, Persian); ii) the overrepresentation of males; iii) the tendency for effusive disease in Australian Mist cats and non-effusive disease in Burmese; iv) the even age distribution of disease seen in cats older than 2 years-of-age; and v) the presence of fulminant immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia in two cats in this study.
Conclusion The study highlights the diverse range of clinical manifestations and the complexities experienced by clinicians in diagnosing this fatal disease. Some aspects of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of feline infectious peritonitis appear different to the disease encountered in Europe and North America, most notably the over-representation of specific breeds and the presence of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia.  相似文献