A novel antagonistic effect to the toxicity in the rate of O,O,S-trimethyl phosphorothiate by its phosphorothionate isomer     

N Umetsu  R F Toia  N M Mallipudi  R B March  T R Fukuto 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1979,27(6):1423-1425

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The selective toxicity of new N-phosphorothioyl-carbamate esters   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

M A Fahmy  T R Fukuto  R O Myers  R B March 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1970,18(5):793-796

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Humoral immune responses following experimental infection of goats with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae.     

John B March  Jennifer C Harrison  Suzanne M Borich 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,84(1-2):29-45

Goats housed in microbiologically secure facilities were experimentally endobronchially infected with Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), causal agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). The animals were monitored over an 8-week period post-infection (p.i.). Elevated temperatures were observed 2-7 days p.i., reaching a maximum of 41.5 degrees C in one animal (1884). By 8 weeks p.i. the infection was successfully cleared, with no Mccp being recovered from the lungs, serum or nasal passages. Mccp was not isolated from serum throughout the experiment, either directly by culture or indirectly via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Humoral immune responses against Mccp capsular polysaccharide (CPS) were generally poor when measured by ELISA. CPS antigen was present in the serum of all infected animals early in the infection (day 14 p.i.), although in one animal (1855) CPS antigen persisted throughout. This was the only animal to exhibit a serious cough (day 5-19 p.i.). Successful diagnosis of CCPP was achieved using two different types of latex agglutination test (CPS antibody and CPS antigen detection test), immunoblotting and a blocking ELISA, although the latter lacked sensitivity until later in the infection (35-40 days p.i.). Only a single animal (1855) was detected positive using the current complement fixation test (CFT). Strong immune responses to protein antigens were detected by IgG and IgM immunoblotting from the first time point at day 14 p.i. IgM immunodominant bands of 220, 85, 62 and 40kDa were observed in the 3 infected animals and from CFT-positive CCPP field sera. Band intensity gradually diminished throughout the experiment. IgG immunodominant bands of 108, 70, 62, 44, 40 and 23kDa were shared between experimentally-infected and field sera, with band intensity either remaining unchanged or increasing from day 14 p.i. These bands were not present using pre-infection sera. Of the diagnostic tests used, only the CPS antibody detection latex agglutination test and IgG immunoblotting gave positive diagnoses throughout the entire period post-infection (days 14-53 p.i.).  相似文献   

Congenital porto-systemic shunts in sixteen dogs and three cats   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. ROTHUIZEN  TH. S. G. A. M. VAN DEN  INGH  G. VOORHOUTM†  R. J. T. VAN DER  LUER W. WOUDA 《The Journal of small animal practice》1982,23(2):67-81

Congenital porto-systemic shunts in sixteen dogs and three cats are described. A major symptom was hepato-encephalopathy. In most cases diagnosis was based on elevated venous ammonia levels, abnormal ammonia tolerance and results of operative mesenteric portography. Clinical signs, laboratory findings, results of portography, and pathologic findings in the liver and the central nervous system are described. A diagnostic schedule is proposed to aid in recognition of this syndrome.  相似文献   

Blood sampling techniques in reptiles   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H J Samour  D Risley  T March  B Savage  O Nieva  D M Jones 《The Veterinary record》1984,114(19):472-476

Disposition of the superficial blood vessels was studied in 38 species of reptiles with a view to examining their suitability for taking blood samples. It was concluded that the coccygeal veins were probably the most suitable for this purpose and the precise techniques for sampling from the different orders are described.  相似文献   

Measurement of C‐peptide concentrations and responses to somatostatin,glucose infusion,and insulin resistance in horses     

F. TÓTH  N. FRANK  T. MARTIN‐JIMÉNEZ  S. B. ELLIOTT  R. J. GEOR  R. C. BOSTON 《Equine veterinary journal》2010,42(2):149-155

Reasons for performing study: Hyperinsulinaemia is detected in horses with insulin resistance (IR) and has previously been attributed to increased pancreatic insulin secretion. Connecting peptide (C‐peptide) can be measured to assess pancreatic function because it is secreted in equimolar amounts with insulin and does not undergo hepatic clearance. Hypothesis: A human double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) detects C‐peptide in equine serum and concentrations would reflect responses to different stimuli and conditions. Methods: A validation procedure was performed to assess the RIA. Six mature mares were selected and somatostatin administered i.v. as a primed continuous rate infusion, followed by 50 nmol human C‐peptide i.v. Insulin and C‐peptide concentrations were measured in horses (n = 6) undergoing an insulin‐modified frequently sampled i.v. glucose tolerance test, and in horses with insulin resistance (n = 10) or normal insulin sensitivity (n = 20). Results: A human RIA was validated for use with equine sera. Endogenous C‐peptide secretion was suppressed by somatostatin and median (range) clearance rate was 0.83 (0.15–1.61) ml/min/kg bwt. Mean ± s.d. C‐peptide‐to‐insulin ratio significantly (P = 0.004) decreased during the glucose tolerance test from 3.60 ± 1.95 prior to infusion to 1.03 ± 0.18 during the first 20 min following dextrose administration. Median C‐peptide and insulin concentrations were 1.5‐ and 9.5‐fold higher, respectively in horses with IR, compared with healthy horses. Conclusions: Endogenous C‐peptide secretion decreases in response to somatostatin and increases after dextrose infusion. Results suggest that relative insulin clearance decreases as pancreatic secretion increases in response to dextrose infusion. Hyperinsulinaemia in insulin resistant horses may be associated with both increased insulin secretion and decreased insulin clearance. Potential relevance: Both C‐peptide and insulin concentrations should be measured to assess pancreatic secretion and insulin clearance in horses.  相似文献   

Protection of mice against Chlamydophila abortus infection with a bacteriophage-mediated DNA vaccine expressing the major outer membrane protein     

Ling Y  Liu W  Clark JR  March JB  Yang J  He C 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,144(3-4):389-395

A bacteriophage-delivered DNA vaccine against Chlamydophila abortus was constructed by cloning a eukaryotic cassette containing the ompA gene (which expresses the Major Outer Membrane Protein) into a bacteriophage lambda vector. Four groups, each of 20 BALB/c mice were inoculated separately with the phage vaccine, a conventional DNA vaccine based on the same ompA expression cassette, a live attenuated vaccine (strain 1B) or the empty phage vector. The phage and DNA vaccines and empty phage vector were administered intramuscularly on days 0, 14 and 28; the attenuated vaccine was given once on day 0. Half the animals in each group were challenged on day 42 by intraperitoneal injection of live C. abortus and sacrificed on day 49. Phage-vaccinated mice developed moderate antibody levels against C. abortus and yielded higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 compared with the attenuated live vaccine group. Clearance of chlamydiae from spleens was significantly better in the attenuated vaccine group compared with the phage vaccine group, while both groups were significantly superior to the DNA vaccine and control groups (p<0.01). Although levels of protection in the mouse model were lower in phage-vaccinated animals, than in 1B vaccinated animals, phage vaccines offer several other advantages, such as easier handling and safety, potentially cheaper production and no chance of reversion to virulence. Although these are preliminary results in a model system, it is possible that with further optimisation immunization with phage vaccines may provide a novel way to improve protection against C. abortus infection and trials in large animals are currently being initiated.  相似文献   

Effects of companion crops and tillage on soil phosphorus in a Brazilian oxisol: a chemical and 31P NMR spectroscopy study     

Eberhardt  Diogo  Marchão  Robélio  Quiquampoix  Hervé  Le Guernevé  Christine  Ramaroson  Volaniaina  Sauvadet  Marie  Muraoka  Takashi  Becquer  Thierry 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(2):1024-1037

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Phosphorus (P) is often the main limiting factor for plant growth in highly weathered tropical soils. Phosphate use efficiency and crop yields could be increased in...  相似文献   

Food intake and abdominal adipose tissue in White Leghorn hens fed diets of different protein and energy concentrations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Newcombe  B E March 《British poultry science》1988,29(2):311-323

1. Single Comb White Leghorn hens of 2 ages (44 and 80 weeks) were fed diets of different energy (10.88, 12.13 or 13.39 MJ ME and 140 g protein/kg) or protein (120, 140, 160 or 180 g and 12.13 MJ ME/kg) concentration over an 8-week period. 2. Food intake did not change with increasing concentrations of dietary protein. Protein intake was directly correlated with dietary protein concentration. 3. Energy intake increased with dietary energy concentration but, generally, failed to match the increases in dietary energy concentration. Energy, rather than protein, concentration was the major determinant of food intake. 4. Efficiency of energy utilisation decreased and mean adipocyte size increased with higher energy intake. 5. A bimodal adipocyte size distribution, consisting of a primary large size and a secondary small size population, was present in the abdominal fat pad of birds of both ages. There was no significant difference in the numbers of large adipocytes between the hens of the two ages. 6. The greater mean fat pad weight in the older hens was associated with increased mean cell volume in the population of large adipocytes.  相似文献   

Characterization of platelet and soluble-porcine P-selectin (CD62P)     

Massaguer A  Engel P  Tovar V  March S  Rigol M  Solanes N  Bosch J  Pizcueta P 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,96(3-4):169-181

P-selectin (CD62P), an adhesion molecule expressed on activated endothelial cells and platelets, mediates the initial attachment of leukocytes to the stimulated endothelium upon inflammation and the interaction between leukocytes and platelets. A soluble form of P-selectin is present in the serum of healthy individuals as a circulating protein and high levels have been described in various pathological situations. The aim of this study was to characterize P-selectin on porcine platelets and investigate the soluble form of this protein, which are uncharacterized in several animal species including pigs. A new monoclonal antibody (mAb) (SwPsel.1.9) against porcine P-selectin was produced using a mouse cell line transfected with pig P-selectin cDNA. This mAb together with a previously described mAb (P-sel.KO.2.5), produced in our laboratory, was used to develop an ELISA to quantify porcine P-selectin. No significant levels of soluble-porcine P-selectin were observed in healthy animals. However, the total amount of P-selectin measured in porcine platelets was similar to that found in humans. Increased levels of this circulating protein were detected in the plasma from pigs after allograft implantation. In vitro, P-selectin expression on platelet membrane was rapidly induced by PMA and thrombin, as assessed by flow cytometry. However, these activators did not stimulate the release of soluble P-selectin. Analysis of the proteolytic cleavage of this protein from COS-transfected cells revealed that PMA treatment failed to cause the shedding of membrane-bound P-selectin. These data suggest that porcine P-selectin is a suitable marker for inflammation and that the mechanism involved in the generation of circulating P-selectin is not proteolytic release.  相似文献