Prediction of aged red wine aroma properties from aroma chemical composition. Partial least squares regression models     

Aznar M  López R  Cacho J  Ferreira V 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(9):2700-2707

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Patterns of Abies cephalonica seedling recruitment in Mount Aenos National Park, Cephalonia, Greece     

Patrizia I. Politi  Margarita Arianoutsou  George P. Stamou 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009,258(7):29-1136

Patterns of Abies cephalonica Loudon seedling recruitment at its westernmost geographical limit (western Greece), were studied by monitoring their emergence, survival, and establishment for up to four years in the microhabitats to which seeds are dispersed. Seedlings were monitored on 200 permanent sampling plots established in 11 different locations covering the entire strictly protected Mount Aenos National Park (Cephalonia). Annual seedling mortality rate was estimated in relation to habitat characteristics as well as to their number of cotyledons. A. cephalonica presented the typical behaviour of a masting species in the number of seedlings produced over the four years of study. Of the habitat characteristics studied, ground cover, elevation, soil depth, slope and canopy openness were the main parameters that classified seedling habitat with respect to their emergence. Seedling survival was higher in years of low seedling production. Seedlings with higher cotyledon numbers exhibited higher survival. Our data indicate that A. cephalonica is characterized by remarkable reproductive plasticity, which is expressed in the number of seedlings produced each year and those surviving with respect to its habitat characteristics. Preserving the species implies preserving its habitat. In this sense, Mount Aenos National Park may be the most important protected area for the endemic fir in view of preserving its integrity through pre-emptive management, in the light of current and future threats.  相似文献   

Alpha-tocopherol protects against oxidative damage to lipids of the rod outer segments of the equine retina     

Terrasa AM  Guajardo MH  Marra CA  Zapata G 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(3):463-468

Oxidative stress is a possible risk factor for eye diseases. Lipid peroxidation is one of the major events induced by oxidative stress and is particularly active in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich biomembranes. This work evaluated endogenous lipid antioxidants, in vitro non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of rod outer segment membranes (ROS), the fatty acid composition during oxidative damage of total lipids from equine retina and ROS, and the protective action of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc). The major lipid soluble antioxidant was alpha-Toc followed by retinoids and carotenoids. The retina contained a high percentage of PUFAs, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). Lipid peroxidation of the equine ROS, induced by Fe(2+)-ascorbate, was monitored using chemiluminescence (CL) with or without pre-treatment with alpha-Toc. With alpha-Toc pre-treatment, CL values were significantly decreased. The most abundant fatty acid was 22:6n-3. After 3h incubation, 95% of total PUFAs were destroyed by peroxidation, whereas in alpha-Toc pre-treated ROS the percentage was significantly decreased. The results show that the retina has an endogenous lipid soluble antioxidant system. ROS were highly sensitive to oxidative damage, since their fatty acid composition was markedly modified during the lipid peroxidation process. The protective role of alpha-Toc as an antioxidant was evident and it could be used in the treatment of equine ocular diseases in which free radicals are involved.  相似文献   

New hosts for Lecanosticta acicola and Dothistroma septosporum in newly established arboreta in Spain     

Nebai Mesanza  Rosa Raposo  Margarita Elvira‐Recuenco  Irene Barnes  Ariska van der Nest  Mnica Hernndez  Maria Teresa Pascual  Iskander Barrena  Unai San Martín  Alejandro Cantero  Laura Hernandez‐Escribano  Eugenia Iturritxa 《Forest Pathology》2021,51(1):e12650

A historical outbreak of needle blight disease was recorded during 2018 to 2019 in plantations of Pinus radiata and Pinus nigra in the North of Spain. The main pathogens involved in this historical outbreak were identified as Lecanosticta acicola and Dothistroma septosporum. Recently, a variety of tree species in three arboreta planted between 2011 and 2013 in the Basque Country as part of the European project REINFFORCE were showing symptoms of needle blight and defoliation. The aim of this study was to determine which pine species were affected with these pathogens. Tree species sampled included several provenances of P. brutia, P. elliottii, P. nigra, P. pinaster, P. pinea, P. ponderosa, P. sylvestris and P. taeda. Using molecular identification methods, Lecanosticta acicola was confirmed infecting Pinus brutia (Provenance: Alexandropolis, Greece and var. eldarica, Crimea) and represents a new host species for this pathogen. Pinus elliottii (Provenance: Georgia, USA) and P. ponderosa (Provenance: Central California, USA) are new host reports of L. acicola for Spain. Dothistroma septosporum was found for the first time on P. brutia (Provenance: Marmaris, Turkey) and P. ponderosa (Provenance: Oregon, USA) in Spain and was also detected infecting P. nigra (Provenance: Sologne Vayrières, France).  相似文献   

Effect of commercial amino acids on iron nutrition of tomato plants grown under lime‐induced iron deficiency     

Mar Cerdán  Antonio Sánchez‐Sánchez  Juana D. Jordá  Margarita Juárez  Juan Sánchez‐Andreu 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2013,176(6):859-866

The objective of this work was to study the effect of root and foliar application of two commercial products containing amino acids from plant and animal origin on iron (Fe) nutrition of tomato seedlings cultivated in two nutrient media: lime and normal nutrient solutions. In the foliar‐application experiment, each product was sprayed with 0.5 and 0.7 mL L^–1 2, 7, 12, and 17 d after transplanting. In the root application experiment, 0.1 and 0.2 mL L^–1 of amino acids products were added to the nutrient solutions. In both experiments, untreated control plants were included as well. Foliar and root application of the product containing amino acids from animal origin caused severe plant‐growth depression and nonpositive effects on Fe nutrition were found. In contrast, the application of the product from plant origin stimulated plant growth. Furthermore, significantly enhanced root and leaf Fe^III‐chelate reductase activity, chlorophyll concentration, leaf Fe concentration, and Fe^II : Fe ratio were found in tomato seedlings treated with the product from plant origin, especially when the amino acids were directly applied to the roots. These effects were more evident in plants developed under lime‐induced Fe deficiency. The positive results on Fe uptake may be related to the action of glutamic acid, the most abundant amino acid in the formulation of the product from plant origin.  相似文献   

Swine influenza virus infection dynamics in two pig farms; results of a longitudinal assessment     

Simon-Grifé M  Martín-Valls GE  Vilar MJ  Busquets N  Mora-Salvatierra M  Bestebroer TM  Fouchier RA  Martín M  Mateu E  Casal J 《Veterinary research》2012,43(1):24

ABSTRACT: In order to assess the dynamics of influenza virus infection in pigs, serological and virological follow-ups were conducted in two whole batches of pigs from two different farms (F1 and F2), from 3 weeks of age until market age. Anti-swine influenza virus (SIV) antibodies (measured by ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition) and nasal virus shedding (measured by RRT-PCR and isolation in embryonated chicken eggs and MDCK cells) were carried out periodically. SIV isolates were subtyped and hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes were partially sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. In F1, four waves of viral circulation were detected, and globally, 62/121 pigs (51.2%) were positive by RRT-PCR at least once. All F1 isolates corresponded to H1N1 subtype although hemagglutination inhibition results also revealed the presence of antibodies against H3N2. The first viral wave took place in the presence of colostral-derived antibodies. Nine pigs were positive in two non-consecutive sampling weeks, with two of the animals being positive with the same isolate. Phylogenetic analyses showed that different H1N1 variants circulated in that farm. In F2, only one isolate, H1N2, was detected and all infections were concentrated in a very short period of time, as assumed for a classic influenza outbreak. These findings led us to propose that influenza virus infection in pigs might present different patterns, from an epidemic outbreak to an endemic form with different waves of infections with a lower incidence.  相似文献   

Assessment of forest fire seasonality using MODIS fire potential: A time series approach   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Margarita Huesca  Javier Litago  Alicia Palacios-Orueta  Fernando Montes  Ana Sebastin-Lpez  Paula Escribano 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(11):1151

We utilized Fire Potential Index (FPI) to assess quantitatively fire season in a Mediterranean and a Temperate ecoregion of Iberian Peninsula by means of Time Series Analysis. The FPI was derived using MODIS NDWI and NDVI time series as indicators of vegetation status. Temperature and relative humidity time series from meteorological stations were interpolated using Universal Kriging. The average FPI time series were computed for each ecoregion for the period running from January 2001 to December 2005 and Time Series Analysis was applied to these series. Results show that FPINDWI and FPINDVI were able to describe fire season in two different ecoregions. Using Time Series Analysis was possible to evaluate and model fire dynamics. By means of spectral analysis and autoregressive models it was possible to detect hidden periodic components and model FPI dynamics with previous FPI information. Large differences between the Mediterranean and the Temperate ecoregions were demonstrated and subtle variability in the Temperate region could be explained. This quantitative approach represents an operational new tool for assessing subtle variations in fire season due to climate change.  相似文献   

Composition of diazotrophic bacterial assemblages in bean-planted soil compared to unplanted soil     

Pilar Junier  Thomas Junier  Karl-Paul Witzel  Margarita Carú 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2009,45(2):153-162

The effect of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on the composition of nitrogen fixing bacterial assemblages in soil was studied by comparing planted and unplanted soil. The community composition was studied by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the nitrogenase reductase gene (nifH). Principal component analysis (PCA) of T-RFLP profiles showed the separation of profiles from planted and unplanted soil. Terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) corresponding to rhizobial bacteria were identified preferentially in planted soil; however most nifH T-RFs in soil could not be assigned to T-RFs simulated from a database of known diazotrophs. To specifically study rhizobial bacteria in the soil and nodules, PCR products from the alpha subunit of the nitrogenase enzyme (nifD) were analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE results showed the specific stimulation of the rhizobial microsymbionts in planted soil.  相似文献   

Relative contribution of small mountain ponds to regional richness of littoral macroinvertebrates and the implications for conservation     

Carlos Martínez‐Sanz  Cynthia S. S. Cenzano  Margarita Fernández‐Aláez  Francisco García‐Criado 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2012,22(2):155-164

Does the Intensity of Anisakis Infection Affect the Quality of Hake Muscle?     

Margarita Tejada  Horst Karl  Cristina de las Heras  Sanja Vidacek  Maria Teresa Solas  Maria Luisa Garcia 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(3):221-236

The distribution of Anisakis larvae in fresh caught hake was studied, and the influence of three infection levels of the viscera (low, medium, high) on quality changes of deep frozen muscle was followed over 220 days. Differences in quality were attributed more to the size of the individuals than to the infection degree of the three groups. The removal of belly flaps diminished the risk of consumers’ infection and sensitization as prevalence and intensity was reduced to 75.6 and 5.9%, respectively. Allergens were detected after 220 days frozen storage, which represents a risk for consumers already allergic to Anisakis.  相似文献