Phytochemical Characterization and Effects on Cell Proliferation of Lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus) Berry Oil: a Revalued Source of Phenolics     

Siano  Francesco  Cutignano  Adele  Moccia  Stefania  Russo  Gian Luigi  Volpe  Maria Grazia  Picariello  Gianluca 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(4):487-494

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The ethno-pharmaceutical use of the edible fixed oil produced from lentisk (Pistacia lentiscus) berries covers a long tradition in several Mediterranean regions....  相似文献   

Aspergillus fumigatus population dynamics and sensitivity to demethylation inhibitor fungicides in whole‐crop corn,high moisture corn and wet grain corn silages     

Davide Spadaro  Slavica Matic  Simona Prencipe  Francesco Ferrero  Giorgio Borreani  Ulrich Gisi  Maria Lodovica Gullino 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):685-694

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Breeding for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat—Progress and challenges     

Maria Buerstmayr  Barbara Steiner  Hermann Buerstmayr 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(3):429-454

Fusarium head blight is among the most extensively studied fungal diseases of wheat and other small grain cereals due to its impact on yield and quality, but particularly due to its potential to produce mycotoxins, which are harmful to humans and animals. Since our last comprehensive review on QTL mapping and marker-assisted selection for FHB resistance in wheat in 2009, numerous studies have been conducted to identify, validate or fine-map resistance QTL. The main aim of this review is to update and summarize findings on FHB resistance breeding of wheat published during the last decade. Furthermore, we compiled a user-friendly table listing FHB resistance QTL data providing a valuable resource for further FHB resistance research. The role of morphological and phenological traits on FHB resistance and possible consequences for resistance breeding are discussed. This review concentrates current knowledge on breeding for FHB resistance and suggests strategies to enhance resistance by deploying molecular breeding methods, including marker-assisted and genomic selection.  相似文献   

Heterodera schachtii infection affects nitrogen metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana     

Mateusz Labudda  Elżbieta Różańska  Ewa Muszyńska  Dorota Marecka  Maria Głowienka  Patryk Roliński  Beata Prabucka 《Plant pathology》2020,69(4):794-803

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Effect of intermittent drought on grain yield and quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Rwanda     

Alphonsine Mukamuhirwa  Helena Persson Hovmalm  Rodomiro Ortiz  Obedi Nyamangyoku  Maria Luisa Prieto–Linde  Anders Ekholm  Eva Johansson 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(2):252-262

The climate change will contribute drought and temperature extremes to rice growing systems, especially when cultivated in equatorial regions. To evaluate opportunities to cultivate and breed drought-tolerant rice, seven rice cultivars were evaluated in Rwanda for recurring morphological drought scores, grain yield and components, and quality characteristics. The cultivation conditions, that is site and drought treatment, impacted morphological drought scores, growth and yield attributes, while cultivar affected quality attributes. Thus, site showed a higher impact on grain yield and components than drought and cultivar, with generally a reduced grain yield at the low-temperature site, as a result of low spikelet fertility. Morphological drought scores were generally increased by drought, while drought at the reproductive stage at the high-temperature site was negative for yield and its components. The cultivars “Intsindagirabigega” and “Jyambere” were adapted to high-temperature site conditions. The cultivar “Intsindagirabigega” had the highest amylose content, and “Mpembuke,” the highest antioxidant capacity. Thus, climate change with increased temperature and drought extremes may increase rice productivity in cool areas, while especially drought at reproductive stage will be detrimental in low altitude areas with high temperature. Cultivar variation indicated opportunities for selection and breeding of climate change tolerant rice cultivars which should be of immediate priority.  相似文献   

Effects of Various Levels of Silica Ash in the Diet of Juvenile Red Drum,Sciaenops ocellatus     

Maria G. Mendoza‐Rodriguez  Delbert M. Gatlin 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(2):199-205

The demand for alternative feedstuffs to fish meal is anticipated to continue increasing due to fish meal's limited supply and escalating price. One group of alternative feedstuffs includes lipid‐extracted algae (LEA) by‐products from algae production for biofuels. Most LEA by‐products are known to contain relatively high levels of ash ranging from 20 to 30% of dry weight. Thus, inclusion of LEA by‐products in aquafeeds may contribute a substantial amount of ash, which potentially could have negative effects on utilization of other nutrients. To study the ash component of LEA by‐products, diatomaceous earth (DE) was used as a homogeneous source of silica ash. Therefore, two feeding trials were conducted with red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, in a closed, recirculating system to evaluate the effects of graded levels of dietary silica ash. In Experiment 1, semi‐purified diets were formulated to contain 35% crude protein, with DE included at 0, 5, 10, 20, or 30% of dry weight in place of cellulose to provide diets with analyzed ash levels of 8.6, 12.4, 16.7, 25.5, and 33.8% of dry weight in a regression design. Similar diets were fed in Experiment 2 but DE and cellulose were restricted to no more than 20% of diet. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of juvenile fish (initial average weight of 1.4 ± 0.2 and 2.3 ± 0.1 g) for 8 wk. In both experiments it was apparent that red drum did not respond negatively to even the highest dietary ash levels based on weight gain, feed efficiency, survival, or body composition. No apparent histological changes in the gastrointestinal tract of fish fed the graded levels of ash were observed. Therefore, inclusion of algae by‐products in diets of red drum will not be limited due to their contribution of ash.  相似文献   

Nonlinear regression for description of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) production     

Maria Inês Diel  Bruno Giacomini Sari  Dionatan Ketzer Krysczun  Tiago Olivoto  Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro  Daniela Meira 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2019,94(2):259-273

The aim of this study was to select growth models to describe strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)fruit production. To do this, data on 16 treatments (combination of 2 cultivars [Albion and Camarosa], 2 origins [National and Imported], and 4 organic substrates mixed [70% crushed sugar cane residue + 30% organic compost, 70% crushed sugar cane residue + 30% commercial substrate, 70% burnt rice husk + 30% organic compost, and 70% burnt rice husk + 30% commercial substrate]) conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replicates were used. Different parameterizations of the Logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy models were adjusted for number and weight of fruits per plant (g) accumulated in multiple harvests. The model adjustment and parameter estimation were obtained by ordinary least squares, using a Gauss Newton algorithm. The selection of the best model was chosen by intrinsic and parametric nonlinearity. Among the adjusted nonlinear models, the best adjustment for both variables was achieved by the parameterization 2 of the Logistic model and parameterization 1 of the Gompertz model, because they had lower results with less parametric and intrinsic nonlinearity. However, care should be taken when using the Gompertz model because it tends to overestimate the production estimate and may cause misunderstandings in interpretation.  相似文献   

Beyond participation! Social innovations facilitating movement from authoritative state to participatory forest governance in Ukraine     

Sarkki  Simo  Parpan  Taras  Melnykovych  Mariana  Zahvoyska  Lyudmyla  Derbal  Juriy  Voloshyna  Nataliya  Nijnik  Maria 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1601-1618

Tuning participatory processes is often insufficient to achieve transition from authoritative state to democratic and participatory forest governance due to institutional inertia and unwillingness to truly decentralize decision-making power. Social innovations as reconfigurations of relationships between state, market actors, civil society and science can help to meet concerns of local people about forest Ecosystem Services (ES). In Ukraine, the Swiss-Ukrainian Forest Development (FORZA) pilot project initiated a social innovation process complementing regional forest planning with local participatory community development plans in Transcarpathia. This paper examines what kind of changes need to accompany the succession of participatory practices in transition processes from authoritative state to democratic forest governance, and what are the lessons learned for social innovations based on the Ukrainian case study. This paper synthesizes knowledge on the FORZA case analyzed by inductive content analysis, and integrates these local level results with a national survey (N?=?244) on Ukrainian forest governance. Transition processes need to go “beyond participation” by (i) legal reforms to better acknowledge ES important for local people, (ii) a change from an exclusive focus on timber to acknowledging multiple ES, (iii) changed spatial and temporal rationales of state-based governance, and (iv) recognition of local people as credible experts. Social innovations can detect key barriers to the transition during the policy experiments, and need to pay significant attention on how the novel practices can be sustained after the pilot, replicated elsewhere and up-scaled. Without such considerations, social innovation projects may only remain as a marginal curiosity.

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Physicochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Activity of Bee Honey Enriched With Herbs     

Małgorzata Dżugan  Patrycja Sowa  Monika Kwaśniewska  Monika Wesołowska  Maria Czernicka 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(1):74-81

Three groups of products enriched with herbs were studied: (1) commercial herb honeys (n?=?5) produced by bees fed a syrup with an herbal extract, (2) natural herbal honey (n?=?3) produced by bees from the nectar of herbs, and (3) creamed multifloral honey with added dried herbs (n?=?5). As a control, multifloral honey (n?=?5) was used. The physicochemical parameters (i.e., sugar extract, water content, specific rotation, conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, pH and acidity), sugar profiles (HPLC analysis), antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds content of the studied samples were compared. Although great diversity in the basic properties of the studied products was observed, they were comparable to multifloral honey and complied with honey regulations. Significant differences in sugar composition were observed, and adversely positive rotation (excluding nettle herb honey) was detected in group 1, likely resulting from the change in bee feeding. The best antioxidant activity for creamed honeys with dried herbs (group 2) was investigated, whereas herb honeys (group 1) exhibited similar antioxidant properties as multifloral honey. The use of controlled feeding of bees appears to be an effective method of enriching honey with desirable plant bioactive components to create innovative bee products.  相似文献   

Changes in European eel ovary development and body and ovary chemistry during stimulated maturation under controlled conditions: preliminary data     

Joanna Nowosad  Dariusz Kucharczyk  Joanna Łuczyńska  Katarzyna Targońska  Tomasz Kajetan Czarkowski  Maria Biłas  Sławomir Krejszeff  László Horváth  Tamás Müller 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(1):13-27

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