Antimicrobial resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from swine     

Vanni M  Merenda M  Barigazzi G  Garbarino C  Luppi A  Tognetti R  Intorre L 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,156(1-2):172-177

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates and the trend in resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pigs in Italy from 1994 to 2009. A total of 992 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates were tested for their susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial agents in a disk diffusion method. Resistance to 7 drugs (amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefquinome, cotrimoxazole, penicillin G and tilmicosin) showed a significant increasing trend over the time, while for 2 drugs (gentamycin and marbofloxacin) a significant decrease was observed. Resistance to the remaining 14 antimicrobial agents tested did not change significantly over the study period. Most of the isolates retained high susceptibility to antimicrobials usually effective against A. pleuropneumoniae such as amphenicols, fluoroquinolones and ceftiofur. However, high rates of resistance were observed for potentiated sulfa drugs, tetracyclines and penicillins which are currently recommended antimicrobials for pig pleuropneumonia therapy. Our results suggest the importance of continued monitoring of A. pleuropneumoniae clinical isolates in order to choose the most appropriate treatment of infections and to control the increase of resistance to currently used antimicrobials.  相似文献   

The interaction between atrazine and the mineral horizon of soil: a spectroscopic study     

Marianna Czaplicka  Hanna Barchanska  Katarzyna Jaworek  Bożena Kaczmarczyk 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(3):827-834

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IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—IDIOPATHIC HYOID MALFORMATION IN AN 8‐YEAR‐OLD WELSH SECTION D HORSE          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathon Dixon  Marianna Biggi  Etienne J. O. O'Brien  Ricky Farr  Thomas H. Witte 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(1):E1-E5

An 8‐year‐old gelding was evaluated for intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) at exercise. Standing laterolateral radiographs demonstrated an abnormal crossed appearance of the stylohyoid bones. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed abnormal positioning of the left stylohyoid bone and articulations with both the left thyrohyoid and ceratohyoid bones. Surgical treatment consisted of combined left ceratohyoidectomy and thyrohyoidectomy. Postoperatively the patient's presenting complaint resolved completely, with the horse returning to full work. Standing laterolateral radiographs should be obtained prior to laryngeal or hyoid surgery to rule out hyoid anomalies, which could result in surgical failure or subsequent hyoid fracture.  相似文献   

Aerophobin-1 from the Marine Sponge Aplysina aerophoba Modulates Osteogenesis in Zebrafish Larvae     

Marta Carnovali  Maria Letizia Ciavatta  Ernesto Mollo  Vassilios Roussis  Giuseppe Banfi  Marianna Carbone  Massimo Mariotti 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

Longer life expectancy has led to an increase in efforts directed to the discovery of new healing agents for disorders related to aging, such as bone diseases. Harboring an incredible variety of bioactive metabolites, marine organisms are standing out as fruitful sources also in this therapeutic field. On the other hand, the in vivo zebrafish model has proven to be an excellent low-cost screening platform for the fast identification of molecules able to regulate bone development. By using zebrafish larvae as a mineralization model, we have thus evaluated the effects of the crude acetonic extract from the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba and its bromotyrosine components on bone development. Obtained results led to the selection of aerophobin-1 (1) as a promising candidate for applications in regenerative medicine, paving the way for the development of a novel therapeutic option in osteoporosis treatment.  相似文献   

Development and characterization of wheat lines with increased levels of arabinoxylan     

Karolina Tremmel-Bede  László Láng  Kitti Török  Sándor Tömösközi  Gyula Vida  Peter R. Shewry  Zoltán Bedő  Marianna Rakszegi 《Euphytica》2017,213(12):291

Improving the nutritional quality and health benefits of food has been of increasing interest globally over the last decade. Staple cereal foods are the major sources of dietary fiber and a recent study identified the Chinese wheat cultivar Yumai-34 as having unusually high levels of water-extractable arabinoxylan (WE-AX) and total arabinoxylan (TOT-AX) in flour. Crosses were therefore made between this variety and three Central European varieties (Lupus, Mv-Mambo, Ukrainka) and the physical properties (test weight, thousand-kernel weight, flour yield, kernel hardness), composition (protein, gluten, WEAX, total AX) and processing quality (gluten index, Zeleny sedimentation, Farinograph parameters) of the grain were compared for thirty-one breeding lines (F₇–F₉) and the four parents in a 3-year field experiment (2013–2015). Increases of 0.5% in the WE-AX content and 1% in the content of total AX content of the flour were achieved, with an improvement in dough properties. The thousand-kernel weight, protein content, gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation and water absorption of the flour also increased in many lines, while three of the lines had yields that were competitive with the official control varieties, making them suitable for registration.  相似文献   

Toxicity of insecticides to populations of tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) from Greece     

Emmanouil Roditakis  Christina Skarmoutsou  Marianna Staurakaki 《Pest management science》2013,69(7):834-840

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A new genomovar of Pseudomonas cichorii, a causal agent of tomato pith necrosis     

Emmanouil A. Trantas  Panagiotis F. Sarris  Evaggelia E. Mpalantinaki  Marianna G. Pentari  Filippos N. Ververidis  Dimitrios E. Goumas 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,137(3):477-493

Recent taxonomic advances, based on biochemical and genotypic processes demonstrate that the plant pathogenic species Pseudomonas cichorii consists of a cluster of closely related genomic groups. Prior to this study, three morphotype groups had been described (C1-C3), all sharing various phenotypic and biochemical characters but partially differing in their DNA content. All entities of the complex could cause disease among a variety of hosts, including lettuce, celery, chrysanthemum and others. In this study, we present the biochemical and molecular characterization of P. cichorii isolates as the causal agent of pith necrosis of tomato plants. A detailed characterization of the genetic variability among strains belonging to P. cichorii was achieved using BOX-PCR and Multi Locus Sequence Analysis utilizing three housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD, rpoB). In addition, a number of biochemical and physiological tests were also used for the identification of the tomato P. cichorii isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first complete biochemical, molecular and phylogenetic study of P. cichorii strains isolated from tomato plants affected by pith necrosis disease. Our findings demonstrate the emergence of a new genomovar of P. cichorii, yet another indication for the genetic heterogeneity of the species.  相似文献   

Intervertebral disc degeneration in the dog. Part 2: Chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic breeds     

Lucas A. Smolders  Niklas Bergknut  Guy C.M. Grinwis  Ragnvi Hagman  Anne-Sofie Lagerstedt  Herman A.W. Hazewinkel  Marianna A. Tryfonidou  Björn P. Meij 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2013,195(3):292-299

Dogs can be grouped into two distinct types of breed based on the predisposition to chondrodystrophy, namely, non-chondrodystrophic (NCD) and chondrodystrophic (CD). In addition to a different process of endochondral ossification, NCD and CD breeds have different characteristics of intravertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and IVD degenerative diseases. The anatomy, physiology, histopathology, and biochemical and biomechanical characteristics of the healthy and degenerated IVD are discussed in the first part of this two-part review. This second part describes the similarities and differences in the histopathological and biochemical characteristics of IVD degeneration in CD and NCD canine breeds and discusses relevant aetiological factors of IVD degeneration.  相似文献   

Temporal changes of soil physical and hydraulic properties in strawberry fields     

A. L. Bamberg  W. M. Cornelis  L. C. Timm  D. Gabriels  E. A. Pauletto  L. F. S. Pinto 《Soil Use and Management》2011,27(3):385-394

Even over short time intervals, soil properties are subject to variation, especially in managed soils. The objective of this study was to assess the temporal changes of soil physical and hydraulic properties in strawberry fields cultivated under surface drip fertigation in Turuçu, Brazil. Intact core samples were collected from the near surface soil layer of seedbeds to determine the total porosity (TP), macroporosity (MA), matrix porosity, bulk density (BD), available water capacity (AWC), field capacity, wilting point and Dexter’s S index. Aggregate samples were collected from the arable layer to determine the aggregate size distribution and aggregate mean weight diameter. All samples were collected from 15 strawberry fields and at four different times during the 2007–2008 strawberry growing cycle. Although soil pore‐solid relations are expected to adjust soon after seedbed construction, their variation was only evident after >13 weeks. Even though values of TP and MA decreased with time, and those of BD increased near the end of the growing cycle, all the soils maintained their capacity to support root activity as indicated by critical values of Dexter’s index (S > 0.03). The amount of relatively large aggregates (9.51–2.00 mm) and AWC increased towards the end of the strawberry cultivation cycle. With changes in soil structure improving soil physical quality, strawberry development benefitted. We showed that if farmers gradually increase the amount of water through fertigation to a maximum value occurring at the end of crop cycle instead of applying water at a constant rate, water and energy use efficiency in agriculture would improve.  相似文献   

Carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed with cassava foliage hay and spineless cactus     

Amanda Silva de Lima  José Fábio dos Santos Silva  Mariah Tenório de Carvalho Souza  Marianna Suellen Bispo Vieira  Raniallef França Praxedes  Julimar do Sacramento Ribeiro  Daniel Barros Cardoso  Adriano Henrique do Nascimento Rangel  Francisco Fernando Ramos de Carvalho  Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13519

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the total or partial replacement of Tifton 85 hay (TH) by cassava foliage hay (CH) and/or spineless cactus (SC) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of confined lambs. Thirty-five Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred lambs were used, with an initial average weight of 16.0 ± 1.9 kg, fed with five treatment diets: 70% TH, 70% CH, 35% TH + 35% CH, 35% TH + 35% SC, and 35% CH + 35% SC. After 90 days of confinement, the animals were slaughtered and the carcass and meat data were compared using the Tukey test at 5%. The partial replacement of TH by SC increased the cold carcass weight by 3.9 kg (p < .05). The proportion of fat (%) increased (p < .05) when TH was replaced by CH + SC. The intensity of red (a*) was lower (p < .05) in the meat of animals fed with CH or CH + SC. It is recommended to partially replace TH with SC, or to replace totally with CH in association with SC.  相似文献