Toxicity of microbial insecticides toward the non‐target freshwater insect Chironomus xanthus     

Aline Silvestre Pereira Dornelas  Renato A Sarmento  Laila C Rezende Silva  Althiris de Souza Saraiva  Danival J de Souza  Maria D Bordalo  Amadeu MVM Soares  Joo LT Pestana 《Pest management science》2020,76(3):1164-1172

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Dry or wet? What is the best choice to determine gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes in females of Macrobrachium amazonicum?     

Lucas Rezende Penido Paschoal  Leo Jaime Filgueira de Oliveira  Guilherme Casemiro Andrioli  Fernando Jos Zara 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(12):3589-3596

The gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indexes are widely used for the evaluation of reproductive biology in crustaceans. However, the use of either wet or dry weight for estimating these indexes is not standardized in the literature. Here, we compare the GSI and HSI indexes based on wet and dry samples of females of Macrobrachium amazonicum from populations with different phenotypes (large and small‐size prawns) as a model. In our analysis, for GSI, the application of wet weight tended to overestimate the values recorded in the initial (I‐II) and intermediate (III) stages of ovarian development, and underestimate the results in the final (IV‐V) stages when compared to the use of dry weight. This could be attributed to the reduction in cytoplasmic organelles and water content of the cytosol due to the increase in yolk and lipids in the oocytes throughout ovarian development. For HSI, no significant differences were detected between wet and dry samples. However, the dry HSI computed at all stages of development was overestimated when compared to the use of wet samples, and only the hepatopancreas of females at the final stage (V) showed a significant decrease in water content. Thus, our results indicate that M. amazonicum females maintain constant hepatopancreatic reserves throughout ovarian development. In this way, the use of dry weight is more adequate to estimate GSI and HSI in this species.  相似文献   

A new resistance gene to PepYMV (Pepper yellow mosaic virus) in Capsicum annuum L.     

Jéssica Figueiredo Rezende  Monik Evelin Leite  Douglas Willian Nogueira  Danilo Gustavo Nogueira  Alex Antonio da Silva  Wilson Roberto Maluf 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(1):65-72

Pvr4 locus, commonly associated with a co-dominant CAPS marker, confers monogenic dominant resistance to potyvirus complex in Capsicum spp. Aiming to investigate whether the resistance found in resistant genotypes not bearing Pvr4 marker is due to allelism in the Pvr4 locus, or due to a new locus of the pvr series, segregation analyses of an F₂ population obtained from a cross between two pepper lines “Myr-29-10” (P₁) (resistant to PepYMV, showing a single band of 444 bp, Pvr4/Pvr4) and “PIM-025” (P₂) (resistant to PepYMV, showing a single band of 458 bp, Pvr4⁺/Pvr4⁺) were performed. According to the results, there is strong evidence that the locus controlling PepYMV resistance in PIM-025 (P₂) is not Pvr4. These results provide evidence that those resistant genotypes, bearing a susceptible band pattern in the Pvr4 locus (458 bp, Pvr4⁺/Pvr4⁺), carry a different gene from those described in the literature up to the present time.  相似文献   

High intraspecific variability in morphology and diet in tropical stream fish communities     

Luisa Resende Manna  Sbastien Villger  Carla Ferreira Rezende  Rosana Mazzoni 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2019,28(1):41-52

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Apoptosis in T lymphocytes from spleen tissue and peripheral blood of L. (L.) chagasi naturally infected dogs     

de Lima VM  Fattori KR  de Souza F  Eugênio FR  dos Santos PS  Rozza DB  Machado GF 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,184(2-4):147-153

Dogs are the main domestic reservoirs of L. (L.) chagasi. Once in the vertebrate host, the parasite may cause visceral leishmaniasis, which can also be transmitted to humans. Infected symptomatic dogs show disorganization in the white pulp in spleen tissue and a reduction in T lymphocytes in peripheral blood. To investigate whether apoptosis is involved in white pulp disorganization and diminished T cell counts in peripheral blood, apoptotic T cells from the spleen and peripheral blood of dogs naturally infected with L. (L.) chagasi and presenting clinical manifestations were quantified and compared with healthy dogs. Thirteen symptomatic adult dogs infected by L. (L.) chagasi and six healthy dogs from a nonendemic area (controls) were included in the study. Samples from spleen and peripheral blood were used to quantify apoptosis in CD3 lymphocytes by flow cytometry using Anexin V and Multicaspase kits; the results were compared using the Mann Whitney test. The percentage of total T cells was lower in Leishmania infected dogs compared to healthy controls (P<0.05). Apoptosis levels in T cells from PBMC and spleen were higher in infected dogs than in controls (P<0.05). The least squares method test was used to determine the effect between the degree of structural organization of spleen white pulp and the percentage of apoptosis in the spleen. A significant effect on the level of white pulp morphological disorganization and percentage of apoptosis in spleen T cells was observed (F=20.45; P=0.0014). These data suggest that apoptosis is an important for the immunopathogenesis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.  相似文献   

Herd-specific strains of Mycoplasma bovis in outbreaks of mycoplasmal mastitis and pneumonia     

Aebi M  Bodmer M  Frey J  Pilo P 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,157(3-4):363-368

Mycoplasma bovis causes severe economic losses in livestock production, particularly on the Northern American continent and more recently also in continental Europe. The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether the recently emerging outbreaks were due to a particular clone or strain of M. bovis or whether these outbreaks are due to multiple infectious strains of M. bovis. The study is based on the analysis M. bovis isolated from cattle of herds with outbreaks of mycoplasmal mastitis or pneumonia from geographically non related parts of Switzerland. M. bovis isolates were typed by insertion sequence (IS) element analysis based upon ISMbov1 and ISMbov2 southern-blot hybridization. We observed a strong divergence of M. bovis strains among affected herds which mostly were herd specific. This argues against the assumption that a recent infiltration of a particular clone of M. bovis is the cause of the perilous emerging outbreaks. The study suggests that transmission occurs from animal to animal most probably via milk.  相似文献   

Osteology and radiology of the vertebral column in the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris)     

Letícia Rocha Inamassu  Bruno Cesar Schimming  Carmel Rezende Dadalto  Maria Jaqueline Mamprim 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(1):128-135

The white-eared opossum present a higher roadkill number in Brazil, and the vertebral column is often affected when some type of trauma occurs. Thus, this study describes the osteology and radiology of the vertebral column in white-eared opossum to serve as a basis for support in the veterinary clinical care, since the casuistry of care of this marsupial has increased every year. Radiographs of the cervical (C), thoracic (T), lumbar (L), sacral (S) and caudal (Cd) segments of the vertebral column were taken in thirty-five white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris). Furthermore, ten opossums without evident vertebral acquired or congenital abnormalities at the radiographic study were selected for anatomical study. Osteology was correlated with the radiographic images. The use of radiographs allowed the identification of congenital and acquired vertebral changes, as well as the identification of anatomical structures, their distribution and morphology and the number of vertebrae. The vertebral formula varied in the white-eared opossum. In 27 of 35 white-eared opossums (77.2%) with normal vertebral morphology, three vertebral formulas were observed: C7/T13/L6/S2 (62.9%), C7/T13/L5/S2 (5.7%) and C7/T13/L7/S2 (8.6%). Most of the specimens presented 27 caudal vertebrae. The anticlinal vertebra was identified as T10 in 77.2% and T11 in 22.8% of opossums. Cervical block vertebra was observed in two animals and sacrocaudal block vertebra in one animal. The haemal arches could be seen from Cd3–Cd4 in 80% and Cd2–Cd3 in 20% of opossums. The white-eared opossum showed a slender vertebral column with a relatively short thoracic region, a relatively long lumbar region and a highly flexible lumbosacral transition, suggesting that this animal is a fast-running and agile opossum. Therefore, these findings may serve as a basis for further research and support the veterinary clinical care, since the casuistry of care for this marsupial has increased every year.  相似文献   

Plasma concentrations and behavioral, antinociceptive, and physiologic effects of methadone after intravenous and oral transmucosal administration in cats     

Ferreira TH  Rezende ML  Mama KR  Hudachek SF  Aguiar AJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(6):764-771

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Use of multivariate analyses for determining heat tolerance in Brazilian cattle   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

McManus C  Castanheira M  Paiva SR  Louvandini H  Fioravanti MC  Paludo GR  Bianchini E  Corrêa PS 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(3):623-630

Adaptability can be evaluated by the ability of an animal to adjust to environmental conditions and is especially important in extreme weather conditions such as that found in tropical Brazil. A multivariate analysis using physical and physiological traits in exotic (Nellore and Holstein) and naturalized (Junqueira, Curraleira, Mocho Nacional, Crioula Lageana, and Pantaneira) cattle breeds was carried out in the Federal District of Brazil to test and determine which traits are important in the adaptation of animal to heat stress as well as the ability of these traits and statistical techniques to separate the breeds studied. Both physical and physiological traits were measured on three occasions and included body measurements, skin and hair thickness, hair number and length, pigmentation, sweat gland area as well as heart and breathing rates, rectal temperature, sweating rate, and blood parameters. The data underwent multivariate statistical analyses, including cluster, discriminate, and canonical procedures. The tree diagram showed clear distances between the groups studied, and canonical analysis was able to separate individuals in groups. Coat traits explained little variation in physiological parameters. The traits which had higher discriminatory power included packed cell volume, shoulder height, mean corpuscular volume, body length, and heart girth. Morphological and physiological traits were able to discriminate between the breeds tested, with blood and size traits being the most important. More than 80% of animals of all breeds were correctly classified in their genetic group.  相似文献   

Effect of Nitrogen and Trinexapac-Ethyl Rates on the SPAD Index of Wheat Leaves     

Marcelo Curitiba Espindula  Valterley Soares Rocha  Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes  Raul Carvalho Corrêa da Silva  Leandro Torres de Souza 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1956-1964

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) and trinexapac-ethyl (TE) rates on the SPAD index in wheat flag leaf. The treatments were five N rates (30, 60, 90, 120, 150 kg ha^?1) combined with four TE rates (0, 63, 125, 188 g ha^?1). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four repetitions. SPAD index, leaf N content and grain yield showed quadratic response to the increase in N rates, whereas area, wet and dry weight of flag leaf presented linear increase. TE caused linear increase in SPAD index, linear decrease in leaf area, reduction in grain yield with smaller N rates and increase with larger N rates. The N content, and the wet and dry weight of flag leaf were not affected by TE. SPAD calibration to estimate N status in wheat should be specific for each TE rate.  相似文献