Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci associated with seed yield in soybean     

Naoya Yamaguchi  Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara  Yumi Sato  Mineo Senda  Masao Ishimoto  Fumiko Kousaka 《Breeding Science》2021,71(3):396

In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], the genetic analysis of seed yield is important to aid in the breeding of high-yielding cultivars. Seed yield is a complex trait, and the number of quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in seed yield is high. The aims of this study were to identify QTL associated with seed yield and validate their effects on seed yield using near-isogenic lines. The QTL analysis was conducted using a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between Japanese cultivars ‘Toyoharuka’ and ‘Toyomusume’, and eight seed yield-associated QTL were identified. There were significant positive correlations between seed yield and the number of favorable alleles at QTL associated with seed yield in the recombinant inbred lines for three years. The effects of qSY8-1, a QTL promoting greater seed yield, was validated in the Toyoharuka background. In a two-year yield trial, the 100-seed weight and seed yield of Toyoharuka-NIL, the near-isogenic line having the Toyomusume allele at qSY8-1, were significantly greater than those of Toyoharuka (106% and 107%, respectively) without any change for days to flowering and maturity. Our results suggest that qSY8-1 was not associated with maturity genes, and contributed to the 100-seed weight.  相似文献   

Mitochondrial DNA variation and population structure of the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Izumi Yamasaki  Goro Yoshizaki  Masashi Yokota  Carlos A. Strüssmann  Seiichi Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(2):299-309

ABSTRACT:   The Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica is a common grapsid species found throughout freshwater and estuarine regions in Japan. In order to obtain information on the genetic variation and population structure of this species, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was conducted on the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of mitochondrial DNA, on 666 individuals from 19 sample sites covering the three main geographic regions of Japan (Main Islands, Okinawa, and Ogasawara). Genetic analysis using seven restriction enzymes produced an array of 61 composite haplotypes. Three regional groups corresponding to the three geographic regions were clearly identified by cluster and molecular variance model ( amova ) analyses. Each of the three groups showed dominant haplotypes that were almost completely absent in populations from the other geographic areas. Comparison with published information for other species indicates that the degree of genetic divergence between these three main groups is equivalent to the genetic distance between congeneric species. Thus, the population structure of the Japanese mitten crab, as inferred from mtDNA analysis, is formed by genetically distinct groups that closely reflect their geographic distribution in the Japanese archipelago as well as restricted gene flow.  相似文献   

Occurrence of toxic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dinophysis acuminata</Emphasis> (Dinophyceae) in Uranouchi Inlet,Japan     

Masao Adachi  Naoko Okamoto  Masayuki Matsubara  Toshitaka Nishijima  Toshiyuki Suzuki 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(6):1315-1321

In the Uranouchi Inlet, which has a commercial fishery of littleneck clam Ruditapes philippinarum, potentially toxigenic species of Dinophysis acuminata showed an annual occurrence except for the summer of 2000–2002. Relatively high abundances of D. acuminata were observed in April 2000 and November 2002. Some samples of D. acuminata cells, which were collected from the inlet in autumn 2002, contained pectenotoxin-2 (0.9–2.8 pg/cell) and okadaic acid (1.9–2.8 pg/cell). Cell length and hypotheca width of D. acuminata found in the Uranouchi Inlet were 33.7–45.0 and 21.0–31.6 μm, respectively. The length-width ratios ranged 1.21–1.71. Sequences of the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and flanking internal transcribed spacers, 1 and 2 of cells of D. acuminata from the inlet fell into a D. acuminata complex clade that included, D. acuminata-D. sacculus-D. acuta reported by others. In the inlet, occurrences of D. acuminata were detected within a broad water temperature range between 13.0 and 26.9°C, and those showing more than 25 cells/L were within 16.4–17.3°C for temperature and 27.6 and 34.1 for salinity. This is the first report that cells of Dinophysis acuminata from southern Japanese coastal waters contained okadaic acid and pectenotoxin-2.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization and gonad development of artificially produced interspecific hybrids of the abalones, Haliotis discus discus Reeve, Haliotis gigantea Gmelin and Haliotis madaka Habe     

Faruq Ahmed  Yasuyuki Koike  Carlos Augusto Strüssmann  Izumi Yamasaki  Masashi Yokota  & Seiichi Watanabe 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(5):532-541

Hybridization among abalone species has been suggested as a possible means to increase their growth rates for aquaculture. As a first step to test the usefulness of the hybrids of Japanese abalone species (Haliotis discus discus, Haliotis gigantea and Haliotis madaka) for aquaculture, we characterized the genetic background and gonad development of hybrids that were produced by artificial insemination. The hybrid status of the resulting offspring was confirmed by assaying 14 allozymes and by RFLP analysis of the 16s rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) regions of mtDNA using 13 restriction enzymes. Histological examination of the gonads of the hybrids was conducted in comparison with those of the parental species. Cross‐breeding among the three species was conducted successfully in all combinations although with lower fertilization rates (means of 1.3–60.8%) than the parental species (34.3–90%). Crosses between H. discus discus and H. madaka had higher fertilization rates (22.4–60.8%) than those involving H. gigantea (1.3–19.9%). The hybrids were ascertained by the presence of both parental genotypes at the LDH‐A, ME‐A, MDH‐A and GPI loci. The maternal origin of the hybrid mtDNA was confirmed by digestion with DdeI, TaqI, HpaII of the COI region. No polymorphism was observed in the 16S rRNA region. The hybrids had gonadal development and maturity stages similar to the parental species up to fully mature oocytes and sperm. They spawned upon stimulation and produced viable offspring with high fertilization rates and successful development to the juvenile stage in back‐ and homologous hybrid crosses.  相似文献   

The repeatability,reproducibility, and influencing factors of intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography in dogs without heart disease     

Hiroki Terukina  Tomoya Morita  Masahiro Yamasaki 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2023,64(2):337-344

Renal impairment is concurrent with adverse outcomes such as heart disease in humans and dogs. Intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography (IRD) is used to assess intrarenal hemodynamics, and resistance index (RI) and venous impedance index (VII) are used to evaluate intrarenal hemodynamics in humans with heart failure. However, only a few studies have assessed the efficacy of IRD, especially VII, in dogs, and the methods differ between studies. Additionally, repeatability, reproducibility, and factors influencing IRD values have not been validated in dogs. This prospective, analytical study aimed to assess repeatability and reproducibility of IRD, and to clarify influencing factors of IRD in dogs without heart disease. We enrolled 78 dogs without heart disease. The RI and VII were highly reproducible, and the reference intervals for VII were 0.13–0.37. Differences in transducer (sector and convex) and posture (right lateral and supine decubitus position) had no effect on the IRD values. In contrast, RI and VII were higher in the renal vessels than in interlobar vessels. Age affected RI values (r = 0.39, P < 0.001), but there was no correlation between age, body weight, and VII. In conclusion, IRD is a repeatable and reproducible method to assess intrarenal hemodynamics in dogs. The findings also suggest that age should be considered while interpreting RI.  相似文献   

Quantitative Contrast‐enhanced Ultrasonographic Assessment of Naturally Occurring Pancreatitis in Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

S.Y. Lim  K. Nakamura  K. Morishita  N. Sasaki  M. Murakami  T. Osuga  N. Yokoyama  H. Ohta  M. Yamasaki  M. Takiguchi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(1):71-78

Background

Quantitative contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in experimentally induced canine pancreatitis. However, its usefulness in detecting perfusion changes in naturally occurring pancreatitis is unclear.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To determine the feasibility of using CEUS to detect pancreatic and duodenal perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis.

Animals

Twenty‐three client‐owned dogs with pancreatitis, 12 healthy control dogs.

Methods

Dogs diagnosed with pancreatitis were prospectively included. CEUS of the pancreas and duodenum were performed. Time‐intensity curves were created from regions of interest in the pancreas and duodenum. Five perfusion parameters were obtained for statistical analyses: time to initial up‐slope, peak time (Tp), time to wash‐out (TTW), peak intensity (PI), and area under the curve (AUC).

Results

For the pancreas, Tp of the pancreatitis group was prolonged when compared to controls (62 ± 11 seconds versus 39 ± 13 seconds; P < .001). TTW also was prolonged but not significantly (268 ± 69 seconds versus 228 ± 47 seconds; P = .47). PI and AUC were increased when compared to controls (95 ± 15 versus 78 ± 13 MPV; P = .009 and 14,900 ± 3,400 versus 11,000 ± 2,800 MPV*s; P = .013, respectively). For the duodenum, PI and AUC were significantly increased in the pancreatitis group when compared to controls.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography can detect pancreatic perfusion changes in naturally occurring canine pancreatitis characterized by delayed peak with prolonged hyperechoic enhancement of the pancreas on CEUS. Additionally, duodenal perfusion changes secondary to pancreatitis were observed.  相似文献   

Mechanism of visceral fat reduction in Tsumura Suzuki obese, diabetes (TSOD) mice orally administered β-cryptoxanthin from Satsuma mandarin oranges (Citrus unshiu Marc)     

Takayanagi K  Morimoto S  Shirakura Y  Mukai K  Sugiyama T  Tokuji Y  Ohnishi M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(23):12342-12351

The carotenoid β-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX) is abundant in Satsuma mandarins (Citrus unshiu Marc). Several studies have shown a relationship between Satsuma mandarin consumption and a low risk of several diseases, for example, diabetes, gout, and hypertension, suggesting β-CRX involvement in disease prevention. We investigated the effect of β-CRX on mildly obese males. β-CRX administration reduced visceral adipose tissue, body weight, and abdominal circumference. However, the detailed mechanism by which β-CRX mediates these changes remains unknown. To identify this mechanism, we used an obese model mouse (TSOD). Oral β-CRX administration repressed body weight, abdominal adipose tissue weight, and serum lipid concentrations in TSOD; these results are identical to previous human trial results. β-CRX administration significantly repressed adipocyte hypertrophy. Gene expression analysis strongly indicated that β-CRX can alter cytokine secretion and cell proliferation. These results suggest that β-CRX derived from Satsuma mandarins can help prevent obesity by repressing hypertrophy of abdominal adipocytes.  相似文献   

Profiling of hepatic gene expression of mice fed with edible japanese mushrooms by DNA microarray analysis: comparison among Pleurotus ostreatus, Grifola frondosa, and Hypsizigus marmoreus     

Sato M  Tokuji Y  Yoneyama S  Fujii-Akiyama K  Kinoshita M  Ohnishi M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10723-10731

To compare and estimate the effects of dietary intake of three kinds of mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus, Grifola frondosa, and Hypsizigus marmoreus), mice were fed a diet containing 10-14% of each mushroom for 4 weeks. Triacylglycerol in the liver and plasma decreased and plasma cholesterol increased in the P. ostreatus-fed group compared with those in the control group. Cholesterol in the liver was lower in the G. frondosa-fed group than in the control group, but no changes were found in the H. marmoreus-fed group. DNA microarray analysis of the liver revealed differences of gene expression patterns among mushrooms. Ctp1a and Fabp families were upregulated in the P. ostreatus-fed group, which were considered to promote lipid transport and β-oxidation. In the G. frondosa-fed group, not only the gene involved in signal transduction of innate immunity via TLR3 and interferon but also virus resistance genes, such as Mx1, Rsad2, and Oas1, were upregulated.  相似文献   

Detection of anti-Babesia gibsoni heat shock protein 70 antibody and anti-canine heat shock protein 70 antibody in sera from Babesia gibsoni-infected dogs     

Yamasaki M  Ishida M  Nakamura K  Sasaki N  Murakami M  Kumara WR  Tamura Y  Lim SY  Ohta H  Takiguchi M 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,180(3-4):215-225

Antibodies that recognized either Babesia gibsoni or canine red blood cell (RBC) 70-kilodalton (kDa) protein were detected in serum from acutely and chronically B. gibsoni-infected. In those sera, antibodies that reacted with recombinant B. gibsoni and canine heat shock protein 70 (rBgHsp70 and rcHsp70) were detected; therefore, B. gibsoni and canine RBC 70-kDa proteins seemed to be BgHsp70 and cHsp70, respectively. In infected dogs, the amounts of these antibodies increased after infection. Interestingly, polyclonal antibody raised against rBgHsp70 in two rabbits reacted not only with rBgHsp70 but also with rcHsp70 and native cHsp70 from canine RBCs. Because BgHsp70 showed high homology with cHsp70 (70.8%), anti-rBgHsp70 antibody might cross-react with cHsp70. Additionally, the localizations of both BgHsp70 and cHsp70 were observed by indirect fluorescence assay. As a result, cHsp70 was not found on the membrane surface of erythrocytes, suggesting that erythrocytes would not be targets of anti-cHsp70 antibody. Meanwhile, only exoerythrocytic parasites were stained by anti-rBgHsp70 antibody. This result showed that BgHsp70 would be expressed on the surface of parasites during the exoerythrocytic stage. These results indicated that BgHsp70 was a highly immunogenic protein in canine B. gibsoni infection, and that exoerythrocytic parasites might be targets of anti-BgHsp70 antibody.  相似文献   

Thoracic mass in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis)     

Yamauchi H  Takai Y  Yamasaki H  Fukuda R 《Veterinary pathology》2011,48(4):E1-E5

A male cynomolgus macaque at the age of 3 years and 11 months suffered sudden cardiac arrest during a surgical operation. This animal had been clinically asymptomatic for 6 months from the acclimatization period to death. At necropsy, a white mass approximately 5 cm in diameter was found at the base of the heart. Histopathologically, the mass consisted of a granuloma with a number of multinucleated giant cells and multiple necrotic foci. Fungal hyphae characterized by parallel cell walls, distinct septa, and branching were observed in the lesion. The granuloma extended into the thoracic lymph nodes and the subepicardium of the left atrium, compressed the bronchioli, and was separated from the pulmonary parenchyma by a thick fibrous layer. The hyphal morphology and results of polymerase chain reaction assays demonstrated that the pathogen was Aspergillus sp.  相似文献