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31.
A new arylnaphthalene lignan, named furfuracin (1), was isolated from the leaves of Knema furfuracea (Myristicaceae), whereas 7 known compounds including (+)-trans-1,2-dihydrodehydroguaiaretic acid, fragransin A2, biochanin A, gingkolic acid, anarcardic acid, 2-hydroxy-6-(12-phenyldodecyl)-benzoic acid and 2-hydroxy-6-(12-phenyldodecen-8′Z-yl)-benzoic acid were obtained from its stems. The structure of the new lignan was established by analysis of spectroscopic data (UV, IR, MS and NMR). 相似文献
32.
Near-infrared spectroscopic sensing system for on-line milk quality assessment in a milking robot 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Masataka Kawasaki Shuso Kawamura Maki Tsukahara Shigeru Morita Michio Komiya Motoyasu Natsuga 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2008,63(1):22-robotics
A near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic sensing system was constructed on an experimental basis. This system enabled NIR spectra of raw milk to be obtained in an automatic milking system (milking robot system) over a wavelength range of 600–1050 nm. Calibration models for determining three major milk constituents (fat, protein and lactose), somatic cell count (SCC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) of unhomogenized milk were developed, and the precision and accuracy of the models were validated. The coefficient of determination (r2) and standard error of prediction (SEP) of the validation set for fat were 0.95 and 0.25%, respectively. The values of r2 and SEP for lactose were 0.83 and 0.26%, those for protein were 0.72 and 0.15%, those for SCC were 0.68 and 0.28 log SCC/mL, and those for MUN were 0.53 and 1.50 mg/dL, respectively. These results indicate that the NIR spectroscopic system can be used to assess milk quality in real-time in an automatic milking system. The system can provide dairy farmers with information on milk quality and physiological condition of an individual cow and, therefore, give them feedback control for optimizing dairy farm management. By using the system, dairy farmers will be able to produce high-quality milk and precision dairy farming will be realized. 相似文献
33.
Hiroshi Oikawa Yukihiko Matsuyama Masataka Satomi Yutaka Yano 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1180-1186
The accumulation of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin in the crab Charybdis japonica was investigated in Kure Bay, when a bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, in the same water, showed toxicity caused by PSP toxin. In 2005, 17 specimens of the crab had PSP toxin over 4 MU/g in the
hepatopancreas, and the highest toxicity was at 37.4 MU/g. Since the regulation limit of PSP for crab hepatopancreas was set
in 2004, this is the first observation of regulatory level of PSP toxin in C. japonica. Unlike in the hepatopancreas of the crab, the hazardous level of the toxin was not detected in the muscle of the cephalothorax
and the appendage. The toxin accumulation in the crab was also investigated by feeding toxic mussels to the crab. The crab
retained the toxin mainly in the hepatopancreas, and the ratio of retention in the crab was from 12.9 to 24.6%. The toxin
profiles, shown in the feeding experiments, suggest that the transformation of PSP toxin occurs in the crab because dcGTX2
and dcGTX3 was detected in all crab specimens despite the lack of these analogs in the mussels used as feed. 相似文献
34.
Masataka Izumi Yukari Sunohara Takuya Yamaguchi Yoshiharu Fujii Hiroshi Matsumoto 《Weed Biology and Management》2021,21(1):11-18
Isophorone (3,5,5‐trimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐one) is a plant‐derived volatile compound with strong phytotoxic activity. Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of isophorone, and to this end, the effects of isophorone on shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation of Lactuca sativa L. and photosynthetic electron transport activity in chloroplast isolated from Spinacia oleracea L. were investigated. Isophorone induced light‐independent decreases in shoot fresh weight and light‐dependent chlorosis. In addition, increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation occurred under light conditions. However, the inhibitory activity on photosynthetic electron transport was unexpectedly low, and electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation were induced even under dark conditions. These results suggest that the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport is not the main mechanism of action of isophorone and that the phytotoxic effects are mainly due to light‐independent oxidative damage and subsequent loss of cell membrane integrity. 相似文献
35.
36.
A sesquiterpene quinone, 5-Epi-smenospongine, promotes TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells 
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下载免费PDF全文 Eight sesquiterpene quinones: ilimaquinone (1), smenospongidine (3), smenospongiarine (5), smenospongine (7), and their corresponding 5-epimers 2, 4, 6, and 8, isolated from the Palauan marine sponge Hippospongia sp., were examined regarding their effects on TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. 5-Epi-smenospongine (8) promoted the production of TNF-α to a level three times greater than the control at 10 μM, but compounds 1–7 did not show apparent activity. The results suggest that the cis-decaline ring and a primary amine in the benzoquinone ring are necessary for activity. This is the first study to report the modulation of TNF-α production by a sesquiterpene quinone. 相似文献
37.
Yoriko Yokoo Takanori Nakano Masataka Nishikawa Hao Quan 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):763-768
Aeolian particles originating from arid areas in China, termed Kosa, are considered to be a major source of non-sea-salt Ca, a dominant base cation, in acid precipitation in northeastern Asia. We extracted evaporite minerals (halite, gypsum, and carbonate) from the surface soil collected at eight desert and loess areas in northern China with water and acetic acid. Most 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the extracted fractions fell in a restricted range (0.7115 ± 0.0015) and differed from those of bulk soils and acid-insoluble minerals (0.712–0.717). The selective dissolution of the soil carbonates in the atmosphere is consistent with two facts: (1) their 87Sr/86Sr ratios are close to the maximum 87Sr/86Sr ratios of spring precipitation in Japan, when Kosa activity is marked; and (2) their mole ratios of Mg/Ca (0.15) and Sr/Ca (0.001) are almost identical to those of precipitation in China and Japan when Kosa activity is marked. The 87Sr/86Sr, Mg/Ca, and Sr/Ca ratios in the acid-soluble components can be used as indexes of Kosa aerosols in the precipitation of the northwestern Pacific. 相似文献
38.
Maki Hideaki Utsumi Mao Koshikawa Hiroshi Hiwatari Takehiko Kohata Kunio Uchiyama Hiroo Suzuki Masahiro Noguchi Takuya Yamasaki Tomio Furuki Masakzu Watanabe Masataka 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2003,145(1-4):123-138
We performed a field experiment in thebiodegradation of heavy oil spilled from the Russian tankerNakhodka on a beach in the Sea of Japan. We collectedoil-contaminated cobbles and treated half with nitrogen andphosphorus slow-release fertilizers to stimulate microbialdegradation of the oil; the other half acted as unfertilizedcontrols. The cobbles were placed in porous acrylic vessels andsubmerged. We monitored changes in the oils, macronutrients,microbial community structure and amount of chlorophyll a. There were no significant differences in these criteriabetween the fertilized and unfertilized vessels, apart from anincrease in chlorophyll a in the fertilized vessels.However, there was a major intrinsic degradation of semi-volatile oil compounds in the unfertilized vessels; this occurred at a rate similar to that in the fertilized vessels, despite the low concentration of macronutrients in the seawater at the site. 相似文献
39.
Masataka IWANO Kohei SADAHIRO Takuya MARUO Shinpei KAWARAI Hideki KAYANUMA Kensuke ORITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):775
Carboplatin is used to treat certain cancers in dogs and cats and is routinely administered via intravenous drip (IVD). Subcutaneous (SC) administration has also been described. However, the toxicity, serum concentrations, and area under blood concentration-time curves (AUCs) of SC carboplatin are unknown. This study aimed to compare serum carboplatin concentrations in dogs after SC and IVD and to monitor any adverse events. In this crossover study, five dogs received SC or IV carboplatin (300 mg/m2). After a minimum of 3 weeks, each dog received the other treatment. No gross skin toxicity or abnormal clinical signs were observed in any of the dogs. Blood test abnormalities were detected in most dogs. Decreased neutrophil and platelet counts, and increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were found. There was no significant difference in the neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and CRP scores between the groups. Systemic toxicities of SC carboplatin were comparable to those of IVD carboplatin. The time to maximum carboplatin concentration after SC was longer than that after IVD (P<0.001). SC carboplatin remained in the serum longer than IVD carboplatin (P=0.008). The AUC of SC was less than that of IVD (P=0.002). The AUC and time taken to reach the maximum concentration of SC carboplatin were lower than those of IVD carboplatin. This study suggests that SC carboplatin may be an efficacious option for the treatment of tumors in dogs, particularly where IVD administration is challenging. 相似文献
40.
Watanabe M Cheng K Murayama Y Ueno K Asamizuya T Tanaka K Logothetis N 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6057):829-831
Although recent psychophysical studies indicate that visual awareness and top-down attention are two distinct processes, it is not clear how they are neurally dissociated in the visual system. Using a two-by-two factorial functional magnetic resonance imaging design with binocular suppression, we found that the visibility or invisibility of a visual target led to only nonsignificant blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) effects in the human primary visual cortex (V1). Directing attention toward and away from the target had much larger and robust effects across all study participants. The difference in the lower-level limit of BOLD activation between attention and awareness illustrates dissociated neural correlates of the two processes. Our results agree with previously reported V1 BOLD effects on attention, while they invite a reconsideration of the functional role of V1 in visual awareness. 相似文献