Microparticles containing gallic and ellagic acids for the biological control of bacterial diseases of kiwifruit plants     

Rossetti  Antonio  Mazzaglia  Angelo  Muganu  Massimo  Paolocci  Marco  Sguizzato  Maddalena  Esposito  Elisabetta  Cortesi  Rita  Balestra  Giorgio Mariano 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2017,124(6):563-575

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Over the last decades, kiwifruit cultivation has gained increasing importance all over the world, but some bacterial diseases seriously threaten its...  相似文献   

Constitutive expression of interferons in swine leukocytes     

Massimo Amadori  Antonio Cristiano  Maura Ferrari 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(1):64-247

Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-γ positive cells were revealed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) pigs. A low prevalence of IFN-γ positive cells was also detected in PBMC of some Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus-infected pigs and uninfected, control pigs. IFN-α positive cells showed phenotypes of both monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The presence of IFN-α in PBMC was also confirmed by Western blotting. By immunoprecipitation, IFN-α was detected as 32 and 55-57 kDa bands in PBMC of healthy SPF piglets. These samples were also IFN-γ positive; the cytokine was revealed as 24, 37 and 54 kDa bands. The unusual molecular mass values of intracellular interferons were probably due to oligomerization, as previously described for human IFN-α. Swine intracellular IFN-α displayed the expected antiviral activity on bovine MDBK cells. The results indicate that interferons are constitutively expressed in swine leukocytes with peculiar molecular features.  相似文献   

Soluble carbohydrates content in tomato pollen and its variations along and between blooming periods     

Carolina Carrizo García  Massimo Guarnieri  Ettore Pacini 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The soluble carbohydrates content in the mature (starchless) pollen of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cv. Platense was studied at several moments of the blooming period in two consecutive years. The aim of the analysis was to evaluate if the content of soluble carbohydrates is relatively constant or if it can fluctuate along the blooming period. No significant variations in pollen viability were recorded along each season. The soluble carbohydrates found and their concentrations can change significantly among samples, but the fluctuations observed did not follow a strongly definite pattern in any season. Reducing sugars predominated; small quantities of a phosphorylated sugar, UDP-glucose, and maltosaccharides were also recorded. The constant presence of maltosaccharides is a novel record for pollen. Sucrose was absent in one season, but present in the other, in low percentages in contrast to reducing sugars. Changes in the soluble carbohydrates content have been usually related with alterations in pollen fertility. However, there may be some flexibility in the metabolism of the pollen studied this time, at least within a certain range, which may allow constant adjustments to maintain acceptable levels of viability despite the variations in the carbohydrates concentrations.  相似文献   

Translating land cover/land use classifications to habitat taxonomies for landscape monitoring: a Mediterranean assessment   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Valeria Tomaselli  Panayotis Dimopoulos  Carmela Marangi  Athanasios S. Kallimanis  Maria Adamo  Cristina Tarantino  Maria Panitsa  Massimo Terzi  Giuseppe Veronico  Francesco Lovergine  Harini Nagendra  Richard Lucas  Paola Mairota  Caspar A. Mücher  Palma Blonda 《Landscape Ecology》2013,28(5):905-930

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Perspectives on the use of a seaweed extract to moderate the negative effects of alternate bearing in apple trees     

Francesco Spinelli  Giovanni Fiori  Massimo Noferini  Mattia Sprocatti  Guglielmo Costa 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):131-137

Summary

Alternate bearing is a serious problem in many apple varieties. In fact, each year, apple trees have to be thinned in order to ensure a correct and constant balance between the reproductive and vegetative tendencies of the plant. In organic fruit growing, there is no alternative to the expensive and time-consuming process of hand-thinning. Under these conditions, the use of natural bio-stimulants which enhance the efficiency of nutrient uptake, plant fitness to different pedoclimatic conditions, and plant tolerance to stress, offers new opportunities to reduce the negative effects of alternate bearing. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of Actiwave^®, a metabolic enhancer derived from the alga, Ascophillum nodosum, on ‘Fuji’ apple trees affected by experimentally-imposed alternate bearing. The experiments were carried in open field conditions over four consecutive years. Although the effect of Actiwave^® was erratic from year-to-year, the compound generally reduced those problems linked to alternate bearing. Actiwave^® had its most significant effect on alternate bearing plants that were also affected by nutrient deprivation due to the absence of fertilisation. In these trees,Actiwave^® decreased the oscillations in yield between “on” and “off” years and increased the average fruit weight on plants affected by too-high a crop load. Treated trees also showed higher leaf chlorophyll contents (increased by 12%), with a consequent increase in the rates of photosynthesis and respiration. On the other hand, under standard conditions, in well-fertilised balanced plants, Actiwave^® did not have any significant effect. This evidence corroborates the hypothesis that Actiwave^® may be a useful tool to reduce alternate bearing in organic and low-input farming.  相似文献   

Presence of Cocaine in the Tissues of the European Eel, Anguilla anguilla, Exposed to Environmental Cocaine Concentrations     

Anna Capaldo  Flaminia Gay  Massimo Maddaloni  Salvatore Valiante  Maria De Falco  Mauro Lenzi  Vincenza Laforgia 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(5):2137-2143

The presence of illicit drugs and their metabolites in surface waters has to be considered a new type of hazard, still unknown, for the aquatic ecosystem, due to the potent pharmacological activities of all the illicit drugs. Our research was therefore aimed at evaluating the impact of illicit drugs on the aquatic fauna, till now still undervalued. To this aim, we verified the ability of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla), a well-known biomonitor of environmental contamination, to bioaccumulate cocaine, one of the most abundant illicit drugs found in surface waters. Silver eels were exposed to a nominal cocaine concentration of 20?ng/l for 1?month; at the same time, control, carrier, and post-exposure recovery groups were made. Brains, gills, liver, kidney, muscle, gonads, spleen, digestive tract, and sections of dorsal skin were assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Cocaine was found in the tissues of the treated eels and, at low concentrations, in almost all tissues of post-exposure recovery eels. These results indicate that cocaine is able to accumulate into the eel tissues; its presence suggests potential risks for eels since cocaine could affect their physiology and contribute to their decline, and for humans consuming contaminated fish.  相似文献   

Epidemiological survey of Border disease virus among sheep from northern districts of Japan     

Giangaspero M  Ibata G  Savini G  Osawa T  Tatami S  Takagi E  Moriya H  Okura N  Kimura A  Harasawa R 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(12):1629-1633

The first epidemiological survey of Border disease virus (BDV) was undertaken in small ruminants in Japan. Ovine sera, collected from the northern prefectures of Hokkaido, Aomori and Iwate, were examined for the presence of antibodies against BDV using the neutralization peroxidase-linked antibody test. Twenty-nine (17.6%) of one hundred and sixty-five samples were seropositive for BDV. Results were specific, excluding cross-reactions with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Only one sample (0.6%) was positive for BVDV, and was negative for BDV. Despite serological evidence of virus circulation, there have been no clinical cases of border disease in sheep in Japan. Although no diagnostic measures were performed, the infection did not appear to be associated with a reduction in ewe fertility nor with lamb mortality.  相似文献   

Assessment of Vascular Perfusion Kinetics Using Contrast‐enhanced Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Prostatic Disease in Dogs     

M Vignoli  M Russo  G Catone  F Rossi  G Attanasi  R Terragni  JH Saunders  GCW England 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(2):209-213

Vascular perfusion was assessed in 10 dogs without prostatic abnormalities and 26 dogs with prostatic disease using contrast‐enhanced ultrasound. The time to reach peak contrast intensity (TTP) and peak perfusion intensity (PPI) were measured, and histological biopsies were collected from each dog. Biopsies confirmed normal prostate (n = 10), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 11), mixed benign pathology (n = 9), prostatitis (n = 1), prostatic malignancy [adenocarcinoma (n = 4); leiomyosarcoma (n = 1)]. In normal dogs, mean PPI was 16.8% ± 5.8 SD, and mean TTP was 33.6 ± 6.4 s. Benign conditions overall were not statistically different from normal dogs (p > 0.05); for benign prostatic hyperplasia, mean PPI was 16.9 ± 3.8%, and mean TTP was 26.2 ± 5.8 s; for mixed benign pathology mean PPI was 14.8 ± 7.8%, and mean TTP was 31.9 ± 9.7 s; for prostatitis, PPI was 14.2%, and TTP was 25.9 s. The malignant conditions overall had perfusion values that differed from the normal dogs (p < 0.05), although evaluation of the data for individual malignancies did not demonstrate a consistent trend; for adenocarcinomas, the PPI was numerically higher with a mean of 23.7 ± 1.9%, and the mean TTP was 26.9 ± 4.8 s, whilst for the dog with leiomyosarcoma values were numerically lower with a PPI of 14.1% and TTP of 41.3 s. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound appears to offer some ability to document differences in perfusion that may differentiate between malignant and benign lesions, although studies with larger numbers of animals are required to confirm this contention.  相似文献   

Comparative evaluation of PRRS virus infection in vaccinated and naïve pigs     

Silvia Dotti  Enrico Sossi  Francesco Salvini  Massimo Amadori 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):218-8204

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the time-course of the immune response to a field Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain in PRRS-naïve, untreated pigs, as well as in four groups of age and breed-matched pigs injected with a live attenuated PRRS vaccine, its adjuvant, an inactivated PRRS vaccine and an irrelevant, inactivated Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine, respectively. PRRSV infection was confirmed in all groups by PCR and antibody assays. The antibody response measured by ELISA took place earlier in pigs injected with the live attenuated vaccine, which also developed a much stronger serum-neutralizing antibody response to the vaccine strain. Yet, no clear protection was evidenced in terms of viremia against the field virus strain, which showed 11.1% nucleotide divergence in ORF7 from the vaccine strain. In vitro, the interferon (IFN)-γ response to PRRSV was almost absent on PVD 60 in all groups under study, whereas the prevalence of interleukin (IL)-10 responses to PRRSV was fairly high in PCV2-vaccinated animals, only. Results indicate that distinct patterns of immune response to a field PRRSV strain can be recognized in PRRS-vaccinated and naïve pigs, which probably underlies fundamental differences in the development and differentiation of PRRSV-specific immune effector cells.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of a paraverterbral nerve block versus local portal blocks for laparoscopic closure of the nephrosplenic space: A pilot study     

Massimo M. Delli-Rocili DVM  Nicola C. Cribb MA VetMB  DVSc  DACVS  Donald R. Trout DVM  PhD  DACVS  Jeffrey J. Thomason BA  MSc  PhD  Alexander Valverde DVM  DVSc  DACVAA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(5):1007-1014

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