CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE DEEP DIGITAL FLEXOR TENDON ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOPLASIA OF THE SUSTENTACULUM TALI IN A THOROUGHBRED COLT     

Olivier M.  Lepage  DMV  MSc  Renée  Léveillé  DMV  Luc  Breton  DMV  MSc  Marcel  Marcoux  DMV  MSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(5):384-386

An 11-month-old Thoroughbred colt was presented with a hard swelling at the proximal third of the right 4th metatarsal bone. A medial dislocation of the deep digital flexor tendon ( flexor digitorum profundus ) was also observed on the same leg. On the plantaroproximal-plantarodistal projection of the calcaneus, there was flattening and shortening of the sustentaculum tali. The smooth bony proliferation at the proximal third of the right 4th metatarus was compatible with a chronic splint bone fracture. This report describes a medial deep digital flexor dislocation associated with hypoplasia of the sustentaculum tali .  相似文献   

Comparative Evaluation of Two Surgical Scrub Preparations in Cattle     

ANDRÉ DESROCHERS DMV  MS    GUY ST-JEAN DMV  MS  Diplomate ACVS    DAVID E. ANDERSON DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    DONNA P. ROGERS BS  M.M. CHENGAPPA BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1996,25(4):336-341

One hundred seventeen cattle that had undergone surgery were assigned randomly to two preoperative skin preparation protocols. Group 1 (60 animals) skin preparation was with povidone-iodine soap and isopropyl alcohol, whereas group 2 (57 animals) had skin preparation with chlorhexidine gluconate and isopropyl alcohol. Quantitative microbial culture plates were used to estimate the number of colony forming units (CFUs) before skin preparation (prescrub), after skin preparation (postscrub), after surgery (postoperative), and in room air (environment). A significant decrease in CFU occurred postscrub for both skin preparations ( P <.05). Chlorhexidine and alcohol preparation resulted in significantly fewer CFUs (LSMean ± SE = 2.79 CFU ± 1.74) and a greater percentage reduction in CFUs (98.64%± 2.01) postscrub than povidone and alcohol (LSMean ± SE = 10.27 CFUs ± 1.51, 93.29%± 1.85); ( P <.005). Group 2 had a significantly higher frequency of negative cultures postscrub (49.1%) compared with group 1 (18.3%) ( P <.001). The number of postoperative CFUs were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. Wound infection frequency for clean surgical procedures was not significantly different between the two skin preparation protocols (group 1 = 9.8%, group 2 = 10.7%), however, infection frequency was significantly higher for surgical procedures with a ventral abdominal approach (5 of 14, 35.7%), compared with a flank approach (1 of 41, 2.4%) or other approaches (orthopedic procedures) (1 of 16, 6.3%) ( P <.05). Both skin preparation protocols were effective and safe in decreasing the skin microflora population of cattle before surgery and although preparation with chlorhexidine gluconate and alcohol resulted in less CFUs immediafly postscrub, the frequency of surgical wound infection was similar for both protocols.  相似文献   

Fungal isolation and identification in 21 cases of guttural pouch mycosis in horses (1998-2002)     

Ludwig A  Gatineau S  Reynaud MC  Cadoré JL  Bourdoiseau G 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):155-461

This aetiological study of guttural pouch mycosis (GPM) in the horse was based on the retrospective study of 21 horses brought into the National Veterinary School of Lyon (France) between 1998 and 2002. Biopsies were taken from the lesions caused by GPM during endoscopic examination. In 87% of the cases, direct examination gave positive results, whereas 43% of the cultures were found to be negative. The main fungi observed were Aspergillus fumigatus (in three cases), A. versicolor (in two cases, together with other fungi), and A. nidulans and A. niger (one case each). In six cases, the Aspergillus species could not be identified. In two cases, cleistothecia and/or Hulle cells were observed. In three cases, fungi other than Aspergillus were seen, mixed or not with Aspergillus. These results underline the importance of Aspergillus fumigatus in the development of GPM in horses.  相似文献   

Anterior amelia     

RM DeBowes DVM  MS  HW Leipold DMV  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1984,4(3):133-135

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A Study of the Oral Toxicity of Calcium Chloride in Dairy Cows          下载免费PDF全文

L. G. Mathieu  R. P. Pelletier 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1966,30(2):35-39

The effects of oral administration of calcium chloride solutions to dairy cows were studied. When a 0.3 per cent solution was given ad libitum, and as the sole source of water for a period of 75 days, we observed no significant changes in feed consumption, body weight or milk production. The average daily water intake was increased by approximately 20 per cent, and signs of slight gastro-intestinal irritation were seen. No major changes in blood hemoglobin levels, hematocrits, total and differential white cell counts or thrombocyte numbers could be attributed to the treatment. We observed no significant effect on the serum calcium, chloride, magnesium, potassium, or sodium content. The level of inorganic phosphate in the serum rose to higher, but still normal values. During the entire experiment the urine pH was abnormally acid for dairy cows. Electrocardiograms were taken after 45 days of calcium chloride administration, and they appeared normal. When 0.1 and 0.2 per cent solutions were given as the sole source of water for a period of 81 days, the cows remained in good condition, and we observed no changes in appetite, body weight or milk production. In general, dairy cows will refuse to drink calcium chloride solutions when the concentration exceeds 0.5 per cent, even when they have been deprived of water for 18-24 hours. On the other hand, since the administration of lower concentrations for periods of 75 and 81 days did not cause any clinical sign of disease, it seems that on farms where more than one source of water are usually available, poisoning of dairy cattle by calcium chloride in solution is quite unlikely.  相似文献   

Chicken anemia virus induced apoptosis: underlying molecular mechanisms   总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23  

Noteborn MH 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,98(2):89-94

In 1990, the chicken anemia virus (CAV) genome was cloned by us and proven to be representative for CAV isolates worldwide. This genome contains unique promoter/enhancer replication elements and genes. Upon infection of its target cells, CAV replicates via a double-stranded (ds) DNA intermediate. From this ds CAV molecule, a single mRNA is transcribed, which encodes for three distinct proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3 or apoptin. Its capsid contains only the VP1 protein. However, for the production of the neutralizing epitope, co-synthesis of VP1 and VP2 are needed. CAV genomes with mutations in the 12 bp insert of the promoter/enhancer region were shown to produce immunogenic functional CAV particles. Mutations in these and other regulatory elements of CAV might also decrease its virus load resulting in a reduced pathogenic effect. CAV causes fatal cytopathogenic effects in e.g. chicken thymocytes via apoptosis. Under in vitro conditions, CAV replicates only in transformed chicken cell lines, which indicates that at least a part of the CAV life-cycle requires transformed-like cellular events. In these transformed cell lines, the synthesis of the apoptin protein alone mimics the CAV-induced apoptosis, whereas the VP2 protein also harbors some apoptotic activity. Extensive studies on apoptin resulted in the characterization of domains essential for its apoptotic activity and nuclear localization, which seems to be related with its ability to induce apoptosis. Therefore, both VP2 and apoptin are of interest in reducing the pathogenicity of CAV infections. A series of biomedical studies on apoptin have been carried out in human cell systems, which are informative about the mechanism of CAV-induced apoptosis in chicken (transformed) cells. Synthesis of apoptin alone induces apoptosis in various human transformed and/or tumorigenic cell lines, but not in normal human diploid cells. A striking difference in the cellular localization of apoptin was observed in human normal diploid cells versus tumor cells. In all tumor cells, apoptin is located mainly in the heterochromatic regions of the nucleus, whereas in normal cells it is present in peri-nuclear structures. Apoptin contains a bipartite nuclear localization signal, and one domain that resemble a nuclear export signal. Elucidation of parts of the apoptin-induced apoptotic pathway revealed unique characteristics: apoptin-induced apoptosis is independent of the tumor suppressor p53. The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 does not inhibit but even accelerates apoptin-induced apoptosis in tumor cells, whereas over expression of Bcl-2 in normal cells has no effect on the apoptin activity. Upstream caspases are not involved, whereas downstream caspase 3 is, but seems not to be essential. A number of novel proteins were shown to interact with apoptin in transformed cells. Future studies of apoptin, VP2 and related cellular proteins in chicken cells will unravel the regulatory aspects of CAV-induced apoptosis.  相似文献   

Idiopathic prolapse of 1 uterine horn in a yearling filly          下载免费PDF全文

Schambourg MA  Spriet M  Piccot-Crézollet C  Vaillancourt D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2004,45(7):602-604

A yearling filly was presented for protrusion of a mass at the vulvar margins. A diagnosis of prolapse of the right uterine horn was made after vaginoscopy, transrectal palpation, and ultrasonography. It was confirmed later by biopsy of the tissue. Recovery was uneventful after easy replacement of the uterine horn.  相似文献   

Global mineralogical and aqueous mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data     

Bibring JP  Langevin Y  Mustard JF  Poulet F  Arvidson R  Gendrin A  Gondet B  Mangold N  Pinet P  Forget F  Berthé M  Bibring JP  Gendrin A  Gomez C  Gondet B  Jouglet D  Poulet F  Soufflot A  Vincendon M  Combes M  Drossart P  Encrenaz T  Fouchet T  Merchiorri R  Belluci G  Altieri F  Formisano V  Capaccioni F  Cerroni P  Coradini A  Fonti S  Korablev O  Kottsov V  Ignatiev N  Moroz V  Titov D  Zasova L  Loiseau D  Mangold N  Pinet P  Douté S  Schmitt B  Sotin C  Hauber E  Hoffmann H  Jaumann R  Keller U  Arvidson R  Mustard JF  Duxbury T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5772):400-404

Global mineralogical mapping of Mars by the Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activité (OMEGA) instrument on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft provides new information on Mars' geological and climatic history. Phyllosilicates formed by aqueous alteration very early in the planet's history (the "phyllocian" era) are found in the oldest terrains; sulfates were formed in a second era (the "theiikian" era) in an acidic environment. Beginning about 3.5 billion years ago, the last era (the "siderikian") is dominated by the formation of anhydrous ferric oxides in a slow superficial weathering, without liquid water playing a major role across the planet.  相似文献   

Tectonic uplift and Eastern Africa aridification   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Sepulchre P  Ramstein G  Fluteau F  Schuster M  Tiercelin JJ  Brunet M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5792):1419-1423

The history of Eastern African hominids has been linked to a progressive increase of open grassland during the past 8 million years. This trend was explained by global climatic processes, which do not account for the massive uplift of eastern African topography that occurred during this period. Atmosphere and biosphere simulations quantify the role played by these tectonic events. The reduced topographic barrier before 8 million years ago permitted a zonal circulation with associated moisture transport and strong precipitation. Our results suggest that the uplift itself led to a drastic reorganization of atmospheric circulation, engendering the strong aridification and paleoenvironmental changes suggested by the data.  相似文献   

A Biomechanical Comparison of Three Hybrid Linear‐Circular External Fixator Constructs     

Caleb C Hudson DVM  MS  Daniel D Lewis DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Alan R Cross DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Nicholas J Dunbar BSc  MaryBeth Horodyski EdD  ATC  LAT  Scott A Banks PhD  MS  Antonio Pozzi DMV  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2012,41(8):954-965

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