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排序方式: 共有189条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
101.
Magnus Larsson Matti Stendahl Anders Roos 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2016,31(8):777-787
This paper examines the potential of supply chain management (SCM) to address challenges associated with Swedish wood-based supply chains (SCs). Information drawn from a review of literature concerning SCM in the wood products industry is compared and contrasted with data obtained from a case study of an integrated sawmill SC in Northern Sweden, focusing on interviewed participants’ perceived needs and benefits of integrating SC operations. Key components of SCM for the wood products industry are suggested for categorizing the literature and results from the case study. Previous SCM studies have largely focused on solving planning problems by operational analysis, and/or SC strategies, while several important aspects including risk management, integrated performance indicators, power relations, leadership and culture have received relatively little attention. The interviews highlight needs to enhance SC actors’ coordination and communication, as well as for more systematic study of the potential for enhancing efficiency and profit margins in SCs of Swedish wood products. 相似文献
102.
A series of 11 pituitary tumors in budgerigars were classified on the basis of their clinical, gross, microscopic, and immunohistochemical characteristics. Affected birds were young to middle-aged. Clinically, neurologic signs--including difficulties flying, ataxia, and blindness--were most commonly reported. Additional clinical signs included weight loss, abnormal feathers or molting, increased respiratory efforts, and exophthalmos. Nine birds were diagnosed with chromophobic pituitary adenomas, and 2 birds had chromophobic pituitary carcinomas. Only 1 tumor was delimited to the pituitary gland; the other 10 variably invaded the brain, skull, and retrobulbar space. Distant metastases were identified in 2 birds. All tumors were immunohistochemically strongly positive for growth hormone, consistent with the diagnosis of somatotroph tumors. The common occurrence and early onset may suggest a genetic predisposition of budgerigars to develop somatotroph pituitary tumors with a high incidence of local invasion and with metastatic potential. 相似文献
103.
Hemmann K Raekallio M Kanerva K Hänninen L Pastell M Palviainen M Vainio O 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):97-102
Crib-biting is classified as an oral stereotypy, which may be initiated by stress susceptibility, management factors, genetic factors and gastrointestinal irritation. Ghrelin has been identified in the gastric mucosa and is involved in the control of food intake and reward, but its relationship to crib-biting is not yet known. The aim of this study was to examine the concentration and circadian variation of plasma ghrelin, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and β-endorphin in crib-biting horses and non-crib-biting controls. Plasma samples were collected every second hour for 24h in the daily environment of eight horses with stereotypic crib-biting and eight non-crib-biting controls. The crib-biting horses had significantly higher mean plasma ghrelin concentrations than the control horses. The circadian rhythm of cortisol was evident, indicating that the sampling protocol did not inhibit the circadian regulation in these horses. Crib-biting had no statistically significant effect on cortisol, ACTH or β-endorphin concentrations. The inter-individual variations in β-endorphin and ACTH were higher than the intra-individual differences, which made inter-individual comparisons difficult and complicated the interpretation of results. Further research is therefore needed to determine the relationship between crib-biting and ghrelin concentration. 相似文献
104.
The availability of human time and the factors affecting its allocation play an important role in the individual choices between
daily activities. It can be claimed that the allocation of time for various forest related (household or recreational) activities
provides one common yardstick to examine the significance of forest uses in the everyday life of ordinary people. This paper
examines the time allocation of ordinary Finns (aged 10 years or over) outside of their work or school hours to selected forest-related
small-scale activities derived from household needs or recreational purposes at the turn of the millennium (1999–2000), and
investigates the factors affecting the time spent on forest work performed by Finnish population outside of the labour market.
It was found that about 3% of total human available time was allocated in outdoor recreation or related activities. Spatially,
22% (52 h/person/year) of total time was allocated in forest-based, 23% in water-based and the rest in mixed environment-based
activities. The time spent on the consumptive nature-based recreation activities, including recreational fishing and leisure
time forest work, was 43 h corresponding 19% of total time of the activities studied. The estimated time spent on forest work
was higher than found in earlier studies. The amount of time used in forest work was highest among farmers, aged 60 and over,
pensioners and unemployed persons. An unexpectedly large proportion of time was spend in the fuelwood production and consumption
chain from forest to fireplace. The precise observations within the fixed time frame are the major advantages of the time-budget
method, which however demands substantial resources for implementation. 相似文献
105.
Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were either sham inoculated (control mice) or were inoculated intraperitoneally (IP) and intranasally (IN) with a single (sPCV mice) or multiple (mPCV mice) doses of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2). Four control mice and 4 sPCV mice were sacrificed 7, 14, 28, and 42 days postinoculation (PI). All 4 mPCV mice were sacrificed 42 days PI. In addition, 7-day and 14-day pregnant BALB/c mice were either sham inoculated (control mice) or were inoculated IP and IN with a single dose of PCV2. Newborn mice were euthanatized 1, 8, and 15 days after birth. Necropsies were performed on all euthanatized mice and tissues were collected for histopathology, electron microscopy, in situ hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCV2 replicated in 8-week-old BALB/c mice that were inoculated with PCV2 and caused fetal infection when inoculated into pregnant BALB/c mice at 7 days and 14 days of gestation. PCV was detected by in situ hybridization and PCR in sPCV mice on days 7, 14, 28, and 42 PI; in mPCV mice on day 42 PI; and in newborn mice from mothers inoculated with PCV at 7 days and 14 days of gestation at 1, 8, and 15 days after birth, but not in control mice. No clinical signs or gross lesions were found in sPCV or mPCV mice during the study. Microscopic lesions in sPCV mice and mPCV mice were characterized by expansion of germinal centers in lymphoid organs with large numbers of histiocytic cells and lymphoblasts, apoptosis of histiocytic cells in germinal centers, and mild lymphoid depletion of the paracortex. PCV nucleic acid was detected in the nuclei and cytoplasm of histiocytes and apoptotic cells in germinal centers in lymphoid tissues as well as in the nuclei of hepatocytes in the liver, in the nuclei of renal tubular epithelial cells, and in the cytoplasm of single lymphocytes in the thymus. Congenitally infected mice only had PCV nucleic acid detected in putative Kupffer cells in livers. 相似文献
106.
107.
108.
T V Baszler M Kiupel E S Williams B V Thomsen T Gidlewski D L Montgomery K I O'Rourke S M Hall 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(2):147-155
Two commercially available automated immunohistochemistry platforms, Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation Autostainer Universal Staining System, were compared for diagnosing sheep scrapie and cervid chronic wasting disease. Both automated platforms used the same antiprion protein monoclonal primary antibodies, but different platform-specific linker and amplification reagents and procedures. Duplicate sections of brainstem (at the level of the obex) and lymphoid tissue (retropharyngeal lymph node or tonsil) from the same tissue block were immunostained for the comparison. Examination of 1,020 tissues from 796 sheep revealed 100% concordance of results between the Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation platforms for diagnosing sheep scrapie from lymphoid tissue (103/103 positive; 405/405 negative) and brainstem (120/120 positive; 392/392 negative). Similarly, examination of 1,008 tissues from 504 white-tailed deer revealed 100% concordance between the Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation platforms for diagnosing chronic wasting disease from lymphoid tissue (104/104 positive; 400/400 negative) and brainstem (104/104 positive; 400/400 negative). Examination of 1,152 tissues from 482 mule deer revealed a concordance of 98.6% in lymphoid tissue and 99.9% in brainstem between the Ventana NexES and DakoCytomation platforms for diagnosing chronic wasting disease. The results indicate equivalence or near equivalence between the DakoCytomation and Ventana NexES autostainer platforms for identification of the disease-associated prion protein (PrPd)-positive and PrPd-negative brain and lymphoid tissues in sheep, white-tailed deer, and mule deer. 相似文献
109.
Susanne Heiska Olli-Pekka Tikkanen Matti Rousi Satu Turtola Veijo Tirkkonen Beat Meier Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,118(3):275-285
Eight Dark-leaved willow (Salix myrsinifolia) clones and two naturally hybridised clones (S. myrsinifolia × S. phylicifolia), that are considered to be suitable for herbal production, were cultivated for 2 years in Luikonlahti and Punkaharju. Both
experimental sites are located in eastern Finland and the distance between the sites is 140 km. Different cultivation methods
were used, including combinations of soil tillage, plastic mulch and fertilisation, with the aim of comparing the growth and
susceptibility of plants to pathogens and willow-eating herbivores amongst the clones cultivated by different methods. In
both study years 2001 and 2002, Melampsora rust-infected willows occurred in Luikonlahti and in Punkaharju. The extent of rust severity varied greatly between the years
and experimental areas and amongst the clones. In 2002, fertilisation increased rust severity in Luikonlahti, but the effect
was the converse in Punkaharju. Mulch effect on rust severity was clone-dependent. Vole feeding was observed in 56% of the
plants in Luikonlahti during the winter 2001–2002 and the frequency of damaged plants was nearly twice as much amongst the
willows grown in unmulched soil as those with plastic mulch. Cultivation method had no effect on feeding by leaf beetles or
the abundance of aphids. Of the cultivation methods tested here, plastic mulch seems to have the most important influence
on willow cultivation, particularly by improving willow growth and also by decreasing winter-feeding by voles. 相似文献
110.
Scott D Fitzgerald Ann E Duncan Chris Tabaka Michael M Garner April Dieter Matti Kiupel 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(1):150-153
This report describes the gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of ovarian dysgerminomas in two adult female mountain chicken frogs (Leptodactylusfallax) from the same zoological institution. One frog was found dead, and the other frog had been ill for several days with a bloated abdomen and lethargy. On necropsy, large, pale multilobulated masses replaced the left ovary in both frogs, and one frog also had numerous smaller nodules scattered throughout the coelomic viscera. Histologically, these masses were composed of sheets and cords of polyhedral discrete germ cells consistent with the diagnosis of dysgerminoma. Neoplastic cells stained positive with immunohistochemistry for Oct4, which has been reported to detect stem cells including germ cells in a variety of species, including humans. Ovarian tumors are uncommonly encountered in both reptiles and amphibians, and this report is the first report of dysgerminoma in any amphibian species. 相似文献