FLUORINE ACQUIRED BY MATURE DOG'S TEETH     

McClure FJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1942,95(2462):256-257

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A SYNDROME IN MACACUS RHESUS AFTER INOCULATION OF STOOL FROM CARRIERS OF POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS     

McClure GY 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1941,94(2439):307-308

A mild clinical syndrome in Macacus rhesus, accompanied by pathologic changes in the sensory portions of the vagus ganglia, intervertebral ganglia, and sometimes in the Gasserian ganglia is described. This syndrome occurred following intraperitoneal inoculation of fecal material obtained from contacts and from patients with infantile paralysis in an epidemic in a rural community. When intranasal as well as intraperitoneal inoculation was practiced, the olfactory bulbs were sometimes involved.  相似文献   

Effects of selenium source on measures of selenium status and immune function in horses     

Julia B. Montgomery  Jeffrey J. Wichtel  Maureen G. Wichtel  Mary A. McNiven  J T. McClure  Fred Markham  David W. Horohov 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2012,76(4):281-291

The effects of selenium (Se) supplementation and source on equine immune function have not been extensively studied. This study examined the effects of oral Se supplementation and Se source on aspects of innate and adaptive immunity in horses. Fifteen horses were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (5 horses/group): control, inorganic Se (sodium selenite), organic Se (Se yeast). Immune function tests performed included: lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogen concanavalin A, neutrophil phagocytosis, antibody production after rabies vaccination, relative cytokine gene expression in stimulated lymphocytes [interferon gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)], and neutrophils (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNFα). Plasma, red blood cell Se, and blood glutathione peroxidase activity were measured. Plasma and red blood cell Se were highest in horses in the organic Se group, compared with that of inorganic Se or control groups. Organic Se supplementation increased the relative lymphocyte expression of IL-5, compared with inorganic Se or no Se. Selenium supplementation increased relative neutrophil expression of IL-1 and IL-8. Other measures of immune function were unaffected. Dietary Se content and source appear to influence immune function in horses, including alterations in lymphocyte expression of IL-5, and neutrophil expression of IL-1 and IL-8.  相似文献   

Absence of bactericidal effect of focused shock waves on an in-vitro biofilm model of an implant     

Matthew S. Madron  Scott R. McClure  Ronald W. Griffith  Chong Wang 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2012,76(2):129-135

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bactericidal effect of shock waves (SWs) on gram-negative or gram-positive monocultured biofilms grown on an orthopedic implant in vitro. Cortical bone screws were individually cultured with Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus epidermidis to produce a biofilm. In each run of 8 screws, 6 screws were treated with shock waves and then sonicated to disrupt the biofilm. One screw was sonicated only and one was not shock waved or sonicated before sampling for plate count dilutions. Post-treatment serial dilutions and plate counts were done on an aliquot from the vial containing each screw to obtain the number of colony-forming units (CFUs). Shock waves were at a constant energy of 0.15 mJ/mm². Pulse number and screw orientation were varied. A linear mixed-effects model was used with “treatment” as a fixed effect and “run” as a random effect. Pairwise comparisons of treatments were performed with Tukey-Cramer’s adjustment for P-values. Sonicated plate counts were greater than nonsonicated counts for each run. When all sonicated screws were compared to all nonsonicated screws, the counts were significantly increased (P = 0.0091). For each paired comparison between sonicated and shock wave treatment, the only significant difference was in the S. epidermidis biofilm treated at 2000 pulses in a horizontal position, which increased the post-treatment count (P = 0.0445). No bactericidal effects were seen on monocultured biofilms on cortical bone screws treated with shock waves.  相似文献   

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia on beef farms and water sources within the vicinity of the farms on Prince Edward Island, Canada     

Budu-Amoako E  Greenwood SJ  Dixon BR  Barkema HW  McClure JT 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,184(1):1-9

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and assemblages of Giardia and species of Cryptosporidium on beef farms in Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, including the water sources associated with the farms, and to determine risk factors for infection of cattle with these parasites. Twenty beef farms were selected based on the presence of surface water < 500 m from the barn. Prevalence was determined by direct immunofluorescence microscopy, while genotyping and species determination were performed by nested-PCR and DNA sequencing. Giardia was detected in 42% (95% CI: 38-46%) of fecal samples from 100% farms while Cryptosporidium was detected in 17% (95% CI: 14-19%) of fecal samples from 80% of farms. The most predominant Giardia assemblage isolated was the livestock specific assemblage E (89%). The zoonotic assemblages A and B were found in 4 and 7% of the Giardia isolates that were genotyped, respectively. The Giardia assemblages were detected equally between the cows and calves examined. Overall, the most common Cryptosporidium species detected in this study was Cryptosporidium andersoni (49%), predominantly found in cattle >6 mo of age, while most Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium pestis (previously Cryptosporidium parvum ‘bovine genotype’) isolates were detected in calves ≤ 6 mo of age. All Cryptosporidium ryanae isolates (four) were found in calves. Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 14 and 93% of surface water samples of 14 farms, respectively. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in three (15%) ground water samples of 20 farms. One Cryptosporidium-positive water sample, which was the only surface water sample amenable to genotyping, contained C. parvum. The farm-level risk factors investigated in this study, age of animals and location of the farm, were not associated with the risk of infection in cattle with either Cryptosporidium spp. or Giardia duodenalis.We conclude that beef cattle are a potential reservoir of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis that could contaminate source water. There is the possibility of further transmission to humans on PEI if the source water is not properly treated prior to consumption.  相似文献   

RECOVERY OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE     

Mendenhall WL  McClure CW  Huntsinger M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1933,78(2030):482-483

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Characteristics of lambs fed concentrates or grazed on ryegrass to traditional or heavy slaughter weights. II. Wholesale cuts and tissue accretion     

Borton RJ  Loerch SC  McClure KE  Wulf DM 《Journal of animal science》2005,83(6):1345-1352

Targhee x Hampshire lambs (average BW 24 +/- 1 kg) were used to determine the effect of finishing on concentrate or by grazing ryegrass forage on slaughter weights of 52 kg (N) or 77 kg (H) on tissue accretion and lamb wholesale cutout. When fed to similar slaughter weights, the wholesale cuts of concentrate-fed lambs were heavier (P < 0.05) than the same cuts from forage-fed lambs; however, when expressed as a percentage of side weight, carcasses of forage-fed lambs had a higher (P < 0.001) percentage of leg than concentrate-fed lambs. Increasing slaughter weight from 52 to 77 kg resulted in a 1-kg increase in loin weight for lambs finished on concentrate and a 0.60-kg increase for lambs finished on forage (diet x slaughter weight, P < 0.03); however, the increased loin weight for lambs finished on concentrate was due largely to increased fat deposition. For lambs slaughtered at 77 kg, those finished on forage had more lean mass in the leg, loin, rack, and shoulder than those finished on concentrate, but lean mass in these cuts did not differ between diets for lambs slaughtered at 52 kg (diet x slaughter weight, P < 0.01). At the normal slaughter weight (52 kg), concentrate-fed lambs had 50% more dissectible fat than forage-fed lambs, whereas at the heavy slaughter weight, a 79% greater amount of dissectible fat was observed for concentrate- vs. forage-fed lambs (diet x slaughter weight, P < 0.001). Lean and fat accretion rates were higher (P < 0.001) for concentrate-fed lambs than for forage-fed lambs. The lean-to-fat ratio of forage-fed lambs was higher (P < 0.001) than that of concentrate-fed lambs; however, forage finishing decreased accretion rates of all tissues compared with concentrate feeding, and these differences between forage and concentrate feeding were magnified at heavier slaughter weights.  相似文献   

Osteochondrosis of the occipital condyles and atlanto-occipital dysplasia in a Belgian horse          下载免费PDF全文

Muirhead T  McClure JT  Bourque A  Pack L 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2003,44(12):984-986

A lesion in the cervical region of a 14-month-old Belgian gelding with severe ataxia was suspected. Necropsy revealed symmetric focal cartilage defects compatible with osteochondrosis of the occipital condyles and atlanto-occipital dysplasia. To our knowledge this is the first equine report of symmetrical osteochondrosis of the occipital condyles causing neurologic signs.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the E+V video image analysis system as a predictor of pork carcass meat yield   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

McClure EK  Scanga JA  Belk KE  Smith GC 《Journal of animal science》2003,81(5):1193-1201

This study was conducted to assess the ability of the VCS2001 (E+V, Oranienburg, Germany) video image analysis system to predict pork carcass composition. Pork carcasses (n = 278) were selected from a commercial packing plant to differ in weight, Fat-O-Meater (FOM) predicted percentage lean, and gender. Carcasses were imaged three times with the VCS2001, chilled overnight, and then sequentially fabricated into boneless subprimals. The VCS2001 accurately predicted the weight of total saleable product (R2 = 0.88, root mean square error [RMSE] = 1.84) and fat-corrected lean (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 1.66), but autocorrelation existed between dependent and independent variables. The VCS2001 was acceptably accurate and precise in predicting weights of bone-in ham (R2 = 0.83, RMSE = 0.80), bone-in loin (R2 = 0.74, RMSE = 1.17), loin lean (R2 = 0.77, RMSE = 0.82), belly (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 0.94), sparerib (R2 = 0.55, RMSE = 0.28), and boneless shoulder (R2 = 0.73, RMSE = 0.79). Weights were more accurately predicted than yields (as a percentage of hot carcass weight) of total saleable product (R2 = 0.47, RMSE = 1.97) or total fat-corrected lean (R2 = 0.44, RMSE = 1.89) using VCS2002, and it did not accurately predict percentages of bone-in ham (R2 = 0.45, RMSE = 1.13), ham lean (R2 = 0.32, RMSE = 1.46), bone-in loin (R2 = 0.29, RMSE = 1.36), loin lean (R2 = 0.56, RMSE = 0.90), belly (R2 = 0.43, RMSE = 1.08), sparerib (R2 = 0.08, RMSE = 0.32), or boneless shoulder (R2 = 0.30, RMSE = 0.88). New prediction models and equations were developed using VCS2001 output variables plus hot carcass weight to predict weight of total saleable product (R2 = 0.89, RMSE = 1.72) and fat-corrected lean (R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 1.55) with very minimal increases in accuracy and precision over that achieved using E+V-programmed models and equations. Use of new prediction models and equations marginally improved accuracy and precision of estimations of total saleable product yield (R2 = 0.56, RMSE = 1.81) and fat-corrected lean yield (R2 = 0.57, RMSE = 1.67) over that achieved using E+V-programmed models and equations. The VCS2001 was not able to predict pork carcass composition more accurately than existing technology; therefore, further development is needed to assure commercial viability of this instrument.  相似文献   

The write stuff     

JT FARAGHER 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(2):108-109

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