Evaluation of protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method for assessing protein quality of foods   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

G Sarwar  F E McDonough 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1990,73(3):347-356

The current concepts of protein quality evaluation were reviewed. A detailed examination of existing animal assays and more promising amino acid scoring methods has been carried out by an Ad Hoc Working Group on Protein Quality Measurement for the Codex Committee on Vegetable Proteins during the last 5 years. Several factors such as inadequacies of protein efficiency ratio (PER, the poorest test) and other animal assays, advancements made in standardizing methods for amino acid analysis and protein digestibility, availability of data on digestibility of protein and individual amino acids in a variety of foods, and reliability of human amino acid requirements and scoring patterns were evaluated. On the basis of this evaluation, amino acid score, corrected for true digestibility of protein, was recommended to be the most suitable routine method for predicting protein quality of foods for humans. Amino acid scores corrected for true digestibility of protein (as determined by rat balance method) were termed "protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores." A detailed method for the determination of the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score was proposed, and information about the range of scores to be expected in foods or food products was provided in the present investigation. The protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method is a simple and scientifically sound approach for routine evaluation of protein quality of foods. Accuracy of the method would, however, be confirmed after validation with growth or metabolic balance studies in humans.  相似文献   

Effect of fertilizer application based on soil test crop response approach on active and passive pools of soil organic matter in maize–wheat cropping system     

Ibajanai Kurbah  SP Dixit 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2020,66(6):858-871

ABSTRACT

A long-term fertilizer experiment was initiated in kharif 2007 in a maize–wheat sequence at the Experimental Farm of Department of Soil Science, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur under the network of All India Coordinated Research Project on Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) Correlation Studies. The experiment consisted of eight treatments (control, general recommended dose, soil test based, farmers’ practice, target yield of 25 (rabi)/30 (kharif) and 35 (rabi)/40 (kharif) q ha^?1 either with or without 5 t ha^?1 farm yard manure) replicated thrice in a randomized block design. All the passive and active pools of soil organic matter (SOM) were highest under STCR treatments for target yield 35 q ha^?1 + farmyard manure (FYM). The highest value of both humic and fulvic acids under STCR treatment for target yield 35 q ha^?1 with FYM was statistically at par with treatment for target yield 25 q ha^?1 with FYM. The R² value indicated that about 96% to 98% of the total variation in grain yield was attributable to SOM fractions. The contribution of all fractions of SOM towards the total variation in straw yield was 96% to 97%.  相似文献   

Evaluation of new leptospiral antigens for the diagnosis of equine leptospirosis: An approach using pan-genomic analysis,reverse vaccinology and antigenic selection     

Tiago J. Zilch  Jen-Jie Lee  Gustavo C. Bressan  Sean P. McDonough  Hussni O. Mohammed  Thomas J. Divers  Yung-Fu Chang 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(5):1025-1035

  相似文献   

Spinal cord nephroblastoma in dogs: 11 cases (1985-2007)     

Brewer DM  Cerda-Gonzalez S  Dewey CW  Diep AN  Van Horne K  McDonough SP 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(5):618-624

  相似文献   

Geochemistry. Meteoritic clues point chromium toward Earth's core     

McDonough WF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6023):1397-1398

  相似文献   

The obesity-associated FTO gene encodes a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent nucleic acid demethylase     

Gerken T  Girard CA  Tung YC  Webby CJ  Saudek V  Hewitson KS  Yeo GS  McDonough MA  Cunliffe S  McNeill LA  Galvanovskis J  Rorsman P  Robins P  Prieur X  Coll AP  Ma M  Jovanovic Z  Farooqi IS  Sedgwick B  Barroso I  Lindahl T  Ponting CP  Ashcroft FM  O'Rahilly S  Schofield CJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5855):1469-1472

Variants in the FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) gene are associated with increased body mass index in humans. Here, we show by bioinformatics analysis that FTO shares sequence motifs with Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases. We find that recombinant murine Fto catalyzes the Fe(II)- and 2OG-dependent demethylation of 3-methylthymine in single-stranded DNA, with concomitant production of succinate, formaldehyde, and carbon dioxide. Consistent with a potential role in nucleic acid demethylation, Fto localizes to the nucleus in transfected cells. Studies of wild-type mice indicate that Fto messenger RNA (mRNA) is most abundant in the brain, particularly in hypothalamic nuclei governing energy balance, and that Fto mRNA levels in the arcuate nucleus are regulated by feeding and fasting. Studies can now be directed toward determining the physiologically relevant FTO substrate and how nucleic acid methylation status is linked to increased fat mass.  相似文献   

Geophysics. Mapping the Earth's engine     

McDonough WF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5842):1177-1178

  相似文献   

Tumescent local anesthesia with ropivacaine in different concentrations in bitches undergoing mastectomy: plasma concentration and post‐operative analgesia     

Caio JX Abimussi  Thais M Menegheti  Juliana T Wagatsuma  Beatriz P Floriano  André MM Arruda  Paulo SP dos Santos  Valéria NLS Oliva 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(5):516-525

ObjectiveTo compare two concentrations of ropivacaine administered for tumescent local anesthesia (TLA) in dogs undergoing mastectomy.Study designProspective randomized clinical study.AnimalsSeventeen bitches of various breeds, aged 12 ± 2 years and weighing 10 ± 6.5 kg requiring total unilateral or bilateral mastectomy.MethodsDogs were premedicated with acepromazine (0.04 mg kg^?1) and morphine (0.4 mg kg^?1) intramuscularly. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (2.5 mg kg^?1) and midazolam (0.2 mg kg^?1) intravenously, followed by intubation and maintenance with isoflurane and TLA. Dogs were randomly allocated to receive TLA either with 0.1% ropivacaine (group G1) or with 0.05% ropivacaine (group G05). TLA was performed by insertion of a multihole needle under the skin and infusion of ropivacaine and lactated Ringer’s solution at a fixed volume of 15 mL kg^?1. Ropivacaine concentrations in arterial blood were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Post-operative pain was assessed using two scales (University of Melbourne pain scale and a modified composite measure pain scale) and von Frey filaments, 4 hours after TLA and at 1 hour intervals until sensitivity was regained. A score above 30% of the maximum possible score was considered a positive indicator of pain.ResultsPeak plasma concentrations of ropivacaine were measured 240 minutes after TLA in G1. Low concentrations were measured in G05 for 60 minutes, with subsequent increase. Analgesic rescue and return of sensitivity occurred at 7 ± 2.3 and 7 ± 1.9 hours (mean ± SD) after TLA for G1 and G05, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceTumescent local anesthesia with ropivacaine provided satisfactory post-operative analgesia that lasted for several hours, with no difference in duration between the concentrations. No serious side effects were attributed to TLA. Results indicated that 0.05% ropivacaine provided adequate analgesia for mastectomy, however, more studies are required to support this conclusion.  相似文献   

The use ofStreptococcus zymogenes for estimating tryptophan and methionine bioavailability in 17 foods     

Patricia Wells  Frank McDonough  C. E. Bodwell  Anthony Hitchens 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(1):121-127

As part of a cooperative study assessing amino acid bioavailability and/or protein quality, the provisional method of Boyneet al. (Brit J Nutr 21: 181–206) was used to assay 17 protein sources for methionine and tryptophan availability withS. zymogenes. Pronase was used as the predigesting enzyme. Product composition was found to affect reproducibility. The microbial assay results correlated positively with results from rat growth studies on the same foods (p=0.05), and were generally accurate in identifying products of lower protein quality. Defatting four high-fat products increased microbial values in the methionine assay, but only the chicken franks and the sausage values in the tryptophan assay. Heating non-fat milk increased methionine values slightly. Low values for rolled oats were further reduced by finer grinding.  相似文献   

Rat bioassays for methionine availability in 16 food sources     

F. E. McDonough  C. E. Bodwell  R. S. Staples  P. A. Wells 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1989,39(1):77-84

Methionine availabilities of 16 test proteins were assessed by comparing ten day rat growth response to the test diets and reference (casein) diets. In a preliminary study, various concentrations of methionine and cystine were fed to determine methionine requirements and effect of excess cystine. Results indicated a methionine requirement of about 550 mg per 100 g diet. Cystine had a sparing affect of 50–55%, i.e., about 300 mg could be used to meet methionine requirements. Further additions of cystine (up to 2.6 times methionine) did not affect rat growth. Methionine availabilities were excellent (88–100%) for 15 of the 16 test foods; only pinto beans (58%) were low, but prior evidence indicates that the poor growth response was due to some factor other than availability.  相似文献