Effect of kenaf and EFB fiber hybridization on physical and thermo-mechanical properties of PLA biocomposites     

Md. Saiful Islam  Irmawati Binti Ramli  M. R. Hasan  Md. Moynul Islam  Kh. Nurul Islam  Mahbub Hasan  Ahmad Saffian Harmaen 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(1):116-121

Kenaf/empty fruit bunch/polylactic acid (kenaf/EFB/PLA) hybrid biocomposites were prepared using hot press technique. The ratio of fiber to polylactic acid was set at 60:40 with 1:1 ratio between kenaf and empty fruit bunch fibers. Physical, mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid biocomposites were subsequently characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, tensile and water absorption tests. Test results indicated that mechanically stronger fiber was able to support the weaker fiber. Hybrid fiber biocomposite had higher crystallinity as compared to single fiber biocomposite. Water absorption of hybrid composite was higher as compared to single fiber composite. Thermal result revealed that hybridization of fiber was not significantly influence the thermal properties of composites. However, the presence of two different fibers proposed good wettability properties, which could reduce the formation of voids at the fibers-polymer interface and produce composites with high stiffness and strength.  相似文献   

Quantitative trait loci analysis for net ginning energy requirements in upland cotton (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium hirsutum</Emphasis> L.)     

Efrem Bechere  David D. Fang  Hirut Kebede  Robert G. HardinIV  Md. S. Islam  Ping Li  Jodi Scheffler 《Euphytica》2017,213(7):160

Cotton cultivars with reduced fiber-seed attachment force have the potential to be ginned faster with less energy. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for net ginning energy requirement (NGE), and its relationship with other fiber quality traits in upland cotton. Two cotton lines, TAM 182-34 ELS and AR 9317-26, with significant differences in NGE and fiber-seed attachment force, were crossed and 285 F₂ plants derived from a single F₁ plant were planted in the field and leaf samples collected for DNA marker analysis (Population A). Individual F₃ plants and the two parents were planted in replicated progeny rows. The cotton was ginned on a 10-saw laboratory gin stand. Electrical power used by the gin was measured and recorded with a Yokogawa CW121 power meter. Fiber quality attributes were measured using a high volume instrument. A total of 455 SSR marker loci were used to construct a linkage map. Two QTLs were identified for NGE on chromosomes 12 and 20, associated with markers CIR148 and DPL0600, explaining 14 and 8.8% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. NGE shared the same genomic region with fuzz percent on chromosome 12. Population B, consisting of 260 F₂ progeny from the reciprocal cross AR 9317-26 X TAM 182-34 ELS, was used to confirm these QTLs by analyzing SSR markers mapped on Chrs 12 and 20. These QTLs (qNGE-c12 and qNGE-c20) were confirmed and appeared stable. Further validation of significantly associated markers on different populations is necessary prior to implementation in marker-assisted selection.  相似文献   

Farmers' perceptions of and responses to environmental change in southwest coastal Bangladesh          下载免费PDF全文

Md Jahangir Kabir  Rob Cramb  Mohammad Alauddin  Christian Roth  Steven Crimp 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2017,58(3):362-378

Coastal Bangladesh is highly vulnerable to climate change and salinisation; hence, farm‐level adaptation is critically important. Farmers' perceptions of and responses to environmental change were investigated in two villages in Khulna District. Perceived environmental trends included increases in temperature, extreme weather events, soil toxicity, erratic rainfall and scarcity of water for irrigation. Perceptions of climate trends were consistent with measured trends in Khulna. On‐farm adaptation strategies included adjusting planting dates, excavating trenches in rice‐fields, adopting new crops, salinity‐reducing technologies, livestock‐rearing and home‐yard cropping. Non‐farm adaptation strategies included wage employment, short‐term migration and self‐employment. Adaptation was facilitated by income‐earning opportunities, training, and credit, and impeded by lack of access to water, markets, capital, and extension services. Farmers suggested policy support for dissemination of stress‐tolerant cultivars, access to irrigation, and price stabilisation or crop insurance to assist adaptation. While the study shows an impressive degree of awareness and adaptation, external support is needed to increase adaptive capacity.  相似文献   

Human and ecological risks of metals in soils under different land-use types in an urban environment of Bangladesh     

Md. Saiful ISLAM  Md. Kawser AHMED  Md. Habibullah Al-MAMUN  Dennis Wayne EATON 《土壤圈》2020,30(2):201-213

Trace metal contamination in soil is of great concern owing to its long persistence in the environment and toxicity to humans and other organisms.Concentrations of six potentially toxic trace metals,Cr,Ni,Cu,As,Cd,and Pb,in urban soils were measured in Dhaka City,Bangladesh.Soils from different land-use types,namely,agricultural field,park,playground,petrol station,metal workshop,brick field,burning sites,disposal sites of household waste,garment waste,electronic waste,and tannery wast,and construction waste demolishing sites,were investigated.The concentration ranges of Cr,Ni,Cu,As,Pb,and Cd in soils were 2.4–1258,8.3–1044,9.7–823,8.7–277,1.8–80,and 13–842 mg kg^-1,respectively.The concentrations of metals were subsequently used to establish hazard quotients(HQs)for the adult population.The metal HQs decreased in the order of As>Cr>Pb>Cd>Ni>Cu.Ingestion was the most vital exposure pathway of studied metals from soils followed by dermal contact and inhalation.The range of pollution load index(PLI)was 0.96–17,indicating severe contamination of soil by trace metals.Considering the comprehensive potential ecological risk(PER),soils from all land-use types showed considerable to very high ecological risks.The findings of this study revealed that in the urban area studied,soils of some land-use types were severely contaminated with trace metals.Thus,it is suggested that more attention should be paid to the potential health risks to the local inhabitants and ecological risk to the surrounding ecosystems.  相似文献   

Isolation and inhibitory effect of anti-<Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio</Emphasis> substances from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudoalteromonas</Emphasis> sp. A1-J11 isolated from the coastal sea water of Kagoshima Bay     

Carmelo S del Castillo  Md Iftekharul Wahid  Takeshi Yoshikawa  Taizo Sakaia 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(1):174-179

ABSTRACT:   Among several marine antagonistic bacteria isolated from the sea water of Kagoshima Bay, Pseudoalteromonas sp. A1-J11 was found to produce anti- Vibrio substances. The anti- Vibrio substances were extracted from the culture supernatant of the strain with chloroform and isolated using reverse-phase (Cosmosil 75C₁₈-OPN) column chromatography followed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (Mightysil RP-18 GP Aqua). Purified substances, designated as AVS-03 a , c and d showed similar ultraviolet absorption spectra with λ_max at 215, 235, 315 and 327 nm in methanol. AVS-03 d , the major anti- Vibrio substance, was thermostable up to 100°C and pH stable over a pH range higher than 4.0, and also showed strong inhibitory activities, specifically against Vibrio harveyi strains.  相似文献   

Dietary Protein Requirements of Juvenile Black Sea Bass,Centropristis striata     

Md. Shah Alam  Wade O. Watanabe  Patrick M. Carroll 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(5):656-663

A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating system to determine the dietary protein requirement for juvenile black sea bass. Six isocaloric diets were formulated to contain varying levels of crude protein (CP) ranging from 36 to 56% (36, 40, 44, 48, 52, and 56%) by substituting a mixture of carbohydrates and lipid for fish meal. The feeding experiment was carried out in 18‐75 L aquaria stocked at a density of 15 juveniles (initial average weight 6.7 g) per tank. Fish were fed test diets in triplicate tanks to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 wk. Whole‐body proximate composition was analyzed after the feeding trial. After the feeding trial, weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed the 44% CP diet were not significantly different from those fed the 48, 52, and 56% CP diets, but were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those fed the 36 and 40% CP diets. Feed conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were significantly affected by dietary protein level. The dietary requirement of protein for maximum growth of black sea bass juveniles, estimated using broken‐line regression analysis on weight gain, was 45.3% and maximum weight gain occurred at 52.6% based on polynomial regression analysis.  相似文献   

Diffusion tensor imaging-based quantitative analysis of the spinal cord in Pembroke Welsh Corgis with degenerative myelopathy     

Eiji NAITO  Kohei NAKATA  Hiroki SAKAI  Osamu YAMATO  Md Shafiqul ISLAM  Sadatoshi MAEDA  Hiroaki KAMISHINA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):199

Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the spinal cord. The diagnosis is based on the observation of clinical signs, genetic testing, and exclusion of other spinal cord diseases, and a definitive diagnosis of DM can only be confirmed by postmortem histopathological findings. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic ability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for DM. Eight DM-affected Pembroke Welsh Corgis, thirteen dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH), and six healthy control dogs were included. All dogs were scanned using a 3.0-T MRI system. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated for each intervertebral disk level slice between T8–T9 and L2–L3 intervertebral disk levels, and the entire area of the thoracolumbar spinal cord between T8–T9 and L2–L3 intervertebral disk levels (T8–L3 region). The ADC and FA values of the T8–L3 region were significantly lower in the DM group than in the IVDH group. The ADC values for the T8–L3 region had a moderate negative correlation with clinical duration (r_s= −0.723, P=0.043); however, the FA values of other intervertebral disk levels and T8–L3 region had no correlation with clinical durations. The measurement of DTI indices can be used to quantitatively assess neurodegeneration and may have diagnostic value for DM. In particular, the ADC value of the T8–L3 region may aid in making a non-invasive premortem diagnosis of DM.  相似文献   

Effects of the preservation medium and storage duration of domestic cat ovaries on the maturational and developmental competence of oocytes in vitro     

Takumi YOSHIDA  Md Emtiaj ALAM  Keisuke HANAFUSA  Yasunori TSUJIMOTO  Masaya TSUKAMOTO  Ryoji KANEGI  Toshio INABA  Kikuya SUGIURA  Shingo HATOYA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2022,68(2):160

We examined the effectiveness of saline, Euro-Collins solution (EC), and ET-Kyoto solution (ET-K) as preservation media for the cold storage of feline ovaries. Ovaries were maintained in these media at 4°C for 24, 48, or 72 h until oocyte retrieval. The ET-K group exhibited a higher oocyte maturation rate than the saline group after 72 h of storage. Moreover, ET-K could sustain the competence of the feline oocytes to cleave after 48 h, and the morula formation rate of the ET-K group was higher than that of the other groups after 24 and 48 h. Furthermore, the ET-K group exhibited a higher blastocyst formation rate than the other groups after storage for 24 h, and only ET-K retained the developmental competence in blastocysts after 48 h of storage. In addition, regarding the cell numbers of the blastocysts, there was no significant difference among the tested groups. In conclusion, our results indicate that ET-K is a suitable preservation medium for feline ovaries.  相似文献