Effects of dieldrin and sumithion on the amino acid nitrogen and proteins in the haemolymph of desert locust Schistocerca gregaria Forsk     

A.P. Kulkarni  K.N. Mehrotra 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1973,3(4):420-434

The changes in amino acid nitrogen, proline, and proteins in the haemolymph of desert locusts at different stages of dieldrin and sumithion posioning are reported using techniques of colorimetry, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Sephadex gel chromatography, and electro-gel chromatography.Both the insecticides did not alter amino acid nitrogen and proline titers during the initial stages of poisoning. However, drastic changes were noted at the later stages. In comparison to amino acid nitrogen, the depletion in proline content was of much higher magnitude. Initially the protein content of haemolymph depleted and increased significantly at the acute poisoning stage. Several changes in the electrophoregrams and protein elution profiles were noted in the haemolymph samples of treated insects. Many new proteins were detected in treated insects and their molecular weights, diffusion coefficients, and Stoke's radii are reported.These results are discussed in relation to current ideas of protein metabolism in insects. Further, a possible role of haemolymph proteins as insecticide carriers has been postulated.  相似文献   

Nucleotide sequence and vaccinia expression of the nucleoprotein of a highly virulent, neurotropic strain of Newcastle disease virus   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ward MD  Fuller FJ  Mehrotra Y  De Buysscher EV 《Avian diseases》2000,44(1):34-44

The nucleoprotein (NP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was selected to study the relative importance of an internal structural protein in the avian immune response. The NP gene of the virulent, neurotropic NDV Texas GB (TGB) strain was cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence data for the NP gene allowed comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences for the NP genes of NDV-TGB and the avirulent duck isolate NDV-D26. These comparisons demonstrated an 89% nucleotide sequence homology and a 97% homology between the deduced amino acid sequences. The NDV-TGB NP expressed in recombinant vaccinia virus (rVAC) was electrophoretically and immunologically identical to the wild-type NDV-TGB. Although inoculation of chickens with the recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the NDV NP gene elicited anti-NDV antibodies in higher titers than in birds inoculated with live LaSota NDV, this strong anti-NDV response did not protect against lethal challenge with NDV-TGB.  相似文献   

Genetic parameter estimates for reproductive traits in Chokla ewes of India     

Mehrotra  Arnav  Pannu  Urmila  Chopra  Ashish  Narula  H. K.  Singh  Harvinder  Patel  A. K. 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(5):2259-2264

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Early selection of ewes for better reproductive performance may reduce generation interval and increase genetic gains. Considering this, the present study...  相似文献   

beta-Lactam resistance and beta-lactamases in bacteria of animal origin     

Li XZ  Mehrotra M  Ghimire S  Adewoye L 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,121(3-4):197-214

beta-Lactams are among the most clinically important antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine. Bacterial resistance to beta-lactams has been increasingly observed in bacteria, including those of animal origin. The mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance include inaccessibility of the drugs to their target, target alterations and/or inactivation of the drugs by beta-lactamases. The latter contributes predominantly to beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. A variety of beta-lactamases have been identified in bacteria derived from food-producing and companion animals and may further serve as a reservoir for beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in humans. While this review mainly describes beta-lactamases from animal-derived Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., beta-lactamases from animal-derived Campylobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and other pathogens are also discussed. Of particular concern are the increasingly-isolated plasmid-encoded AmpC-type CMY and extended-spectrum CTX-M beta-lactamases, which mediate acquired resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactams. The genes encoding these enzymes often coexist with other antimicrobial resistance determinants and can also be associated with transposons/integrons, increasing the potential enrichment of multidrug resistant bacteria by multiple antimicrobial agents as well as dissemination of the resistance determinants among bacterial species. Characterization of beta-lactam-resistant animal-derived bacteria warrants further investigation of the type and distribution of beta-lactamases in bacteria of animal origin and their potential impact on human medicine.  相似文献   

Studies of uptake and toxic effects of NI (II) on Salvinia natans     

Asit K. Sen  Manisha Bhattacharyya 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,78(1-2):141-152

The uptake of Ni (II) and toxic effects of the metal on some biochemical parameters in Salvinia natans L. were studied. The uptake of Ni (II) by the plants gradually increased with increase in concentration of Ni (II) in the culture medium. Maximum accumulation of Ni (II) was noted within a day and maximum removal (about 90%) was recorded upto 20 Μg mL^?1 of Ni (II). Accumulation of the metal in roots (14.75 Μg mL^?1) is greater than that of shoots (5.25 Μg mL^?1). Ni (II)>10 Μg mL^?1 promoted senescence of Salvinia plants by decreasing chlorophylls, protein, amino acid, Hill activity, dry weight and by inducing necrosis. In the absence of other pollutants, Salvinia plants may be used for removal of Ni (II) from effluents and also as an indicator of Ni pollution.  相似文献   

Virulence assessment of Australian Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates     

Pao Theen See  Kefei Chen  Kalai A. Marathamuthu  Blake Wood  Nikki Schultz  Manisha Shankar  Caroline S. Moffat 《Plant pathology》2022,71(3):556-565

The virulence of 57 Australian isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr), a necrotrophic fungal pathogen responsible for the major wheat disease tan spot, was assessed through plant infection assays. Isolates collected from the northern, southern, and western wheat-cropping regions of Australia were evaluated against 16 Australian bread wheat cultivars under controlled growth conditions. Following infection, the wheat panel displayed varying disease symptoms ranging from tiny necrotic specks to spreading chlorotic and necrotic lesions. Analysis of variance indicated that the wheat cultivar exhibited a greater effect on the disease response, explaining 62.7% of the variation, in comparison to the isolate (10.4%). The interaction between the cultivar and the isolate was statistically significant and was attributed to 9.8% of the total variation. All Ptr isolates examined were able to cause disease, but did not display a clear distinction in virulence on the wheat panel investigated, instead showing subtle differences in aggressiveness. Based on the disease responses, there was no obvious pattern between isolate aggressiveness and cropping region. Some cultivars, such as Hydra, exhibited an effective level of resistance in relation to the panel of isolates tested. All 57 Ptr isolates were found to possess the ToxA effector gene and lack the ToxB effector gene. The gene expression level of ToxA was up-regulated at 3 days postinfection in both ToxA-sensitive and -insensitive cultivars, independent of ToxA–Tsn1 recognition.  相似文献   

HPTLC analysis of guggulsterone isomers in Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari: an endangered oleo-gum resin species heading towards extinction     

Alpana Kulhari  Arun Sheorayan  Navneet Saxena  Chander Mohan  Manisha Mangal  Ashok Chaudhury  Ashok K. Dhawan  Rajwant K. Kalia 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(3):1173-1180

The oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari, a pharmacologically important balsamiferous woody shrub, has been used in treating various ailments and disorders since ancient times (2000 B.C.) due to the presence of steroidal compound guggulsterone. Two bioactive isomers of guggulsterone, E and Z, are responsible for lipid- and cholesterol-lowering and anti-cancerous activities. Further, guggul has been approved as food supplement by US-FDA as well as Council of Europe. Indiscriminate harvest of C. wightii from wild with negligible conservation efforts has lead to its inclusion in IUCN assemblage of endangered plant species. For identification of high guggulsterone yielding ecotypes of C. wightii, using high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) analysis, stem samples were collected from 50 plants from eleven locations in arid tracts of Haryana, Gujarat and Rajasthan. Dried, powdered material was subjected to extraction with petroleum ether using soxhlet apparatus. Samples were spotted on precoated activated silica plates (60F-254) and were developed using toluene–acetone (9:1 v/v) as mobile phase. The analysis was carried out in the absorbance mode at 250 nm using HPTLC scanner. The regression analysis data for the calibration plots for E and Z guggulsterone showed good linear relationship with R² = 1 and 0.9897, respectively. Highest concentration of guggulsterone E (284 μg/g dry wt) was found in the accession collected from Palana, Bikaner whereas highest guggulsterone Z concentration (89.5 μg/g dry wt) was found in the accession collected from CAZRI, Jodhpur.  相似文献   

Interaction between CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> elevation and nitrogen metabolism in two varieties of Guar (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</Emphasis>) plants     

Sonali Mehrotra  Ashish Praveen  K. P. Tripathi  Nandita Singh 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2017,43(3):225-233

The aim of the experimental study is to analyse the consequence of carbon dioxide elevation on activity of nitrate reductase (NR; EC 1.6.6.1), nitrite reductase (NiR; EC 1.7.7.1), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT; EC 1.4.1.13) in leguminous Cyamopsis tetragonoloba leaves. Plants were exposed to different atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations 300 ppm (ambient) and 490 ppm (an elevated) conditions. A decrease in activity of Nitrate Reductase (NR), Nitrite Reductase (NiR), Glutamate Synthetase (GOGAT) was found in elevated condition when compared to ambient condition. Plant nitrogen on dry weight basis was found to decrease under elevation with no significant change in soil nitrogen. Soil pH was found to change significantly under elevation, thus showing a decline in pH and promoting soil acidiosis. Total plant fresh weight (FW) and total plant dry weight (DW), Leaf area/cm² were found increased in elevated condition. Thus, in Cyamopsis tetragonoloba plant it can be concluded that under carbon dioxide elevation Nitrate reductase, Nitrite reductase and Glutamate synthetase activity is suppressed due to a reduced amount of nitrate translocation and NADH availability for reduction in plant which is correlated with reduction in plant total nitrogen content where as plant growth and biomass is enhanced due to higher carbon fixation.  相似文献   

印度喜马拉雅库蒙地区阔叶林下草本植物的生物量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Geeta Kharkwal  Poonam Mehrotra  Yaswant S. Rawat 《林业研究》2010,21(3):355-360

在喜马拉雅库蒙地区（Kumaun Himalaya）中部的不同海拔高度设立研究地点,集中研究由白橡（Quercus leucotrichophora）、石斛（Quercus floribunda）、高山栎（Quercus semicarpifolia）组成的阔叶林下的草本植物群落动态及植物生物量。随着海拔高度的上升,3种森林的林分密度及生物量明显下降。在所有研究样地中,白橡林密度和生物量最大。在两个不同方位研究地,草本植物平均密度明显不同,表现为在西向坡地的草本植物密度较大。在各研究地点,总生物量随着海拔高度明显下降（p〈0.05）,且白橡树林的总生物量最高。  相似文献   

Studies on electrophoretic pattern of serum-proteins of buffaloes (Bos bubalis)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P N Mehrotra  M Singh 《Research in veterinary science》1968,9(6):593-595

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