Evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of blueberries and modelization by artificial neural networks     

Raquel P. F. Guiné  Susana Matos  Fernando J. Gonçalves  Daniela Costa  Mateus Mendes 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2018,18(2):199-214

ABSTRACT

The study aimed at evaluating the influence of different production conditions, conservation, and extraction procedures on the total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of blueberries by DPPH and ABTS methods. The production factors considered were origin, altitude of the farm location, and age of the bushes. The conservation conditions considered were freezing as opposed to the fresh product. The extraction procedures included two different solvents and two orders of extraction. The data analysis was carried out by training artificial neural networks to model the data and extract information from the model.

The results obtained revealed that the type of extract and the order of extraction influenced the concentrations of phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidant activity of the different samples studied. Also the origin of the farms from where the blueberries were harvested significantly influence those properties, showing that the blueberries from Oliveira do Hospital had less phenolic compounds and lower antioxidant activity. Also older bushes at higher altitudes seem to produce berries richer in these properties. Regarding conservation, no influence was observed for phenols but a slight influence could be detected for antioxidant activity.  相似文献   

Inheritance of the stay-green trait in tropical maize     

Pedro Radi Belícuas  Aurélio Mendes Aguiar  Dyeme Antonio Vieira Bento  Tassiano Marinho Maxwell Câmara  Cláudio Lopes de Souza Junior 《Euphytica》2014,198(2):163-173

Stay-green maize genotypes have been associated with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, including tolerance to drought, and to stalk and root lodging, but there is limited information on its inheritance. Thus, this research was conducted to study the inheritance of the stay-green trait using both conventional analysis and QTL mapping of the Design III in a tropical maize population developed from two inbred lines genetically divergent for this trait. Two-hundred and fifty F₂ plants were genotyped with 177 microsatellite markers, and their backcrossed progenies to both parental inbreds were evaluated at three locations. Ten plants per plot were assessed 120 days after sowing and the plot means scores for stay-green, adjusted for days to silking emergence, were used for analysis. The additive variance was larger than the dominance variance, the genetic by location interaction variance presented a high magnitude, and the heritability coefficient on a plant-basis a low magnitude. Seventeen QTL were mapped, most of them were clustered on four chromosomes and accounted for by 73.08 % of the genetic variance. About half of the QTL interacted with location, and the average level of dominance was partial dominance. The additive effects were larger than the dominance effects; the latter were not unidirectional, so that heterosis could not be exploited in crosses. Procedures for marker-assisted selection to increase the level of stay-green are discussed and an approach is suggested for using both stable and non-stable QTL in a marker-assisted backcross program.  相似文献   

Benefits of using the probiotic Efinol^®L during transportation of cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz), in the Amazon     

Levy Carvalho Gomes  Richard Philip Brinn  Jaydione Luiz Marcon  Lucelle Araújo Dantas  Franmir Rodrigues Brandão  Janessa Sampaio de Abreu  Paulo Evandro Mendes Lemos  Dawn Michelle McComb  & Bernardo Baldisserotto 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(2):157-165

The objective of this experiment was to test the probiotic Efinol^®L during transportation of cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz). For the transportation, fish were distributed in 18 plastic tanks, of which nine contained the Efinol^®L (10 mg L⁻¹; probiotic treatment) and the remaining had no probiotic (control treatment). Transport lasted 24 h and three different boxes of each treatment were sampled at 3, 12 and 24 h. Up to the 12-h sampling period, no significant difference in the survival was observed; on the other hand, survival was higher at the end of the transport (24 h) in the probiotic treatment. No significant difference was found in dissolved oxygen and temperature between treatments. Conductivity, pH and alkalinity increased along the transport, but without a difference between treatments. Ammonia increased in all treatments, although it was significantly lower in the probiotic group at 24 h. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in all transported fish when compared with the basal values. At 24 h, cortisol levels in control fish were significantly higher than those in the probiotic treatment. With the observed results, we are able to conclude that the probiotic Efinol^®L is efficient during cardinal transport, lowering the mortality and helping maintain water quality possibly by lowering metabolic wastes.  相似文献   

Broodstock conditioning of the Portuguese oyster (Crassostrea angulata,Lamarck, 1819): influence of different diets          下载免费PDF全文

Catarina Anjos  Teresa Baptista  Sandra Joaquim  Susana Mendes  Ana Margarete Matias  Paula Moura  Tiago Simões  Domitília Matias 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(7):3859-3878

The Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata shows great potential in oyster farming. The conservation of pure populations of this species is important for production diversification and biodiversity preservation. In this way, the zootechnological development for seed hatchery production is extremely important. Broodstock conditioning is a key step in the process of rearing bivalves in a hatchery. Many factors regulate the reproductive cycle, being food one of the most important ones. To evaluate the effect of different diets on C. angulata reproductive performance, broodstock were conditioned with different food regimes formulated fundamentally by flagellates (Diet 1 – Pavlova lutheri and Isochrysis galbana clone T‐ISO; Diet 2 – P. lutheri, T‐ISO and Skeletonema costatum) and constituted fundamentally by diatoms (Diet 3 – S. costatum and Chaetoceros calcitrans; Diet 4 – P. lutheri, S. costatum and C. calcitrans). During conditioning, samples of oysters were collected to evaluate condition index, gonadal development and biochemical composition. At the end of the conditioning period, oysters were induced to spawn to evaluate reproductive output (fecundity, fertilization rate and D‐larvae development). The diets had an impact on the gametogenesis process, energy storage and reproductive output performance, being the best results those obtained in broodstock fed with the diatoms‐predominant diets. However, those fed with diets majority flagellates had an unsuccessful performance. Holistic approaches incorporating all results in this study reveal and reinforce the idea that the diatom species used presented the nutritional requirements to C. angulata broodstock, being essential in the conditioning phase.  相似文献   

Filamentous Fungi Isolates of Contaminated Sediment in the Amazon Region with the Potential for Benzo(a)pyrene Degradation     

Hilton Marcelo de Lima Souza  Lara Durães Sette  Adolfo José da Mota  Joaquim Ferreira do Nascimento Neto  André Rodrigues  Tássio Brito de Oliveira  Fernando Mendes de Oliveira  Luiz Antônio de Oliveira  Hileia dos Santos Barroso  Sandra Patricia Zanotto 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(12):431

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Effects of single and mixed-diatom diets on growth,condition, and survival of larvae of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816)     

Gomes  Ana  Lourenço  Sílvia  Santos  Pedro M.  Raposo  Andreia  Mendes  Susana  Gonçalves  Sílvia C.  Ferreira  Susana M. F.  Pombo  Ana 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(3):1069-1090

Aquaculture International - The development of rearing protocols promoting the larval development, pre and post-metamorphosis are key for echinoculture. Mixed diets combining diatom with other...  相似文献   

Medium Light and Medium Roast Paper-Filtered Coffee Increased Antioxidant Capacity in Healthy Volunteers: Results of a Randomized Trial   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

TA Corrêa  MP Monteiro  TM Mendes  DM Oliveira  MM Rogero  CI Benites  CG Vinagre  BM Mioto  D Tarasoutchi  VL Tuda  LA César  EA Torres 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(3):277-282

We compared the effects of medium light roast (MLR) and medium roast (MR) paper-filtered coffee on antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in healthy volunteers. In a randomized crossover study, 20 volunteers consumed 482?±?61?ml/day of MLR or MR for four weeks. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), oxidized LDL and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity were measured at baseline and after the interventions. MLR had higher chlorogenic acids-(CGA; 334?mg/150?mL) and less caffeine (231?mg/150?ml) than MR had (210 and 244?mg/150?ml, respectively). MLR also had fewer Maillard reaction products (MRP) than MR had. Compared with baseline, subjects had an increase of 21 and 26?% in TAS, 13 and 13?% in CAT, 52 and 75?% in SOD, and 62 and 49?% in GPx after MLR and MR consumption (P?相似文献   

Hydrogen peroxide,iodine solution and methylene solution highly enhance the hatching rate of freshwater ornamental fish species     

João Chambel  Ricardo Costa  Mónica Gomes  Susana Mendes  Teresa Baptista  Rui Pedrosa 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(6):1743-1751

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrogen peroxide, iodine solution (PVP) and methylene blue on eggs disinfection of three ornamental fish species, Danio rerio, Pterophyllum scalare and Gymnocorymbus ternetzi. The main idea was to create conditions to enhance the hatching rates. Eggs of each species were exposed to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (5, 10, 15 and 25 mg/L), PVP (0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/L) and methylene blue (0.5 1, 2 and 3 mg/L). The optimal doses ranged between species and chemicals: for G. ternetzi, the concentrations that high enhanced the hatching rate were 1 mg/L for the PVP treatment, 25 mg/L for the hydrogen peroxide treatment and 3 mg/L for methylene blue treatment; for P. scalare, the best results were achieved with 25 mg/L for hydrogen peroxide treatment and 3 mg/L for methylene blue treatment. By contrast, for all the different chemical did not increased the D. rerio hatching rate. Results showed that hydrogen peroxide and methylene blue are the most versatile, effective and safe to use in these species. On the other hand, PVP can be used but with many precautions due to very low safety margin. Results clearly show that the optimal concentration of chemicals for eggs disinfection is fish species dependent and it is completely wrong to extrapolate concentrations between different chemicals and fish species. Our study suggests that P. scalare can be used as a model in study of effectiveness of new chemicals with potential to disinfect water and increase hatching rates.  相似文献   

Protein requirements of collared peccary (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pecari tajacu</Emphasis>)     

Rogério M. Borges  Alcester Mendes  Selene S. C. Nogueira  Jérôme Bindelle  Sérgio L. G. Nogueira-Filho 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(7):1353-1359

A nitrogen (N) balance digestion trial was conducted to determine the protein requirement of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu). In a 4 × 4 Latin square design, four captive adult male peccaries were fed four isoenergy diets containing four different levels of N (11.7, 16.3, 22.8, and 26.7 g N/kg of dry matter—DM). After 15 days of adaptation, a total collection of feces and urine was carried out for five consecutive days. Regression analyses between N intake and N in feces and urine allowed to calculate the metabolic fecal nitrogen (MFN = 2.3 g N/kg of dry matter intake—DMI) and daily endogenous urinary N (EUN = 185 mg N/kg^0.75). Likewise, by regression analyses between consumption of nitrogen and the nitrogen balance (NB = N ingested ? N excreted, mg N/kg^0.75), a daily requirement of 514 mg N/kg^0.75 was calculated. Therefore, if food intake is unrestricted, collared peccaries require a minimum in their diet of about 5.4% crude protein on DM basis. These values are almost as low as those found for browsing and frugivorous wild ruminants, which reinforce the proposition that peccaries’ digestive physiology is nearer to that of domestic and wild ruminants than domestic pigs. This relatively low protein requirement of collared peccary and its great ability to digest protein reveal the relevance of the forestomach for the species on nitrogen/protein metabolism and allow the use of diets with lower crude protein levels than the commercial ones used for the domestic pig, which reduces feed costs.  相似文献   

Reduction in susceptibility to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in transgenic Citrus sinensis expressing the rice Xa21 gene     

B. M. J. Mendes  S. C. Cardoso  R. L. Boscariol-Camargo  R. B. Cruz  F. A. A. Mourão Filho  A. Bergamin Filho 《Plant pathology》2010,59(1):68-75

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