西瓜（Citrullus lanatus）基因目录（上）     

Bill Rhodes Fenny Dane 《中国西瓜甜瓜》2001,(3):38-39

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Reduced blood flow to peripheral and core body tissues in sheep and cattle induced by endophyte-infected tall fescue   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M T Rhodes  J A Paterson  M S Kerley  H E Garner  M H Laughlin 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(5):2033-2043

Four wethers and 14 steers (environmentally heat stressed, 32 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) were evaluated for changes in blood flow induced by endophyte-infected tall fescue. Concentration of the ergopeptide ergovaline was used as an indicator of diet toxicity due to the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum. Blood flow to specific tissues was measured using radiolabeled microspheres. Wethers received one of two dietary treatments for 30 d before determination of tissue blood flow: 1) a low-endophyte diet (less than .05 ppm ergovaline) or 2) a high-endophyte (1.18 ppm ergovaline) diet. Blood flows to the adrenal glands and skin covering the inner hind leg were less (P less than .10) in wethers consuming the high-endophyte diet than in those consuming the low-endophyte diet. Tissue blood flows in steers were determined on two occasions: 1) after steers had received a low- (less than .01 ppm ergovaline) or high-endophyte (.52 ppm ergovaline) fescue diet for 14 d and 2) 8 d after steers had been switched to a common, fescue-free diet. Blood flows to skin covering the ribs, cerebellum of the brain, duodenum, and colon were less (P less than .10) in steers consuming the high-endophyte diet. However, 8 d after consuming fescue-free diets, steers that had previously consumed the high-endophyte diet had greater (P = .08) blood flow to the coronary bands of the front hooves than steers that had consumed the low-endophyte diet. Blood flows to all other tissues were similar between treatments. We inferred from these experiments that the toxin(s) associated with endophyte-infected tall fescue caused decreased blood flow to peripheral and core body tissues and that this effect was abated within 8 d of removing the toxin(s).  相似文献   

The cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine in dogs with and without prior or concurrent administration of glycopyrrolate     

Melissa D Sinclair DVM  DVSc  Dipl ACVA    Wayne N McDonell DVM  PhD  DVA  Dipl ACVA    Mike O'Grady DVM  MSc  Dipl ACVIM    Glenn Pettifer† DVM  DVSc  Dipl ACVA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(1):1-13

Objective To determine the electrocardiographic and cardiopulmonary effects of romifidine with and without prior or concurrent administration of glycopyrrolate. Study design Randomized crossover experimental study. Animals Six (three male, three female) cross‐bred dogs weighing 23 ± 2.4 kg. Methods Baseline cardiopulmonary measurements were obtained in conscious dogs and one of five treatments was administered. Glycopyrrolate (G) 0.01 mg kg^?1, or saline (S) 0.5 mL, were administered IM as premedication (Gp or Sp), or G was administered concurrently (Gc) with romifidine (RO). Treatments were as follows T1, Sp + RO 40 µg kg^?1; T2, Gp + RO (40 µg kg^?1); T3, Sp + RO 120 µg kg^?1; T4, Gp + RO (120 µg kg^?1); T5, Sp + Gc + RO (120 µg kg^?1). Romifidine or RO + Gc was administered subcutaneously 20 minutes after premedication (time 0), and further measurements were taken 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after RO. The main treatment effect was evaluated using two‐way anova for repeated measures, followed by one‐way anova and a post‐hoc least squares difference test with a modified Bonferroni correction (p < 0.02). A Student's t‐test was used to compare the effect of romifidine at 20 and 60 minutes versus baseline values (p < 0.05). Results Both low‐ and high‐dose RO (T1, T3) significantly decreased heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index, and increased arterial blood pressure (SAP), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP) and central venous pressure. High‐dose RO produced greater increases in SVR and SAP measurements. Neither dose of RO produced an alteration in blood gas values or the alveolar to arterial oxygen gradient. Glycopyrrolate significantly increased HR and CI from 10 to 90 minutes between T1/T2 and T3/T4. Increases in SAP were dose related with significant differences between T1/T3 and T2/T4 at 90 and 10 minutes, respectively, and were highest in animals receiving Gp or Gc. High‐dose RO groups (T3, T4) had higher values for SVR than low‐dose RO groups (T1, T2), unrelated to G administration. There was an increase in PAOP in all treatments. The oxygen extraction ratio was increased with all treatments: larger increases were observed in T1, T3 and T4 compared with only minimal changes in T2. Concurrent G administration was associated with an increased frequency of high‐grade second‐degree atrioventricular heart block with variable conduction at 10 and 20 minutes. Conclusions Romifidine produced effects consistent with other selective α₂‐adrenoreceptor agonists. Glycopyrrolate offset the decrease in HR and partially offset the decrease in CI associated with RO administration. Glycopyrrolate premedication produced an initial tachycardia and added to the increase in SAP associated with RO. Concurrent G administration was associated with a higher frequency of dysrhythmias and is not recommended. Despite the decrease in RR, RO sedation did not alter blood gas values. Clinical relevance It appears likely that G administration prior to or concurrent with RO produces an increase in myocardial workload and oxygen demand suggesting that this combination should not be used in dogs with cardiomyopathy or heart failure. The improvement in oxygen extraction ratio with T2 suggests that G may be beneficial with lower doses of RO, nevertheless, the use of G and RO in cardiovascularly compromised patients is not advised.  相似文献   

饲槽和饮水器设计对生长肥育猪生产性能和耗水量的影响     

Mike Brumm 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2002,(5)

若要了解生长肥育猪生产的巨大进展,只需看一下表1所列1982～2002年美国内布拉斯加大学一个猪研究中心内猪生产性能的差别就行了.1982年和2001年,猪都养在同样的部分条缝地板猪舍内,并且都喂给粉状的玉米-豆粕日粮.  相似文献   

Thresholds in forest bird richness in response to three types of forest cover in Ontario,Canada     

Sonya Richmond  Eva Jenkins  Andrew Couturier  Mike Cadman 《Landscape Ecology》2015,30(7):1273-1290

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Self-compatibility and heterosis in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)     

T.P.T. Michaelson-Yeates  A. Marshall  M.T. Abberton  I. Rhodes 《Euphytica》1997,94(3):341-348

Inbred lines of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) have been produced utilising the rare self-fertility (Sf) allele. Twenty-two lines of four distinct groups have been maintained through five generations of selfing by single seed descent. Fourteen lines were used in crosses to produce F¹s. Both parents and hybrids were analysed for a range of morphological characters. Positive heterosis for dry matter production was observed in half the hybrids. No other trait showed significant heterosis. The degree of heterosis appears to be related to the extent of variation in morphological characters between the parental lines, some combinations of lines yielding heterotic hybrids in all cases, others in none. The majority of the F¹ hybrids are superior in terms of dry matter production to eight control varieties. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Aerosol and precipitation chemistry relationships at big bend national park     

Michele R. Derrick  Jarvis L. Moyers  Keith A. Yarborough  Mike Warren 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1984,21(1-4):171-181

Aerosol chemistry, precipitation and visibility parameters are currently being measured at Big Bend National Park in Texas. This is part of a large-scale air resource evaluation program which the National Park Service is sponsoring in several southwestern national parks and monuments to determine the potential impact of local and distant pollutant sources on the environmental quality within these areas. Analysis of aerosol samples collected at six sites in the Southwest indicates that soil-derived components, organic materials and the acid-base ions of sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium are the major constituents of suspended airborne particulate matter in the remote areas of the arid region. Comparison of particulate matter chemistry and precipitation chemistry data at Big Bend National Park shows consistent features which indicate that the airborne alkaline soil material and NH₃ largely neutralize the atmospheric acidic species of H₂SO₄ and HNO₃. Given the similarity of the particulate matter composition and loading at the other monitoring sites, it is suggested that the trace chemical composition of precipitation will be similar in many remote regions of the Southwest.  相似文献   

Structural biology. Getting DNA to unwind     

Georgescu RE  O'Donnell M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5842):1181-1182

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A map of the interactome network of the metazoan C. elegans   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li S  Armstrong CM  Bertin N  Ge H  Milstein S  Boxem M  Vidalain PO  Han JD  Chesneau A  Hao T  Goldberg DS  Li N  Martinez M  Rual JF  Lamesch P  Xu L  Tewari M  Wong SL  Zhang LV  Berriz GF  Jacotot L  Vaglio P  Reboul J  Hirozane-Kishikawa T  Li Q  Gabel HW  Elewa A  Baumgartner B  Rose DJ  Yu H  Bosak S  Sequerra R  Fraser A  Mango SE  Saxton WM  Strome S  Van Den Heuvel S  Piano F  Vandenhaute J  Sardet C  Gerstein M  Doucette-Stamm L  Gunsalus KC  Harper JW  Cusick ME  Roth FP  Hill DE  Vidal M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5657):540-543

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Disruption of the mauna loa magma system by the 1868 hawaiian earthquake: geochemical evidence     

Tilling RI  Rhodes JM  Sparks JW  Lockwood JP  Lipman PW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4785):196-199

To test whether a catastrophic earthquake could affect an active magma system, mean abundances (adjusted for "olivine control") of titanium, potassium, phosphorus, strontium, zirconium, and niobium of historic lavas erupted from Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii, after 1868 were analyzed and were found to decrease sharply relative to lavas erupted before 1868. This abrupt change in lava chemistry, accompanied by a halved lava-production rate for Mauna Loa after 1877, is interpreted to reflect the disruptive effects of a magnitude 7.5 earthquake in 1868. This interpretation represents a documentable case of changes in magmatic chemical variations initiated or accelerated by a major tectonic event.  相似文献