Estimation of kelp forest, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laminaria</Emphasis> spp., distributions in coastal waters of the Shiretoko Peninsula,Hokkaido, Japan,using echosounder and geostatistical analysis     

Kenji Minami  Hiroki Yasuma  Naoki Tojo  Shin-ichi Fukui  Yusuke Ito  Takahiro Nobetsu  Kazushi Miyashita 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):729-736

Sustainable management of the kelp forests of the Shiretoko Peninsula, a World Natural Heritage site, is necessary due to kelp’s ecological and economic importance. The objectives of this study were to estimate the area of kelp forests and to clarify their spatial characteristics in coastal waters of the Shiretoko Peninsula. Data on the presence/absence and thickness of kelp forests were collected via acoustic observation on transects over about 80 km using an echosounder at 200 kHz. Acoustic data were geostatistically interpolated, and the areas covered by kelp forests were estimated. Differences in kelp distribution between the eastern and western sides of the peninsula were compared. The total area of kelp forest was 3.88 km² (eastern area: 3.49 km²; western area: 0.39 km²). The range of thickness of the kelp forests was 34–91 cm. Many kelp forests in the eastern area were thick (>78 cm) and distributed continuously, while kelp forests in the western area were sparsely distributed.  相似文献   

The importance of environment and life stage on interpretation of silky shark relative abundance indices for the equatorial Pacific Ocean     

Cleridy E. Lennert‐Cody  Shelley C. Clarke  Alexandre Aires‐da‐Silva  Mark N. Maunder  Peter J. S. Franks  Marlon Romn  Arthur J. Miller  Mihoko Minami 《Fisheries Oceanography》2019,28(1):43-53

Recent large fluctuations in an index of relative abundance for the silky shark in the eastern Pacific Ocean have called into question its reliability as a population indicator for management. To investigate whether these fluctuations were driven by environmental forcing rather than true changes in abundance, a Pacific‐wide approach was taken. Data collected by observers aboard purse‐seine vessels fishing in the equatorial Pacific were used to compute standardized trends in relative abundance by region, and where possible, by shark size category as a proxy for life stage. These indices were compared to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), an index of Pacific Ocean climate variability. Correlation between silky indices and the PDO was found to differ by region and size category. The highest correlations by shark size category were for small (<90 cm total length [TL]) and medium (90–150 cm TL) sharks from the western region of the equatorial eastern Pacific (EP) and from the equatorial western Pacific. This correlation disappeared in the inshore EP. Throughout, correlations with the PDO were generally lower for large silky sharks (>150 cm TL). These results are suggestive of changes in the small and medium silky indices being driven by movement of juvenile silky sharks across the Pacific as the eastern edge of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool shifts location with ENSO events. Lower correlation of the PDO with large shark indices may indicate that those indices were less influenced by environmental forcing and therefore potentially less biased with respect to monitoring population trends.  相似文献   

Normalization using ploidy and genomic DNA copy number allows absolute quantification of transcripts,proteins and metabolites in cells     

Hiroshi Shimada  Takeshi Obayashi  Naoki Takahashi  Minami Matsui  Atsushi Sakamoto 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):29

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Methods for measuring N2O flux from water surface and N2O dissolved in water from agricultural land     

Katsuyuki Minami  Sadao Fukushi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):495-502

A new chamber method and a stripping method were developed for field measurements of the rate of N₂O emission from the water surface and for determinations of dissolved N₂O in water from agricultural land.

These methods were used for the measurement of drainage canal water and flooded water of rice fields during the period of June 1982 to January 1983. The results demonstrate that aquatic systems of agricultural land may provide both source and sink for atmospheric N₂O.  相似文献   

基于遗传算法的农业移动机器人视觉导航方法     

高峰  李艳  见浪護  黄玉美 《农业机械学报》2008,39(6):127-131

为了保证田间作业的农业移动机器人能够对作物行进行自动识别,并且对干扰环境具有一定的鲁棒性,采用基于遗传算法的面一带模型匹配视觉辨识方法直接对未经任何预处理的田间作物图像进行识别.通过人工图像和实际图像扫描,论证了该方法对作物行间识别的准确性和稳定性,以及对于包括干扰物等环境噪声的鲁棒性.经实际田间作物图像辨识,验证了该方法在实时控制中的有效性.  相似文献   

利用¹³⁷Cs示踪农业耕作土壤侵蚀速率的定量模型   总被引：32，自引：4，他引：28  

杨浩  杜明远  赵其国  阳捷行  八田珠郎 《土壤学报》2000,37(3):296-305

建立了一个根据农业耕作土壤剖面中^137Cs的损失量与土壤侵蚀量之间关系的定量模型,在假设^137Cs在耕层中得到充分的混合而变得均一的基础上,根据质量平衡模型推导而成,模型显示^137Cs的衰变常数,年沉降分量,耕层厚和采样年份对年平均土壤侵蚀速率都有重大影响,模型结果还说明,^137Cs的损失量与年平均土壤侵蚀量之间的关系既非线性关系亦非指数关系,而是一种复杂的曲线关系。  相似文献   

Analysis of protein compositions and surface protein epitopes of Anaplasma centrale and Anaplasma marginale.     

Y Nakamura  S Kawazu  T Minami 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(1):73-79

Protein composition was compared and epitopes were analyzed among the isolates of Anaplasma centrale and A. marginale by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting using bovine antisera and monoclonal antibodies, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Common and unique proteins were found among the isolates. All isolates tested had a major surface protein with an apparent molecular weight of 38 to 40 kilodalton which had slight molecular size variations between species. This protein was also a dominant immunogen to the host. At least two species-common epitopes, one of which might contain carbohydrate(s), were present on the major surface protein. One species-specific epitope was identified on the major surface protein of A. marginale isolates.  相似文献   

Effects of carbamate, BPMC, on the central cholinergic functions and behavior of mice     

H Kobayashi  A Yuyama  K Shioya  K Sato 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(4):789-795

O-sec-butylphenyl methylcarbamate (BPMC), an anticholinesterase carbamate, was injected once (100 mg/kg, s.c.) or repeatedly (50 mg/kg/day for 10 days) into mice. Animals were examined for their behavior and for parameters of cholinergic activity in the forebrain. Mice that received only a single injection exhibited reduced ambulation, hypothermia, and impairment of rotarod performance for up to 3 hr after a single injection. BPMC increased levels of acetylcholine (ACh) in the forebrain for up to 6 hr, and decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity for up to 24 hr. Both high-affinity choline uptake (HACU) and binding of [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) were reduced 20 min after a single injection without any effect on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. In behavioral tests conducted 10 min prior to the daily injections, rotarod performance and ambulation were slightly impaired for a few days before and after cessation of injection. Repeated treatment decreased HACU and binding of [3H]QNB for 24 hr after the final injection without any changes in levels of ACh content, AChE activity and ChAT activity. BPMC may reversibly impair cholinergic functions through effects not only on AChE activity but also on HACU and binding of [3H]QNB.  相似文献   

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to Anaplasma centrale     

Y Nakamura  S Shimizu  T Minami  S Ito 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1988,50(4):933-935

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Immunohistological staining for detection of Theileria sergenti schizonts.     

S Kawazu  M Sato  T Kamio  Y Yokomizo  K Fujisaki  S Honma  T Minami 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(4):743-745

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