Chlorophyll fluorescence as affected by some superficial defects in stored apples     

Nazir A. Mir  Michael Wendorf  Rufino Perez  Randolph M. Beaudry 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):846-850

Summary

Chlorophyll fluorescence, skin coloration and surface contour were measured for apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruit with and without common storage and handling surface defects. Defects included C0₂ injury in ‘Empire’, bitter pit in ‘Jonagold’, superficial scald in ‘Cortland’, ‘Law Rome’, ‘Gala’ and ‘Red Delicious’ and bruising in ‘Cortland’. Measurements were made along a transect established on the fruit surface. The fluorescence parameters, minimal fluorescence (Fo), maximal fluorescence (Fm) and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm, where Fv = Fm - Fo) were relatively similar around the circumference of undamaged control fruit. Skin colour was not found to influence chlorophyll fluorescence. With the exception of bruises, there were marked changes in fluorescence in the areas where surface disorders or damage had developed. C02 injury and bitter pit reduced Fv/Fm, whereas superficial scald did not. However, scald symptoms were accompanied by a reduction in Fo and Fm. The reduction in Fo and Fm became more marked as scald symptoms intensified during post-storage holding at 22°C. Chlorophyll fluorescence may have some potential for sorting fruit having superficial defects.  相似文献   

Investigating the CYP2B6 rs3745274 and rs3211371 Polymorphisms in Methadone-Responder and Non-Responder Addicts in Iran     

Sara Sadat Aghabozorg Afjeh  Behzad Boshehri  Safar Hamednia  Asmaolhosna Asmaolhosna  Parisa Mashayekhi  Mir Davood Omrani 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(3):220

Background:Methadone therapy is a major protocol in opioid addiction cases in many health care systems. Population-based studies have shown that in addicted people, the genetic profile affects their response to methadone therapy. Therefore, this study designed to examine the frequency of two SNPs of the CYP2B6 gene (rs3745274 and rs3211371) in addicted cases in two methadone-responders and methadone non-responders groups. Methods:A total of 199 opioid-addicted individuals and 117 unaffected control subjects were genotyped for rs3745274 and rs3211371 polymorphisms of the CYP2B6 gene using the tetra-primer ARMS-PCR. Results:Results of this study revealed the significant association of rs3745274 GG (p < 0.001; OR = 0.027; 95% CI = 0.14-0.49) and GT (p < 0.001; OR = 4.04; 95% CI = 2.26-7.21) genotypes with the risk of addiction in methadone-responders. Also, a significant association between rs3745274 GG (p < 0.001; OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.15-0.51) and GT (p < 0.001; OR = 5.1; 95% CI = 2.8-5.28) genotypes and addiction relapse was found in methadone non-responders. Conclusion:Based on our findings, we can conclude that rs3745274 variant of CYP2B6 gene could serve as a potential biomarker, to evaluate the prognosis of addicted people fate under treatment with methadone. Key Words: Addiction, Biomarker, Methadone, Single-nucleotide polymorphism  相似文献   

Gene flow among different teosinte taxa and into the domesticated maize gene pool     

Marilyn L. Warburton  Garrison Wilkes  S. Taba  Alain Charcosset  Celine Mir  Fabrice Dumas  Delphine Madur  Susanne Dreisigacker  Claudia Bedoya  B. M. Prasanna  C. X. Xie  Sarah Hearne  Jorge Franco 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(8):1243-1261

Maize (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) was domesticated from one wild species ancestor, the Balsas teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) about 9000 years ago. Higher levels of gene diversity are found in teosinte taxa compared to maize, following domestication and selection bottlenecks. Diversity in maize can be increased via gene flow from teosinte, which has certainly occurred from various taxa, but the rate of flow from different teosinte taxa and the final impact on maize evolution has been difficult to measure. One hundred populations from six Zea taxa, both domesticated (maize) and wild (teosinte), including domesticated landraces from Asia, Africa, and the Americas, were genotyped with 17 SSR markers using 15 individuals per population. Overall levels of diversity were high, and populations could be distinguished based on markers. Relationships between populations followed most published reports, or can now help resolve previously conflicting reports. Gene flow into maize from different teosinte groups, and gene flow between different teosintes, was estimated. Evidence for contributions from the Balsas teosintes and from Chalco teosintes (Z. mays ssp. mexicana) to the maize gene pool was found, as well as from Chalco into ssp. mexicana race ??Durango?? and Z. mays ssp. huehuetenengensis. These contributions are almost certainly the result of post-domestication (and ongoing) exchanges. This information must give more impetus to in situ conservation of teosinte species, and use of these teosintes to continue to direct the evolution of maize, especially in response to new diseases, insect pests, and other biotic and abiotic stresses.  相似文献   

Genetic dissection of grain yield traits in a large collection of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm     

Khan  Sultan Habibullah  Sajjad  Muhammad  Gulnaz  Saima  Waqar  Sundas  Shahzad  Munawar  Arain  Saima Mir 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2022,25(2):215-223

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Understanding genetic architecture of a crop germplasm is necessary for designing a successful breeding program. Herein, we evaluated a large collection...  相似文献   

Projected benefit-cost analysis of agri-silvicultural system: vegetable crops intercropping with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salix alba</Emphasis> (Willow)     

Aijaz Hussain Mir  M. A. Khan 《林业研究》2008,19(4):335-339

An experiment upon an agri-silvicultural system involving Willow (Salix alba) tree, Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) and Knol khol (Brassica oleracea var. caularapa) was laid in randomized block designed at farmers’ willow field at Shalimar near Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar India during 2005 and 2006. The main plot was divided into sub-spots with 8 m × 2 m in size each in which four two-year-old willow (Salix alba) trees were at a spacing of 2 m × 2 m in a sub-spot. The intercrops were maintained at recommended spacing and supplied with recommended doses of fertilizers. The benefit-cost ratio in willow plantation intercropped with vegetable crops of Kale and Knol Khol was analyzed and compared with the benefit-cost ratio of sole willow tree forestry. The results showed that every rupee invested in plantation of agri-silvicultural system generates benefit-cost ratio of 2.78 and 2.79 in case of Willow intercropping with Kale and Willow with Knol khol, respectively, while as for sole crop of willows benefit-cost ratio was calculated to be 2.66. These results provided circumstantial evidence in favour of adopting agroforestry involving willow instead of Sole tree forestry.  相似文献   

First report of Tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus and associated betasatellite in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) plants showing leaf curl symptoms from southern India     

S. Paul  R. Ghosh  S. Das  P. Palit  S. Acharyya  A. Das  J. I. Mir  S. Chaudhuri  S. K. Ghosh  A. Roy 《Plant pathology》2009,58(2):403-403

  相似文献   

Evaluation of a spray of permethrin and pyriproxyfen for the protection of dogs against Phlebotomus perniciosus     

Molina R  Miró G  Gálvez R  Nieto J  Descalzo MA 《The Veterinary record》2006,159(7):206-209

Dogs are the main domestic reservoir of Leishmania infantum in the Old World (Leishmania chagasi in the New World) a parasite responsible for many cases of human visceral leishmaniasis in both endemic and non-endemic regions. One strategy for the control of leishmaniasis would be to prevent dogs from being bitten by sandflies, the vector of leishmaniasis. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of spraying a combination of permethrin and pyriproxyfen on to dogs artificially exposed to sandflies. Two groups of four male dogs, one of them treated and the other left untreated as controls, were exposed for one hour to 100 female sandflies seven days before the treatment, on the day of treatment and seven, 14, 21, and 28 days later. After each exposure, sandflies were collected, counted and scored. The prevention of sandfly bite was calculated by measuring the number of fed sandflies (dead and alive) after treatment. In this experimental assay, the repellent effect of the treatment against sandfly bites after 21 days was 71.4 per cent, but the insecticidal effect was only 7.2 per cent.  相似文献   

Subtype analysis of stx1, stx2 and eae genes in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and typical and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) from lambs in India     

Wani SA  Hussain I  Fayaz I  Mir MA  Nishikawa Y 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(3):489-490

Seventy-five Escherichia coli isolates with at least one targeted virulence gene were recovered from 338 lambs with (n=230) and without (n=108) diarrhoea. The isolates belonged to 36 different serogroups. Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) was isolated from 9.6% of lambs with and 24.1% of lambs without diarrhoea. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) was isolated from 6.1% of lambs with and 11.1% of lambs without diarrhoea. Of 26 EPEC isolates, seven were typical (positive for bfpA), and, of 34 stx(1) positive isolates, 25 were subtyped as stx(1c). Five of 29 stx(2) positive isolates were subtyped as stx(2d) and two as stx(2c). Seven of 45 eae positive isolates were subtyped as eae subtype zeta (eaezeta). This appears to be the first report of the isolation of typical EPEC from sheep in India.  相似文献   

A Leishmania infantum multi-component antigenic protein mixed with live BCG confers protection to dogs experimentally infected with L. infantum     

Molano I  Alonso MG  Mirón C  Redondo E  Requena JM  Soto M  Nieto CG  Alonso C 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,92(1-2):1-13

The capacity of a quimeric protein, formed by the genetic fusion of five antigenic determinants from four Leishmania proteins, formulated with BCG, to protect dogs against Leishmania infantum infection is described. The data showed that after i.v. administration of 500,000 parasites of the L. infantum M/CAN/ES/96/BCN150 strain, zymodeme MON-1, the animals became infected as suggested by the humoral response against the parasite antigens. All control unvaccinated dogs had parasites in the lymph nodes at day 150 post-infection. One of these unvaccinated infected dog was parasite negative at day 634 behaving, thus, as resistant. In contrast, only 50% of the immunized dogs had parasites in the lymph nodes at day 150 post-infection. Four of these dogs became parasite negative by day 634 post-infection. The control animals developed at various times during the follow-up period clinical symptoms associated with Leishmaniasis. The control diseased dogs developed also in the liver and spleen some of the abnormal histological features associated with natural visceral Leishmaniasis. The immunized dogs, however, were not only normal at the clinical but also at the anatomo-pathological level. A positive delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was observed in nine of the immunized protected dogs. The data indicated that Q+BCG confers 90% protection against infection and at least 90% protection at the clinical level.  相似文献   

Circulating Metabolic Hormones During the Peripubertal Period and Their Association with Testicular Development in Bulls     

LFC Brito  AD Barth  NC Rawlings  RE Wilde  DH Crews Jr    PS Mir  JP Kastelic 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(5):502-508

The objective of the present study was to characterize changes in serum metabolic hormones concentrations from 20 weeks before to 20 weeks post-puberty in bulls and to investigate the associations of metabolic hormones concentrations with testicular development. Leptin concentrations increased from 16 weeks before puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty and insulin concentrations increased from puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty. Growth hormone concentrations decreased after 4 weeks post-puberty, whereas IGF-I concentrations increased from 8 weeks before puberty to 8 weeks post-puberty. During this period, testicular growth was accelerated and testosterone secretion increased substantially, without any significant changes in gonadotropin secretion. Monthly circulating concentrations of leptin, IGF-I and insulin accounted for 63% of the variation in scrotal circumference and 59% of the variation in paired testes volume. In conclusion, the secretion of metabolic hormones was not associated with changes in gonadotropins concentrations. Furthermore, the associations of leptin, IGF-I and insulin concentrations with testes size indicated that these hormones might be involved in a gonadotropin-independent mechanism regulating the testicular development in peripubertal bulls.  相似文献