Effect of Feed Structure on Performance and Welfare in Laying Hens Housed in Conventional and Furnished Cages     

H. Hetland  B. Svihus  S. Lervik  R. Moe 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):92-100

A small-scale experiment was conducted to examine layers' selection pattern of whole wheat (WW), protein concentrate (PC) and coarse shell meal (SM) throughout the light day. Consumption of all feed components increased prior to darkness. However, an interaction between SM and the other feed components was found (P<0.05), caused by a greater increase in SM consumption prior to darkness than WW and PC. This interaction is probably related to the requirement for calcium for eggshell formation. Energy (WW)/ Protein (PC) consumption ratio did not vary throughout the light day. In a large-scale experiment, a diet with 40% whole wheat incorporated into 3 mm pellets was compared with a complete diet, also as 3 mm pellets, but containing no whole wheat. Coarse shell meal was added in the feed trough for the experimental diet. These diets were examined in conventional 3-hens cages and two furnished cage systems. The hybrids LSL and Shaver 2000 were used. A tendency towards a lower (P=0.07) feed conversion ratio (FCR) was found in the experimental diet relative to the control diet. This may be a result of a better plumage condition for birds fed the experimental diet. Weight of gizzard and gizzard contents was higher among birds on the experimental diet. Self-selection of shell meal did not affect eggshell strength and legbone strength. Birds housed in furnished cages with 16 birds per cage unit showed higher (P<0.05) feed consumption than birds housed in furnished cages with 8 hens per cage and birds housed in conventional 3-hens cages. Egg production was similar in all cage systems, except for a tendency for lower (P=0.06) egg production in the 8-hens cages in the second half of the experiment period. Plumage condition was generally poorer (P<0.05) in the furnished cages than in the conventional 3-hens cages. Fewer comb lesions were found among birds in furnished cages, which may indicate less aggression in layers housed in furnished cages compared with conventional barren 3-hens hen cages.  相似文献   

Effect of including whole oats into pellets on performance and plumage condition in laying hens housed in conventional and furnished cages     

H. Hetland  R. O. Moe  R. Tauson  S. Lervik  B. Svihus 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):206-212

In an experiment including 2400 layers, a diet with 40% whole oats incorporated into 3 mm pellets (experimental diet) was compared with a complete diet, also as 3 mm pellets, but containing no whole oats (control diet). These diets were examined in conventional 3-hens cages and two furnished cage systems with 8 or 16 birds per group including nest, perches and litter. The effects of diet, rearing condition and cage system on performance, plumage condition, comb lesions and rear body wounds were studied. Furthermore, the effect of feed structure on gizzard characteristics and interactions with access to litter during rearing and laying periods were examined. The hybrids LSL and Shaver 2000 were included in the experiment. Egg production was lower (P<0.05) in furnished cages than in conventional cages. No difference in plumage condition was found between diets, but a significantly poorer plumage condition (P<0.05) was observed with increasing group size. Also, the frequencies of rear body (P<0.05) wounds increased as the group sizes increased, while no such effect was observed for comb lesions. Higher (P<0.05) feed consumption was observed in furnished cages than in the conventional, causing a corresponding increase (P<0.05) in feed conversion rate (FCR). Higher (P<0.05) FCR was observed for birds fed pellets with whole oats than the control. Whole oats also increased (P<0.05) the weight of gizzard and gizzard contents. For LSL, better (P<0.05) plumage condition was found for birds reared on a deep litter floor compared to cage rearing. It was concluded that no beneficial effect of replacing high amounts of ground oats with whole oats was observed. Genotype and rearing method may interact with housing system.  相似文献   

Genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the genes associated with body composition and locomotion traits in Myanmar native horses          下载免费PDF全文

Yu Okuda  Hla Hla Moe  Kyaw Kyaw Moe  Yuki Shimizu  Kenji Nishioka  Takeshi Shimogiri  Hideyuki Mannen  Misao Kanemaki  Tetsuo Kunieda 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1198-1203

Myanmar native horses are small horses used mainly for drafting carts or carriages in rural areas and packing loads in mountainy areas. In the present study, we investigated genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the LCORL/NCAPG, MSTN and DMRT3 genes, which are associated with body composition and locomotion traits of horses, in seven local populations of Myanmar native horses. The genotyping result of LCORL/NCAPG showed that allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher withers height ranged from 0.08 to 0.27, and 0.13 in average. For MSTN, allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher proportion of Type 2B muscular fiber ranged from 0.05 to 0.23, and 0.09 in average. For DMRT3, allele frequencies of A allele associated with ambling gait ranged from 0 to 0.04, and 0.01 in average. The presences of the minor alleles of these genes at low frequencies suggest a possibility that these horse populations have not been under strong selection pressure for particular locomotion traits and body composition. Our findings of the presence of these minor alleles in Southeast Asian native horses are also informative for considering the origins of these minor alleles associated with body composition and locomotion traits in horse populations.  相似文献   

Population structure of Nga Myin Yinn Silonia silondia in the Ayeyarwady River,Myanmar, by mitochondrial DNA markers     

Soe  Toe Toe  Thwe  Thida Lay  Aye  Pwint Thu  Myint  Kyi Thar  Lwin  Than Than  Thaung  Ye Win  Min  Aye Aye  Mitsui  Shota  Terahara  Takeshi  Endo  Masato  Yokota  Masashi  Rahman  M. Moshiur  Kobayashi  Takeshi 《Fisheries Science》2021,87(3):311-320

Fisheries Science - The Silond catfish Silonia silondia, locally known as Nga Myin Yinn, is a commercially important fish in Myanmar; however, fundamental knowledge of its population structure is...  相似文献   

Stratification,Blinding and Placebo Effect in a Randomized,Double Blind Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial of Gold Bead Implantation in Dogs with Hip Dysplasia     

GT J?ger  S Larsen  L Moe 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2005,46(2):57-68

The purpose of this study was to investigate the need for and choice of stratification factors, and the effects of blinding and placebo in a clinical experiment. Eighty dogs with canine hip dysplasia (CHD) were included in a randomized, placebo-controlled and double blind clinical trial with stratified parallel group design, in which body weight and degree of CHD were used as stratification factors. Thirty-eight dogs were allocated to gold bead implantation and 42 to placebo. After six months, 33 of the 42 placebo-treated dogs received gold bead implantation in an open study lasting a further 18 months. The main outcome variable in the study was change in pain signs of CHD as assessed by the owner. No significant difference in the main outcome variable, regardless of the treatment given, could be detected in the two chosen stratification factors. The only factor to influence the main outcome variable significantly was age. The blinding procedure used in the study, in which 60% of the owners correctly guessed the treatment given, was found sufficient. Of those who guessed the treatment erroneously, 88% believed the treatment given was gold bead implantation. The treatment efficacy after six months in the blinded treatment group was found to be significantly larger compared to the efficacy obtained in the open study. A significant placebo effect was therefore detected. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance: The age of the dogs influenced the outcome of the CHD treatment, and is recommended as a stratification factor. A significant placebo effect has to be expected and an optimal blinding procedure is necessary in similar clinical studies.  相似文献   

Preliminary evaluation of a particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) for the determination of serum cystatin C-like immunoreactivity in dogs   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Jensen AL  Bomholt M  Moe L 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2001,30(2):86-90

Abstract: Serum cystatin C often is used in humans as a rapid and more sensitive marker than serum creatinine for glomerular filtration rate. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether cystatin C-like immunoreactivity (CLI) could be measured reliably in canine serum and to investigate whether dogs with clinical renal insufficiency had higher CLI levels than did clinically healthy dogs and dogs with nonrenal diseases. A commercially available particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) for human serum cystatin C was used to measure canine serum CLI in a linear and proportional manner, with a mean recovery of 104%± 7.5% and coefficients of variation of 1.7 to 9.6%. The assay was then applied to serum samples from 17 clinically healthy dogs, 12 dogs with nonrenal diseases, and 8 dogs with renal insufficiency. Serum CLI was significantly higher in dogs with renal insufficiency (median serum CLI = 5.01 mg/L) than in clinically healthy dogs and dogs with nonrenal diseases (median serum CLI = 1.06 mg/L and 1.62 mg/L, respectively). Thus, canine serum CLI could be reliably measured using a commercially available PETIA designed for human serum cystatin C, and dogs with clinical renal insufficiency had, as expected, significantly higher serum CLI levels.  相似文献   

Ontogeny of immunity and leukocytes in the ovine fetus and elevation of immunoglobulins related to congenital infection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Sawyer  J Moe  B I Osburn 《American journal of veterinary research》1978,39(4):643-648

Certain humoral and cellular aspects of the immune response were observed during gestation in the ovine fetus. Emergence and development of leukocytes in peripheral blood were observed. Morphologically mature lymphocytes were consistently present at 32 days of gestation, but mature neutrophils were not neutrophils were not consistently present until gestational day 123. Monocytes were first observed at 63 days and eosinophils at 112 days of gestational age. Numbers of each class of leukocyte increased from the time of their appearance until just prior to birth when they declined. Production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) was monitored from the time of their appearance at 56 and 77 days, respectively, until birth. In contrast to consistently low base-line values of IgG and IgM (below 0.22 mg/ml and 0.21 mg/ml, respectively) found in clinically normal, unstimulated fetuses, the immunoglobulin values in experimentally infected animals increased with the age of the fetus. This finding can be utilized in diagnosis of several congenital infections and anomalies.  相似文献   

A survey of diseases of military dogs in the Republic of Vietnam   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P B Jennings  J B Moe  P A Elwell  L D Sands  M A Stedham 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1971,159(4):434-440

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Effect of certain fasciolicides on malate dehydrogenase activity of Fasciola hepatica: A possible biochemical mode of action of hexachlorophene and oxyclozanide     

Than Lwin  Allan J. Probert 《Pest management science》1975,6(2):121-128

The effect of nitroxynil, rafoxanide, diamphenethide, oxyclozanide and hexachlorophene on the malate dehydrogenase activity of homogenates of Fasciola hepatica was investigated. The ratio of oxaloacetate reduction to malate oxidation in homogenates of F. hepatica was 6.2:1. Nitroxynil, rafoxanide and diamphenethide had no inhibitory effect on malate dehydrogenase at 10^?3 M . Oxyclozanide at 10^?3 M inhibited malate oxidation by 100% and oxaloacetate reduction by 81%, while 10^?3 M hexachlorophene inhibited activity in both directions by 100%. The inhibition quotient (K₁ of bovine liver/K_i of F. hepatica) was 7.8 for oxyclozanide and 5.4 for hexachlorophene. No inhibition was seen with 2,4-dinitrophenol at 10^?3 M . Rapid death resulted in vitro with 10^?4 M oxyclozanide and 10^?5 M hexachlorophene. Oxaloacetate reduction was inhibited 61% and malate oxidation 91% with oxyclozanide and 71 and 100% respectively with hexachlorophene. Slow death was also seen at 10^?6 M concentration with both products although there was only 30% inhibition of malate dehydrogenase. Both products act as non-competitive inhibitors of malate dehydrogenase and this inhibition is more marked against the mitochondrial subcellular fraction than the cytoplasmic fraction.  相似文献   

Hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinomas and nodular dermatofibrosis in the German shepherd dog: macroscopic and histopathologic changes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

B Lium  L Moe 《Veterinary pathology》1985,22(5):447-455

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