THE DETERMINATION OF THE INTERNAL GASES OF PLANT TISSUES     

Culpepper CW  Moon HH  Lutz JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1936,84(2183):398-400

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G protein signaling from activated rat frizzled-1 to the beta-catenin-Lef-Tcf pathway     

Liu T  DeCostanzo AJ  Liu X  Wang Hy  Hallagan S  Moon RT  Malbon CC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,292(5522):1718-1722

The frizzled receptors, which mediate development and display seven hydrophobic, membrane-spanning segments, are cell membrane-localized. We constructed a chimeric receptor with the ligand-binding and transmembrane segments from the beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) and the cytoplasmic domains from rat Frizzled-1 (Rfz1). Stimulation of mouse F9 clones expressing the chimera (beta2AR-Rfz1) with the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol stimulated stabilization of beta-catenin, activation of a beta-catenin-sensitive promoter, and formation of primitive endoderm. The response was blocked by inactivation of pertussis toxin-sensitive, heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and by depletion of Galphaq and Galphao. Thus, G proteins are elements of Wnt/Frizzled-1 signaling to the beta-catenin-lymphoid-enhancer factor (LEF)-T cell factor (Tcf) pathway.  相似文献   

Slow neutron scattering experiments     

Moon RM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,230(4723):274-280

Neutron scattering is a versatile technique that has been successfully applied to condensed-matter physics, biology, polymer science, chemistry, and materials science. The United States lost its leadership role in this field to Western Europe about 10 years ago. Recently, a modest investment in the United States in new facilities and a positive attitude on the part of the national laboratories toward outside users have resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of U.S. scientists involved in neutron scattering research. Plans are being made for investments in new and improved facilities that could return the leadership role to the United States.  相似文献   

Effect of wnt-1 and related proteins on gap junctional communication in Xenopus embryos     

Olson D  Christian J  Moon R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,252(5009):1173-1176

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Wilms tumor suppressor WTX negatively regulates WNT/beta-catenin signaling     

Major MB  Camp ND  Berndt JD  Yi X  Goldenberg SJ  Hubbert C  Biechele TL  Gingras AC  Zheng N  Maccoss MJ  Angers S  Moon RT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5827):1043-1046

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Seasonal speedup along the western flank of the Greenland Ice Sheet   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Joughin I  Das SB  King MA  Smith BE  Howat IM  Moon T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5877):781-783

It has been widely hypothesized that a warmer climate in Greenland would increase the volume of lubricating surface meltwater reaching the ice-bedrock interface, accelerating ice flow and increasing mass loss. We have assembled a data set that provides a synoptic-scale view, spanning ice-sheet to outlet-glacier flow, with which to evaluate this hypothesis. On the ice sheet, these data reveal summer speedups (50 to 100%) consistent with, but somewhat larger than, earlier observations. The relative speedup of outlet glaciers, however, is far smaller (<15%). Furthermore, the dominant seasonal influence on Jakobshavn Isbrae's flow is the calving front's annual advance and retreat. With other effects producing outlet-glacier speedups an order of magnitude larger, seasonal melt's influence on ice flow is likely confined to those regions dominated by ice-sheet flow.  相似文献   

Metabolism of a new herbicide, [(14)c]pyribenzoxim, in rice     

Chang HR  Keum YS  Koo SJ  Moon JK  Kim K  Kim JH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):1918-1923

The in vivo metabolism of a new herbicide pyribenzoxim (benzophenone Ο-[2,6-bis(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzoyl]oxime) in rice was carried out using container trials. Two radiolabeled forms of [carbonyl-(14)C]pyribenzoxim (P1) and [ring-(14)C(U)]pyribenzoxim (P2) were treated separately as formulations for foliar treatment by single applications of 50 g of active ingredient (ai)/ha at the 4-6 leaves stage. At 0, 7, 30, and 60 days after treatment (DAT), samples of panicle, foliage/rest of plant, and roots were taken for analysis. Upon harvest (120 DAT), rice plants were separated into grain, husk, straw, and root parts. Total radioactive residues (TRRs) at each sampling date were determined to show that the final radioactive residues at harvest were low in grain, husk, straw, and roots, accounting for <17 ppb. The concentration of final residues in the rice plant decreased rapidly, and less than 0.1% of initial TRRs remained at harvest. At 7 DAT, metabolite 1 [M1, 2,6-bis(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)benzoic acid] and two unknown compounds (other-1 and other-2) were detected in foliage extract, accounting for 3.5% TRRs (21.0 ppb), 3.1% TRRs (19.0 ppb), and 9.0% TRRs (54.3 ppb), respectively, while 26.1% of M1 was observed in solvent wash. Any other metabolites were not detected in the plant, including expected metabolite M3 (benzophenone oxime). On the basis of the results obtained, a metabolic pathway of pyribenzoxim in a rice plant was proposed.  相似文献   

Cytotoxicity of gamma-ray in rat immature hippocampal neurons     

Miyoung Yang  Myoung-Sub Song  Sung-Ho Kim  Jong-Choon Kim  Joong-Sun Kim  Taekyun Shin  Changjong Moon 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(3):203-207

This in vitro study evaluated the detrimental effect of acute gamma (γ)-irradiation on rat immature hippocampal neurons. Rat immature hippocampal neurons (0.5 day in vitro) were irradiated with 0~4 Gy γ-rays. Cytotoxicity was analyzed using a lactate dehydrogenase release assay at 24 h after γ-irradiation. Radiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons increased in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatments of pro-apoptotic caspase inhibitors and anti-oxidative substances significantly blocked γ-irradiation-induced cytotoxicity in immature hippocampal neurons. The results suggest that the caspase-dependent cytotoxicity of γ-rays in immature hippocampal cultured neurons may be caused by oxidative stress.  相似文献   

Analysis of methanogenic archaeal communities of rumen fluid and rumen particles from Korean black goats     

Min‐Jung GU  Md. Jahangir ALAM  Seon‐Ho KIM  Che‐Ok JEON  Moon‐Baek CHANG  Young‐Kyoon OH  Sang‐Cheol LEE  Sang‐Suk LEE 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):663-672

Molecular diversity of methanogens in the rumen of Korean black goats was investigated with 16S rRNA gene clone libraries using methanogen‐specific primers. The libraries were composed of rumen fluid‐associated methanogens (FAM) and rumen particle‐associated methanogens (PAM) from rumen‐fistulated Korean black goats. Among the 141 clones of the FAM library, the sequences were mostly related to two phyla, the Methanobacteriaceae family (77.3%) and the Thermoplasmatales family (22.7%); and among the 68 clones of the PAM library, sequences were also mainly clustered in the two phyla, the Thermoplasmatales family (63.24%) and the Methanobacteriaceae family (35.29%). Most of the sequenced clones in the two libraries were closely related to uncultured methanogenic archaeon. Quantitative real‐time PCR revealed that PAM (8.97 log 10) had significantly higher (P < 0.01) density of methanogens by the methanogenic 16S rRNA gene copies than FAM (7.57 log 10). The two clone libraries also showed difference in Shannon index (FAM library 1.70 and PAM library 1.59) and Chao 1 estimator (FAM library 18 and PAM library 17 operational taxonomic units). Apparent differences found in the microbial community from the two 16S rRNA gene libraries could be a result of such factors as the chemical and physical nature of the target material surface, types or component of diets, the interaction between the methanogens and other microbes, and age of the experimental goats.  相似文献   

Structure elucidation and antifungal activity of an anthracycline antibiotic, daunomycin, isolated from Actinomadura roseola   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kim BS  Moon SS  Hwang BK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(5):1875-1881

The actinomycete strain Ao108 producing antifungal metabolites active against some plant pathogenic fungi was identified as Actinomadura roseola, based on the analyses of morphological and physiological characteristics. The antibiotic Da2B that showed a strong antifungal activity was isolated from the culture broth and mycelial mats of A. roseola strain Ao108 using various chromatographic procedures. On the basis of (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and 2-D NMR correlation data, the antibiotic Da2B was confirmed to have the structure of an anthracycline antibiotic, daunomycin. In vitro antimicrobial spectrum tests showed that the antibiotic Da2B had substantial inhibitory activity (10 microg mL(-)(1) of MICs) against mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici and Rhizoctonia solani. The antibiotic also showed antiyeast activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but the growth of Candida albicans was not affected. Antibacterial activity was found only against Gram-positive bacteria. In the further evaluation of in vivo efficacy, application of the antibiotic Da2B effectively inhibited the development of Phytophthora blight in pepper plants. However, the control efficacy of the antibiotic against Phytophthora infection was somewhat less than that of metalaxyl. The antibiotic Da2B did not show any phytotoxicity on pepper plants even at 500 microg mL(-)(1).  相似文献