Groundwater Purification in a Polymetallic Mining Area (SW Sinai,Egypt) Using Functionalized Magnetic Chitosan Particles     

Mohammed F. Hamza  Fadia Y. Ahmed  Ibrahim El-Aassy  Amr Fouda  Eric Guibal 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(11):360

A magnetic glycine-grafted chitosan sorbent (Gly) was functionalized to produce a hydrazide derivative (HGly). The two sorbents were tested in batch mode for the sorption of a series of 10 metal ions present in the groundwater collected in three wells in the Wadi (valley) Nasib mining area (SW Sinai, Egypt). HGly is much more efficient for metal recovery than Gly. Under selected experimental conditions (sorbent dosage 1.5 g L^?1), the sorption efficiency is not sufficient for achieving the standard levels for drinking water: the most problematic metal ions in terms of drinkability remain aluminum (too high metal concentration in the groundwater), cadmium, and chromium for the three wells (and nickel in the case of only one well). Increasing the sorbent dosage improves the treatment efficiency. The sorbent (HGly) was tested in fixed-bed columns. The breakthrough curves were compared for the different metals for the groundwater collected in the most contaminated of the three wells. The levels of metal concentration in the treated groundwater are too high for direct use in irrigation. However, they are consistent with the standards for livestock drinking water (based on FAO recommendations, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). The metals can be readily desorbed using 0.5 M HCl solutions with a relatively high concentrating effect (i.e., 50 times). The re-use of the sorbent for three successive cycles of sorption/desorption cycles shows a progressive but weak decrease in sorption and desorption performances.  相似文献   

Removal of Ammonia from Aqueous Solutions,Ground Water,and Wastewater Using Mechanically Activated Clinoptilolite and Synthetic Zeolite-A: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies     

Mohamed Shaban  Mostafa R. AbuKhadra  Fadya M. Nasief  H. M. Abd El-Salam 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2017,228(11):450

Natural zeolite clinoptilolite and synthetic zeolite Na-A were characterized using XRD and SEM to be used as adsorbents for ammonia from aqueous solutions, ground water, and sewage water. Clinoptilolite was mechanically activated for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h to study the effect of activation in enhancing the adsorption capacity. The adsorption by activated natural zeolite and synthetic zeolite is high pH dependent and achieve the best values at pH?=?7. The adsorption capacity of activated natural zeolite increases with increasing the activation from 2 to 8 h achieving removal percentage close to that obtained using synthetic zeolite. The equilibrium was obtained after 60 min for synthetic zeolite and all the activated natural zeolite (except 2-h-activated product, the equilibrium was achieved after 30 min). The kinetic studies reflected the high fitness of the adsorption results of activated natural zeolite products and synthetic zeolite with pseudo-second-order model rather than the other kinetic models. The obtained isotherms reflected the formation of S-type isotherm curve for the adsorption using mechanically activated clinoptilolite and L-type curve for the uptake using synthetic zeolite. The results represented well with Langmuir model followed by Temkin and Freundlich model for adsorption using synthetic zeolite. The uptake using mechanically activated clinoptilolite can be represented by Temkin model rather than both Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamic parameters indicate spontaneous endothermic adsorption of ammonia using all the zeolitic products under investigation. Finally, the mechanically activated natural zeolite and synthetic zeolite exhibit high efficiency in the removal of ammonia and other water pollutants from ground water and sewage water.  相似文献   

Effect of Nitrogen Application Timing on Yield Components,Fodder, Grain,and Oil Yields of Brassica Cultivars     

Muhammad Arif  Muhammad Tariq  Mohammed Jan  Habib Akbar  Ishaq Mian  Muhammad Sajid 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(8):835-845

The dual-purpose use of Brassica cultivars means cutting or grazing the crop as fodder and then letting it to re-grow and produce grain with little or no yield penalty. A field experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement with three replications. Three Brassica cultivars, three nitrogen application timing, and cutting treatments were included in the experiment. The findings indicated that Brassica cultivar Abasin-95 produced higher fresh and dry fodder yields, seeds pod^?1, seed, biological, and oil yields. However, NIFA Raya resulted in a higher number of pods and branches plant^?1. Likewise, fresh and dry fodder yields were higher with nitrogen (N) application all at sowing. Nitrogen applied in two splits resulted in a higher number of pods plant^?1 and grain yield. Cutting suppressed all parameters except 1000 grain weight. Uncut plots produced significantly higher branches plant^?1, pods plant^?1, seeds pod^?1, seed, biological, and oil yields than cut plots.  相似文献   

Exploring the Mangrove Fruit: From the Phytochemicals to Functional Food Development and the Current Progress in the Middle East     

Fitri Budiyanto  Eman A. Alhomaidi  Afrah E. Mohammed  Mohamed A. Ghandourah  Hajer S. Alorfi  Nahed O. Bawakid  Wailed M. Alarif 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)

Nowadays, the logarithmic production of existing well-known food materials is unable to keep up with the demand caused by the exponential growth of the human population in terms of the equality of access to food materials. Famous local food materials with treasury properties such as mangrove fruits are an excellent source to be listed as emerging food candidates with ethnomedicinal properties. Thus, this study reviews the nutrition content of several edible mangrove fruits and the innovation to improve the fruit into a highly economic food product. Within the mangrove fruit, the levels of primary metabolites such as carbohydrates, protein, and fat are acceptable for daily intake. The mangrove fruits, seeds, and endophytic fungi are rich in phenolic compounds, limonoids, and their derivatives as the compounds present a multitude of bioactivities such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant. In the intermediary process, the flour of mangrove fruit stands as a supplementation for the existing flour with antidiabetic or antioxidant properties. The mangrove fruit is successfully transformed into many processed food products. However, limited fruits from species such as Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia caseolaris, and Avicennia marina are commonly upgraded into traditional food, though many more species demonstrate ethnomedicinal properties. In the Middle East, A. marina is the dominant species, and the study of the phytochemicals and fruit development is limited. Therefore, studies on the development of mangrove fruits to functional for other mangrove species are demanding. The locally accepted mangrove fruit is coveted as an alternate food material to support the sustainable development goal of eliminating world hunger in sustainable ways.  相似文献   

Cyclodepsipeptides: Isolation from Endophytic Fungi of Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and Verification of Their Larvicidal Activity via In-Vitro and In-Silico Studies     

Abdel Nasser B. Singab  Nada M. Mostafa  Yasmin A. Elkhawas  Eman Al-Sayed  Mokhtar M. Bishr  Ahmed M. Elissawy  Mohamed S. Elnaggar  Iten M. Fawzy  Osama M. Salama  Yi-Hong Tsai  Fang-Rong Chang 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)

Culex pipiens mosquitoes are vectors to many viruses and can transmit diseases such as filariasis and avian malaria. The present study evaluated the larvicidal activity of marine-derived endophytic fungi Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus flavus from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi along with two known cyclodepsipeptide compounds, scopularide A (1) and B (2), isolated from A. flavus extract, against third-instar larvae of C. pipiens, using distilled water as a negative control and toosenedanin as a positive control. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic analyses. The lethal concentrations (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) were calculated by probit analysis. Scopularide A was the most potent after 96 h treatment, with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 58.96 and 994.31 ppm, respectively, and with 82.66% mortality at a concentration of 300 ppm. To unravel the biochemical mechanism of the tested extracts and compounds, their effects against protease, chitinase, phenoloxidases and lipase enzymes from the whole-body tissue of C. pipiens were evaluated after 72 h treatment at LC₅₀ dose. Superior activity was observed for A. flavus extract against all tested enzymes. A molecular docking study was conducted for scopularide A and B on the four tested enzymes, to further verify the observed activity. Results revealed good binding affinities for both compounds as compared to the docked ligands, mainly via a number of hydrogen bonds. This was the first study to report the isolation of endophytic fungi A. flavus and A. nomius from the marine soft coral S. ehrenbergi. The endophytic fungal extract of A. flavus was found to be a promising source for a natural larvicidal agent against C. pipiens populations.  相似文献