Electrolysed reduced water decreases reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle and improves performance in broiler chickens exposed to medium-term chronic heat stress     

M.A.K. Azad  M. Kikusato  I. Zulkifli 《British poultry science》2013,54(4):503-509

1. The present study was designed to achieve a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle and to improve the performance of broiler chickens exposed to chronic heat stress.

2. Chickens were given a control diet with normal drinking water, or diets supplemented with cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) or grape seed extract (GSE), or a control diet with electrolysed reduced water (ERW) for 19 d after hatch. Thereafter, chickens were exposed to a temperature of either 34°C continuously for a period of 5 d, or maintained at 24°C, on the same diets.

3. The control broilers exposed to 34°C showed decreased weight gain and feed consumption and slightly increased ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in skeletal muscle. The chickens exposed to 34°C and supplemented with ERW showed significantly improved growth performance and lower ROS production and MDA contents in tissues than control broilers exposed to 34°C. Following heat exposure, CNSL chickens performed better with respect to weight gain and feed consumption, but still showed elevated ROS production and skeletal muscle oxidative damage. GSE chickens did not exhibit improved performance or reduced skeletal muscle oxidative damage.

4. In conclusion, this study suggests that ERW could partially inhibit ROS-induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle and improve growth performance in broiler chickens under medium-term chronic heat treatment.  相似文献   

The suppressive effect of dietary coenzyme Q10 on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in chickens exposed to heat stress          下载免费PDF全文

Motoi Kikusato  Kasumi Nakamura  Yukiko Mikami  Ahmad Mujahid  Masaaki Toyomizu 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1244-1251

This study was conducted to determine if dietary supplementation with coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀), which can act as a potent antioxidant and is an obligatory cofactor of mitochondrial uncoupling protein, suppresses the heat stress (HS)‐induced overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage in the skeletal muscle of birds. The carbonyl protein content of skeletal muscle was significantly higher in birds exposed to HS treatment (34°C, 12 h) than in thermoneutral birds (25°C). This increase was suppressed by CoQ₁₀ supplementation (40 mg/kg diet). Succinate‐supported mitochondrial ROS production was increased by HS treatment, and this increase was also suppressed by CoQ₁₀ supplementation. In contrast, CoQ₁₀ supplementation did not affect the HS‐induced decrease in mitochondrial proton leak. The mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), to which HS‐induced ROS production was previously shown to be sensitive, tended to be increased by HS treatment, but this rise in ΔΨ was not affected by CoQ₁₀ supplementation. Taken together, these results suggest that dietary CoQ₁₀ supplementation attenuates HS‐induced oxidative damage to skeletal muscle, by preventing the overproduction of succinate‐supported mitochondrial ROS in a manner that is independent of ΔΨ. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

Pseudodynamic tests and earthquake response analysis of timber structures I: plywood-sheathed conventional wooden walls with opening     

Motoi Yasumura  Shinpei Yasui 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(1):63-68

Pseudodynamic (PSD) lateral loading tests were conducted on conventional post and beam timber frames with plywood-sheathed shear walls to validate the dynamic model of wall panels, each with an opening of a different configuration. The lateral forces were applied step by step at the top of the wooden frames by the computer-controlled actuator, and the displacement response for the next step was computed on the basis of the input accelerogram of the 1940 El Centro earthquake scaled up to 0.4g. The test results were compared with those of the lumped mass time-history earthquake response analysis using the hysteresis model with pinching. The results of the dynamic analysis with this global model consisting of the envelope curves, unloading and reloading with pinching agreed well with the experimental results of the PSD tests of this type of earthquake record. Some parametric studies may be necessary, however, to validate the model with different earthquake records. The hysteretical parameters obtained in this study showed similar values for each of the wall panels with different opening configurations. This makes it possible to use the model and parameters for the plywood-sheathed shear walls to estimate the dynamic behavior of entire structures without conducting expensive PSD tests or shaking table tests.  相似文献   

Isolation, characterization, and quantitative measurement of serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in cattle   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K Tamura  T Yatsu  H Itoh  Y Motoi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(5):987-994

Bovine alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1AG) was purified from pooled normal bovine sera by successive ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatographies and gel filtration. Bovine alpha 1AG had a molecular weight of 42,000 +/- 2,000 and a sedimentation coefficient of 3.4S. It contained 26.6% carbohydrate. Gel isoelectric focusing revealed a microheterogeneity with 7 to 8 bands in a pI range of 3.2 to 3.7. It migrated to the alpha 1-globulin region upon immunoelectrophoresis. Single radial immunodiffusion was developed for the quantitative measurement of bovine alpha 1AG in serum. The mean serum value of alpha 1AG in 152 healthy Holstein cattle (1-12 years old) was 283.2 +/- 82.3 micrograms/ml. Elevated values (cut-off value = 450 micrograms/ml) were observed in cattle with traumatic pericarditis (100%), arthritis (100%), mastitis (91%), pneumonia (70%), and mesenteric liponecrosis (43%).  相似文献   

Selection for high and low oxygen consumption‐induced differences in maintenance energy requirements of mice          下载免费PDF全文

Hongyu Darhan  Motoi Kikusato  Masaaki Toyomizu  Sang‐gun Roh  Kazuo Katoh  Masahiro Sato  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(7):959-965

Maintenance energy requirements (MER) of mice selected for high (H) or low (L) oxygen consumption (OC) were compared. Forty‐four mice from H and L OC lines were weaned at 3 weeks and divided into four experimental groups: group A were sacrificed at 4 weeks; group B were fed ad libitum, and groups C and D were fed 2.8 and 2.4 g/day, respectively, from 4 to 8 weeks of age. Groups B–D were sacrificed at 8 weeks. Chemical components were estimated for all groups. MER was estimated using a model that partitioned metabolizable energy intake into that used for maintenance, and protein and fat deposition. The feed conversion ratio for the B group was significantly higher in the H than in the L line. Feed intake for metabolic energy content per metabolic body size was significantly also higher in the H line, whereas accumulated energy content per metabolic body size was significantly higher in the L line. MER of the H line was greater than that of the L line (P < 0.10). These results suggest that selection for H or L OC produced differences in chemical components, feed efficiency, and MER between the H and L lines.  相似文献   

Elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities in the sera and milk of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis     

Y Nakajima  O Mikami  M Yoshioka  Y Motoi  T Ito  Y Ishikawa  M Fuse  K Nakano  K Yasukawa 《Research in veterinary science》1997,62(3):297

The presence of tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α) and interleukin-6 (il-6) activities was determined in milk and serum of cows with naturally occurring coliform mastitis (cfm). tnf-α was detected in the sera from 26 of 32 cows with cfm. tnf-α levels were higher in the sera than in the milk. il-6 was high in the sera of surviving cfm animals, but was low in animals that died and in healthy controls. Furthermore, the mean level of il-6 was 20-fold higher in the milk than in the sera of mastitic cows. The level of il-6 in the serum was correlated to that in the milk in individual animals. The presence of il-6 and tnf-α in the sera appears to relate to severe clinical condition of cfm, in the milk whereas they may play a role in generating inflammation of the mammary gland.  相似文献   

Tissue distribution of monomeric glutathione peroxidase in broiler chicks.     

S Miyazaki  Y Motoi 《Research in veterinary science》1992,53(1):47-51

It is known that there are two kinds of enzymes which show glutathione peroxidase activity, 'classical' glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. Recently, a third enzyme was found, monomeric glutathione peroxidase, in broiler chick liver cytosolic fraction. To gain an insight into the possible physiological role of the monomeric glutathione peroxidase, the distribution of this enzyme in other broiler tissues was studied. The monomeric glutathione peroxidase was found in all tissues examined and in erythrocytes. The percentage of the total glutathione peroxidase activity accounted for by the monomeric enzyme ranged from 4 per cent in erythrocytes to 28 per cent in liver. Livers from three avian and two mammalian species contained the monomeric glutathione peroxidase. The contribution of the monomeric enzyme to total glutathione peroxidase activity with cumene hydroperoxide was high in poultry livers, while only trace monomeric glutathione peroxidase activity was found in mammalian livers. Chick monomeric glutathione peroxidase showed high activity toward phospholipid hydroperoxide. Thus, monomeric glutathione peroxidase might be an important enzyme in reducing membrane lipid hydroperoxides in birds.  相似文献   

Specific increase of a 35K protein in the sera of cows with fatty liver     

K Sekiguchi  N Katoh  Y Motoi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1986,48(4):745-751

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Variation in lysine,threonine, and tryptophan availability in meat and bone meal as estimated by the slope‐ratio growth assay technique in growing rats     

Hiroyuki Sato  Makoto Miura  Takeshi Fujieda  Marcin Taciak  Motoi Kikusato  Masaaki Toyomizu 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)

Meat and bone meal (MBM) is an important protein source used in animal feeds. However, as the composition and availability of amino acids (AAs) in MBM fluctuate markedly, it is important to verify the magnitude of these parameters in different MBMs. In this study, the AA compositions of 19 MBMs were analyzed to confirm variations in lysine (Lys), threonine (Thr), and tryptophan (Trp), then which were compared with those of soybean meal (SBM) and fish meal (FM). Instability in Lys, Thr, and Trp availabilities in six MBMs were also considered after estimation using the slope‐ratio growth assay technique in rats. Variations in AA composition were evaluated using the coefficient of variance (CV: Standard deviation/Mean). CVs for Lys, Thr, and Trp content were 9.40, 11.83, and 18.12 in MBM, 2.71, 2.48, and 3.19 in SBM, and 10.09, 10.44, and 13.47 in FM. Furthermore, means and SDs for Lys, Thr, and Trp availabilities in MBM were 53.3 ± 10.4% (CV: 19.5), 65.9 ± 17.6% (CV: 26.6), and 83.2 ± 11.2% (CV: 13.5), respectively. These results provide the first evidence that variations in MBM AA compositions were 3.5 to 5.7 times higher than those in SBM, but similar to FM, and that the large variation in availability substantially existed.  相似文献   

Growth performance responses to increased tryptophan supplementation in growing barrows fed three different very low crude protein corn and soybean meal-based diets fortified with essential amino acids     

Hiroyuki Sato  Makoto Miura  Takeshi Fujieda  Marcin Taciak  Motoi Kikusato  Kan Sato  Masaaki Toyomizu 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13605

Seventy-five individually fed barrows averaging 35 kg were used in a series of three experiments for 6-week growth assays (25 barrows each) to determine the effects of l -tryptophan (Trp) supplementation on growth performance and to establish the lower limits of dietary crude protein (CP) levels. Corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diets containing 9% (Experiment 1), 10% (Experiment 2), and 11% CP (Experiment 3) fortified with deficient essential amino acids (AAs) except Trp were used as basal diets for each experiment. The experimental diets were supplemented with 0.00%, 0.02%, 0.04%, or 0.06% Trp. A 16% CP corn–SBM-based diet was set as a positive control in each experiment, and feed and water were provided ad libitum. Average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio improved quadratically (P < 0.05) as supplemented Trp increased in the 9% and 10% CP group, although these positive effects were not observed in the 11% CP group. Because the maximum performance parameters in 9%, 10%, and 11% CP groups were not different from that of the 16% CP positive control group, the marginally reduced level of dietary CP without growth performance being affected appears to be around 9% at most. A potential reduction of nitrogen intake was clearly indicated.  相似文献