Effect of replacing fish meal with meat and bone meal on growth,feed utilization and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion for juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis          下载免费PDF全文

B. Tang  X. Bu  X. Lian  Y. Zhang  I. Muhammad  Q. Zhou  H. Liu  Y. Yang 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(2):894-902

The effect of replacing fish meal (FM) with meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets for juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis was evaluated in a 90‐day feeding trial. Six isonitrogenous (crude protein, 430 g/kg) and isolipidic (crude lipid, 74 g/kg) diets were formulated to contain MBM to replace FM at 0 (S0), 200 (S20), 400 (S40), 600 (S60), 800 (S80) and 1000 g/kg (S100), respectively. The results showed that there was no significant difference in weight gain (WG) among fish fed S0, S20 and S40 diets. However, a significant reduction in WG occurred when 600, 800 and 1000 g/kg FM protein was replaced by MBM (p < .05). Similar trends were observed in specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of protein and dry matter of the diets S80 and S100 were significantly lower than those of the other diets. The ADC of phosphorus significantly reduced with the increase in dietary MBM level. Nitrogen and phosphorus excretion increased with the increasing dietary MBM level. Protease, lipase and amylase activities of the diets S80 and S100 were significantly lower than those of the other diets (p < .05). The results of this study showed that the optimum dietary MBM replacement level was 34.3% according to broken‐line model based on WG against dietary MBM replacement level.  相似文献   

Inhibition of Melanosis,Microbial and Quality Changes of White Shrimp (Penaues vannameii) via Effect of Key Lime Juice and Vacuum Packaging at 2 ± 1ºC     

Selvi Velu  Muhammad Zukhrufuz Zaman  Fatimah Abu Bakar 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2019,28(4):427-437

This study aimed to investigate the effects of key lime juice (KL) in combination with vacuum packaging (VP) or air storage (SB) on the quality changes of white shrimp stored at 2 ± 1ºC. The quality was assessed using microbiological analysis, color measurement, pH, and total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN). Treatment with KL exhibited inhibitory activity on the growth of spoilage microflora. KL in combination with VP revealed a lower bacterial count in the range of 4.37–4.91 log CFU gˉ¹ on day 12 of storage as compared to other treatments. VP + KL and VP samples could inhibit melanosis. In addition, lower TVBN content was obtained in VP + KL (5.33 mg N/100 g), followed by VP (6.03 mg N/100 g) samples on day 12 of storage (p < 0.05). VP in combination with KL had the lowest loss of quality changes for the white shrimp. Therefore, VP + KL could be used as an alternative preservative method to extend the shelf life for white shrimp.  相似文献   

Combined Application of Potassium and Zinc Improves Water Relations,Stay Green,Irrigation Water Use Efficiency,and Grain Quality of Maize under Drought Stress     

Sajid Hussain  Muhammad Maqsood  Muhammad Ijaz  Abdul Sattar  Ahmad Sher 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(14):2214-2225

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) plays an important role in the global food security, but its production is threatened by climate change, especially drought stress. Potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) are considered useful to mitigate the negative consequences of drought stress in plants. Therefore, the objective of this two-year study was to identify the best combination of K and Zn application to improve the water relations, photosynthetic pigments, yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and grain quality of maize sown under mild and severe drought stress conditions. The consisted of three drought stress levels viz. 1) well-watered as control (WW), 2) mild drought (MD) with 25?mm of potential soil moisture deficit (PSMD), 3) severe drought (SD) with 50?mm of PSMD and six K-Zn treatments: i.e. 125, 100 and 150?kg ha^?1 K with 0 and 12?kg ha^?1 Zn. The results indicated that K-Zn application improved the water relations and chlorophyll contents, biological yield and grain quality, irrespective of water stress treatment. The combined application of K-Zn under mild drought stress produced statistically same biological yield and grain quality as under well-irrigated without K-Zn fertilization and also produced compratively higher IWUE, biological yield and grain quality under sverer drought stress. Hence, the application of K at 150?kg ha^?1 in combination with Zn at 12?kg ha^?1 might be useful to improve the maize production and grain quality under drought stress. As IWUE was low in WW conditions, therefore, irrigation scheduling must be re-evaluated for optimum water use efficiency.  相似文献   

Mechanism and Degradation Pathways of Bisphenol A in Aqueous Solution by Strong Ionization Discharge     

Geng  Tingting  Yi  Chengwu  Yi  Rongjie  Yang  Liu  Nawaz  Muhammad Imran 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2020,231(4):1-11

The effects of anthropogenic noise have garnered significant attention in marine ecosystems, but comparatively less is known about its impacts on freshwater ecosystems. For fish that provide parental care, the effects of acoustic disturbance could have fitness-level consequences if nest tending behavior is altered. This study explored the effects of motorboat noise on the parental behavior of nesting male smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu; Lacépède, 1802), an important freshwater game fish in North America that provides sole paternal care to offspring. Specifically, we evaluated how boat noise proximity to a bass nest (ranging from 4.5 to 90 m) influenced paternal care behaviors. A total of 73 fish were exposed to a 3-min motorboat playback designed to simulate a boat sound that typically occurs in areas near littoral nesting sites. The fish were video recorded, and their behaviors were analyzed before, during, and after exposure to the playback. Residency time was the only behavioral metric to be adversely affected by noise playbacks but only when in close proximity to the speaker. Our results suggest that boat noise may have an impact on bass reproductive fitness in specific contexts where combustion motors are used near shore during the nesting period. The largely null findings may indicate a resilience to boat noise and/or habituation to the noise. In addition, boats displace water and create waves that represent another form of disturbance that could be experienced by fish but was not simulated here. Future research should integrate behavioral and physiological responses to boat noise and other aspects of boat disturbance to better understand the fitness impacts of boating activity on freshwater fish.

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Tillage practices improve rice yield and soil phosphorus fractions in two typical paddy soils     

Ahmed  Waqas  Qaswar  Muhammad  Jing  Huang  Wenjun  Dong  Geng  Sun  Kailou  Liu  Ying  Meng  Ao  Tang  Mei  Sun  Chao  Li  Yongmei  Xu  Ali  Sehrish  Normatov  Yodgar  Mehmood  Sajid  Khan  Muhammad Numan  Huimin  Zhang 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(2):850-861

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This research was undertaken (I) to evaluate the status of phosphorus fractions in paddy soils in response to different tillage management practices under different...  相似文献   

In situ immobilization of Cr and its availability to maize plants in tannery waste–contaminated soil: effects of biochar feedstock and pyrolysis temperature     

Rafique  Muhammad Imran  Usman  Adel R. A.  Ahmad  Munir  Sallam  Abdelazeem  Al-Wabel  Mohammad I. 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(1):330-339

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Tannery waste–contaminated soil has a high amount of several toxic chemicals and heavy metals including chromium (Cr), which makes it unsuitable for...  相似文献   

Partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with organic amendments increased rice yield by changing phosphorus fractions and improving phosphatase activities in fluvo-aquic soil     

Qaswar  Muhammad  Chai  Rushan  Ahmed  Waqas  Jing  Huang  Han  Tianfu  Liu  Kailou  Ye  Xinxin  Xu  Yongmei  Anthonio  Christian Kofi  Zhang  Huimin 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(3):1285-1296

Journal of Soils and Sediments - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined use of chemical fertilizers with wheat straw and swine manure on rice yield and&nbsp;phosphorus...  相似文献   

Soil nutrients and heavy metal availability under long-term combined application of swine manure and synthetic fertilizers in acidic paddy soil     

Qaswar  Muhammad  Yiren  Liu  Jing  Huang  Kaillou  Liu  Mudasir  Muhammad  Zhenzhen  Lv  Hongqian  Hou  Xianjin  Lan  Jianhua  Ji  Ahmed  Waqas  Dongchu  Li  Huimin  Zhang 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(4):2093-2106

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Fertilization is a vital approach to increase the crop yield by enhancing soil fertility, but some of the fertilizer sources such as pig manure contain...  相似文献   

Effects of surface laminate type and recycled fiber content on properties of three-layer medium density fiberboard     

Min-Kug Hong  Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis  Chang Hyun Sohn  Jeongkwan Roh 《Wood material science & engineering》2020,15(3):163-171

ABSTRACT

High global production of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) in recent years could generate an equal quantity of waste MDF at the end of its service life, requiring recycling of waste MDF instead of landfilling or incineration. This study investigated effects of the addition of recycled fiber (RF) obtained from surface laminated MDFs with three different materials to the properties of three-layer recycled MDF (rMDF). Three types of surface laminates such as low-pressure laminate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyester coating were hammer milled, and then went through a patent-pending fiber recovery system to obtain the resultant RFs that were added to the core layer of rMDF. These RFs at three contents (10, 20, and 30%) were blended with 12% of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin prior to hot-pressing. Statistical analysis showed that the best internal bonding strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity of rMDF panels were obtained for LPL-rMDF with a 20% RF content. Thickness swelling, water absorption, and formaldehyde emission of rMDF were reduced by increasing the RF content. These findings suggest that a minimum RF content of 20% can be replaced with virgin fibers for the rMDF manufacture, indicating the feasibility of recycling waste laminated MDF into three-layer rMDF.  相似文献   

Color Calibration of Scanners for Scanner‐Independent Grain Grading     

Muhammad A. Shahin  Stephen J. Symons 《Cereal Chemistry》2003,80(3):285-289

Scanner technology is emerging as a cost‐effective and robust imaging alternative to camera‐based systems in many applications. However, scanner technology is changing so fast that image quality can vary from model to model. It is critical that images scanned with different scanners be brought to a common basis for processing and measurement through a calibration process that eliminates scanner‐to‐scanner variability. The focus of this research was to investigate scanner‐to‐scanner variability and develop color correction or mapping functions to allow for machineindependent grain inspection. Various makes and models of scanners were compared for optical and color characteristics. Three different color correction methods wereevaluated: grayscale (GS) transformation, redgreen‐blue (RGB) transformation, and histogram matching. All three models of color correction worked within satisfactory tolerance for a multicolor Q60 chart. However, for grain samples of a limited color range, the histogram matching approach performed better than GS and RGB transformations for scanner calibration. The color‐corrected test images matched the reference images within 3 grey values. Differences between the three models of color correction are discussed.  相似文献