The experience of dog bites: A survey of veterinary science and veterinary nursing students     

AAF Wake  KJ Stafford  EO Minot 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3):141-146

AIM: To investigate the circumstances of dogs biting people in New Zealand.

METHODS: Veterinary science and veterinary nursing students enrolled at Massey University in 2003 completed a questionnaire detailing their lifetime experience of dog bites and their opinions of dog control legislation.

RESULTS: The response rate was 100%. There were 228 completed responses to the survey, and 87 (38%) respondents had been bitten by a dog. Most bites caused minor injury, but 17 (20%) required medical attention. Male respondents were more likely to have been bitten. The highest proportion of respondents (27; 31%) had been bitten while between 6 and 10 years of age, and the hand was the part of the body most often injured. Eighteen (21%) bites involved a stranger's dog, but most bites were by a dog known to the victim. Respondents from rural areas were three times more likely to have been bitten than city dwellers. The victim's home was the place where most (31; 36%) bites occurred. Male dogs were responsible for a larger proportion of bites (38; 44%) than females (24; 28%); respondents were unsure about the sex of the remainder of the dogs (25; 29%) that bit them. Protecting the home, play, accidents, rough handling and pain were identified as the common reasons for dogs to bite. Most (46; 52%) respondents did not believe legislation could have prevented their bite. Only four (5%) bites were reported to authorities.

CONCLUSION: Rural dwellers, people with more experience of dogs, children <11 years of age, and male respondents were bitten by dogs most often. Only legislation relating to the fencing of dog owners′ properties may have prevented a reasonable proportion (25; 29%) of the bites reported here.  相似文献   

High n‐3 HUFA levels in the diet of Atlantic salmon affect muscle and mitochondrial membrane lipids and their susceptibility to oxidative stress     

T.‐K. ØSTBYE  M.A. KJÆR  A.M.B. RØRÅ  B. TORSTENSEN  B. RUYTER 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(2):177-190

Atlantic salmon were fed one of four diets with increasing levels (11–58%of total fatty acids (FAs)) of n‐3 highly unsaturated FAs (HUFAs) in order to investigate the effect on muscle and mitochondrial membrane lipids and their susceptibility to oxidative stress. The high n‐3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) groups contained lower percentages of sphingomyelin and cardiolipin in total muscle than the intermediate n‐3 HUFA group. Cardiolipin and sphingomyelin are particularly susceptible to peroxidation, and a reduced percentage of these lipids showed that mitochondrial membranes had been damaged by oxidation. The intermediate n‐3 HUFA group had the highest level of mitochondrial integrity and tendencies of lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level than the other dietary groups. The high caspase‐3 activity, in addition to casp3a and bax gene expression levels, in the n‐3 DHA group also suggests that some degree of oxidative stress had occurred. Electron microscopy images showed a higher degree of myofibre–myofibre detachment in fish fed the high HUFA diets than in fish fed the intermediate n‐3 HUFA diet. Our findings show that intermediate levels of n‐3 HUFAs in salmon diets gave the best protection against oxidative damage of mitochondrial membranes and muscle structure.  相似文献   

Melatonin may exert a protective role against drought stress in maize          下载免费PDF全文

E. Fleta‐Soriano  L. Díaz  E. Bonet  S. Munné‐Bosch 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2017,203(4):286-294

Melatonin (N‐acetyl‐5methoxytryptamine) is an amphiphilic low‐molecular‐weight compound found in evolutionary distant living organisms, from bacteria to mammals. It can be synthesized by plants and acts as a potent antioxidant and/or a regulator of plant growth and development. Here, we investigated the role of melatonin in plant response to drought stress and recovery in maize (Zea mays L.) plants, with an emphasis on its possible photoprotective and antioxidant role and/or signalling function in relation to the stress‐related phytohormones, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. Results show a positive correlation between endogenous contents of melatonin and photoprotection, as indicated by the maximum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry (F_v/F_m ratio), which was confirmed further by exogenous application of melatonin during recovery from drought stress. Melatonin applications during drought recovery improved the F_v/F_m ratio in maize plants exposed to a subsequent drought stress. Furthermore, endogenous contents of melatonin positively correlated with those of stress‐related phytohormones, particularly with those of salicylic acid, although exogenous application of melatonin did not alter the contents of these defence compounds. It is concluded that melatonin can exert a defensive role in maize plants exposed to drought stress, particularly improving the efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry.  相似文献   

Acute paraplegia in a Thoroughbred racehorse after general anaesthesia     

SR RAIDAL  SL RAIDAL  RB RICHARDS  AV COSGRIFF  KJ ROSE 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(3):178-179

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Reply     

KJ SLEE  C. BUTTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(12):471-471

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A modified ELISA for the detection of goats infected with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

AR MILNER  WN MACK  KJ COATES 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):305-307

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Endocytosis of erythrocytes in vivo and particulate substances in vitro by feline neoplastic mast cells.          下载免费PDF全文

B R Madewell  R J Munn    L P Phillips 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(4):517-520

Clinical evidence for the phagocytic capability of neoplastic feline mast cells was provided by recognition of endocytosed erythrocytes in seven of 12 cytological smears of mast cell neoplasms, particularly in those cells collected from splenic tumors. The capability of these neoplastic mast cells to endocytose particulate substances was also studied in vitro. Evidence is presented that under cultural conditions, feline neoplastic mast cells are capable of endocytosing a variety of substances including polystyrene latex microspheres, zymosan particles, horse spleen ferritin, salmon sperm nuclei, horseradish peroxidase, and carbon particles.  相似文献   

Pathogenesis of experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats   总被引：67，自引：0，他引：67  

J K Yamamoto  E Sparger  E W Ho  P R Andersen  T P O'Connor  C P Mandell  L Lowenstine  R Munn  N C Pedersen 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(8):1246-1258

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Nonsecretory Multiple Myeloma in a Dog: Immunohistologic and Ultrastructural Observations     

Stanley L. Marks  Peter F. Moore  Debra W. Taylor  Robert J. Munn 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1995,9(1):50-54

A 12-year-old, female spayed Chihuahua was diagnosed with nonsecretory multiple myeloma on the basis of multiple osteolytic lesions, histological evidence of plasma cell infiltrate on a bone biopsy, and absence of a monoclonal protein on serum and urine electrophoresis. A 6-week course of prednisone therapy resulted in no clinical improvement and the dog was euthanized 2 weeks after presentation because of progressive neurological impairment. Bone marrow specimens were processed and stained for ultrastructural and immunohistologic evaluation. Staining with antisera to immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA was negative. Tumor cells in both the pelvic and rib masses displayed prominent reactivity with an antibody specific for a canine β1 integrin similar to VLA-4; however, the tumor cells failed to stain with antibodies known to react predominantly with antigens on B-lymphocytes (major histocompatibility complex class II, CD45RA, and CD21) or T-lymphocytes (Thy-1). The tumor cells also failed to stain with an antibody specific for the β-subunit (CD18) of the leukocyte integrins (CD11/CD18). Ultrastructural studies performed on bone marrow specimens revealed a pleomorphic population of plasma cells with moderate amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum, erythrophagocytosis, and lack of crystalline inclusions.  相似文献   

A collapse syndrome associated with Gram-negative infection in cows treated with dexamethasone to induce parturition     

JW BROWNING  KJ SLEE  J. MALMO  P. BRIGHTLING 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(1):28-29

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