H2S as a physiologic vasorelaxant: hypertension in mice with deletion of cystathionine gamma-lyase     

Yang G  Wu L  Jiang B  Yang W  Qi J  Cao K  Meng Q  Mustafa AK  Mu W  Zhang S  Snyder SH  Wang R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5901):587-590

Studies of nitric oxide over the past two decades have highlighted the fundamental importance of gaseous signaling molecules in biology and medicine. The physiological role of other gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now receiving increasing attention. Here we show that H2S is physiologically generated by cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE) and that genetic deletion of this enzyme in mice markedly reduces H2S levels in the serum, heart, aorta, and other tissues. Mutant mice lacking CSE display pronounced hypertension and diminished endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. CSE is physiologically activated by calcium-calmodulin, which is a mechanism for H2S formation in response to vascular activation. These findings provide direct evidence that H2S is a physiologic vasodilator and regulator of blood pressure.  相似文献   

Thermochromism of Diaryldisulfides     

Mustafa A  Kamel M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1953,118(3067):411-413

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Extended nucleation of the 1999 Mw 7.6 Izmit earthquake     

Bouchon M  Karabulut H  Aktar M  Ozalaybey S  Schmittbuhl J  Bouin MP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6019):877-880

Laboratory and theoretical studies suggest that earthquakes are preceded by a phase of developing slip instability in which the fault slips slowly before accelerating to dynamic rupture. We report here that one of the best-recorded large earthquakes to date, the 1999 moment magnitude (M(w)) 7.6 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake, was preceded by a seismic signal of long duration that originated from the hypocenter. The signal consisted of a succession of repetitive seismic bursts, accelerating with time, and increased low-frequency seismic noise. These observations show that the earthquake was preceded for 44 minutes by a phase of slow slip occurring at the base of the brittle crust. This slip accelerated slowly initially, and then rapidly accelerated in the 2 minutes preceding the earthquake.  相似文献   

The lumbosacral Plexus of the Barn Owl (tyto alba): Formation,branches and distribution     

Yasin Demiraslan  İftar Gürbüz  İsmail Demircioğlu  Mustafa Orhun Dayan 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):572-578

The aim of the present study is to reveal the anatomical structure of lumbosacral plexus of barn owl. Six barn owls were included in the study. Nerves originating from plexus were dissected individually, and findings of innervation areas of nerves were determined. Lumbosacral plexus of barn owl was observed to be formed by ventral rami of ten synsacral spinal nerves. It was found that while the r. cutaneus femoris lateralis, the n. obturatorius, the n. coxalis cranialis, the r. cutaneus femoris medialis, the n. cutaneus femoris cranialis and the n. femoralis originated from the lumbar plexus, the n. isciofemoralis, the n. cutaneus femoris caudalis, the n. coxalis caudalis and the n. ischiadicus originated from the sacral plexus. Consequently, when the results of the study were compared with information of different avian species, it was observed that differences focused on the formation of the lumbar and sacral plexuses and innervation level of digits.  相似文献   

On the limnology of Salda Lake,a large and deep soda lake in southwestern Turkey: future management proposals     

Nilgün Kazanci  Snmez Girgin  Muzaffer Dügel 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2004,14(2):151-162

• 1. The limnological characteristics of Salda Lake, a deep, soda and highly alkaline lake in the Lake District of southwestern Turkey, are presented.
• 2. Physical and chemical variables indicate that the lake is composed of hydrochemically different water layers formed by groundwater sources located on the floor of the lake.
• 3. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are characterized by a limited number of species and low dominance reflecting the extreme conditions of the lake.
• 4. Hydromagnesite stromatolites occur all around the lake margins.
• 5. The lake is threatened by falling water levels and organic pollution. Recommendations for the conservation of the lake are presented.

Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Induction of ovulation in ornamental common carp (Koi, Cyprinus carpio L.) using LHRHa ([d-Ser(tBu)⁶, Pro⁹-NEt]-LHRH) combined with haloperidol and carp pituitary extract     

Muhammed Arabac&#;  Ha&#;met Ça&#;&#;rgan  & Mustafa Sar&#; 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(1):10-14

The effects of a single injection of mammalian superactive analogue [d ‐Ser(tBu)⁶,Pro⁹‐NEt]‐LHRHa (20 μg/ kg^?1) combined with the dopamine antagonist, haloperidol (HAL, 0.5 mg kg^?1), for induction of ovulation in the koi carp broodstocks were determined under routine hatchery conditions. The results were compared with classic carp pituitary extract (CPE, double injection) application (water temperature 22 °C). Physiological saline (0.7% NaCl)‐injected fish were used as a control group and no ovulation occurred in this group. The spawning ratio was high in the LHRHa+HAL treatment group and in the CPE treatment group (6/7 and 5/7 respectively). The latency period was 14–16 h in the LHRHa+HAL treatment group and 12–14 h in the CPE treatment group (after the second injection). There was no difference between the two ovulating groups with respect to the spawning index (the weight of eggs as a percentage of female body weight) and fertilization rate of eggs (P>0.05). As a result, ovulation can be induced successfully in koi carp broodstocks with 20 μg kg^?1 [d ‐Ser(tBu)⁶,Pro⁹‐NEt]‐LHRHa+0.5 mg kg^?1 HAL treatment in a single injection without decreasing the egg quality. Application of this combination can be useful for hatchery and broodstock management in koi carp culture.  相似文献   

Studies on the recently discovered crayfish, Austropotamobius torrentium (Shrank, 1803), in Turkey: morphological analysis and meat yield     

Muzaffer Mustafa Harl&#;o&#;lu  & Utku Güner 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(5):538-542

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Vasoactivity of prostanoids in the trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) coronary system: modification by noradrenaline     

T. Mustafa  C. Agnisola 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1994,13(3):249-261

An isolated non-working trout heart, cannulated through the coronary artery and perfused with oxygenated saline with a coronary pressure head of 3.0 kPa has been used in this study. Effects on the coronar resistance of catecholamines, thromboxanes (TXs) and prostacyclin (PGI₂) were analyzed. The effects of PGI₂ and TXs in presence of noradrenaline were also evaluated. Both adrenaline and noradrenaline vasoconstrict the trout coronary system, noradrenaline being more potent than adrenaline. TXA₂ induces 45% vasoconstriction at 10⁻⁶M, while TXB₂ at the same concentration is a slight vasodilator. PGI₂ acts as a weak vasodilator (about 20% decrease in resistance at 10⁻⁶M). In presence of 10⁻⁷M noradrenaline, 10⁻⁸M TXA₂ reduces the vasoconstriction induced by the catecholamine alone from 60% to about 15%. Under similar conditions, 10⁻⁹M PGI₂ potentiates the vasoconstrictive response induced by noradrenaline while a much higher PGI₂ concentration (10⁻⁶M) completely abolishes the vasoconstriction. The β-receptor antagonist propranolol induces vasoconstriction, and 10⁻⁹M PGI₂ in presence of propranolol further increases the vasoconstriction. The α-receptor antagonist phentolamine induces vasodilation and 10⁻⁹M PGI₂ does not affect coronary resistance induced by phentolamine. These results imply a possible interaction between noradrenaline and prostanoids (TXs and PGI₂) in the vasomotion of trout coronary system.  相似文献   

The influence of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants     

Ramazan Çakmakçı  Mustafa Erat  Ümmügülsüm Erdoğan  Mesude Figen Dönmez 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2007,170(2):288-295

A pot experiment in a greenhouse was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different N₂‐fixing, phytohormone‐producing, and P‐solubilizing bacterial species on wheat and spinach growth and enzyme activities. Growth parameters and the activities of four enzymes, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD; EC 1.1.1.49), 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD; EC 1.1.1.44), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.8.1.7), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) were determined in the leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Konya) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), noninoculated and inoculated with nine plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR: Bacillus cereus RC18, Bacillus licheniformis RC08, Bacillus megaterium RC07, Bacillus subtilis RC11, Bacillus OSU‐142, Bacillus M‐13, Pseudomonas putida RC06, Paenibacillus polymyxa RC05 and RC14). Among the strains used in the present study, six PGPR exhibited nitrogenase activity and four were efficient in phosphate solubilization; all bacterial strains were efficient in indole acetic acid (IAA) production and significantly increased growth of wheat and spinach. Inoculation with PGPR increased wheat shoot fresh weight by 16.2%–53.8% and spinach shoot fresh weight by 2.2%–53.4% over control. PGPR inoculation gave leaf area increases by 6.0%–47.0% in wheat and 5.3%–49.3% in spinach. Inoculation increased plant height by 2.2%–24.6% and 1.9%–36.8% in wheat and spinach, respectively. A close relationship between plant growth and enzyme activities such as G6PD, 6PGD, GR, and GST was demonstrated. Plant‐growth response was variable and dependent on the inoculant strain, enzyme activity, plant species, and growth parameter evaluated. In particular, the N₂‐fixing bacterial strains RC05, RC06, RC14, and OSU‐142 and the P‐solubilizing strains RC07 and RC08 have great potential in being formulated and used as biofertilizers.  相似文献   

Prevalence and economic significance of bovine hypodermosis in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkey     

Hatice Cicek  Hasan Cicek  Mustafa Eser  Murat Tandogan  Hıfzı Oguz Sarımehmetoglu 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(1):17-20

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence and economic losses due to in cattle of hypodermosis between May 2008 and April 2009 in Afyonkarahisar province of Turkey. A total of 6,598 cattle—3,498 in pasture and 3,100 in slaughterhouse—were examined for hypodermosis. One hundred ninety-five out of 6,598 cattle (2.96%) were found positive. Concerning this infestation rate, the prevalence of hypodermosis in field was 5.3%, whereas the prevalence was 0.3% in slaughter house. Hypoderma bovis and Hypoderma lineatum were recorded in slaughter house. First-stage Hypoderma spp. larvae weren’t found in cattle organs in slaughterhouse. The annual economic loss on skins is estimated to be about 18,288 TL (currency exchange rate is 1 USD:1.499 TL).  相似文献