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51.
Antisperm antibodies in repeat‐breeding cows: Frequency,detection and validation of threshold levels employing sperm immobilization,sperm agglutination and immunoperoxidase assay 
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下载免费PDF全文 SK Srivastava S Shinde SK Singh S Mehrotra MR Verma AK Singh S Nandi N Srivastava SK Singh TK Goswami SK Bhure H Kumar SK Ghosh 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(2):195-202
Antisperm antibodies have been found in repeat‐breeding(RB) cows, and those causing agglutination and/or immobilization of sperm are considered to be closely related to unexplained infertility. However, a standard protocol for identifying antisperm antibodies (ASA) in cattle is not validated. Therefore, an investigation was undertaken to evaluate sperm immobilization (SIT), sperm agglutination (SAT) and immunoperoxidase (IPT)assays for detection of ASA in serum and their respective threshold levels for confirmation. Animals (heifers, normally breeding, repeat‐breeding and pregnant animals) that were free from IBR, brucellosis and uterine infections (screened by clinical examination) were included in the study. Sperm agglutinating, sperm immobilizing and antisperm antibodies evaluated by respective assay were significantly higher (p < .05) in RB cows compared to other groups. The SIT assay was able to identify 61% of RB caused by ASA, more than those employing SAT and IPT. Furthermore, a dilution rate of 1:5 and 1:80 (confirms 59.0 and 57.0% RB+ve)were sufficient to diagnose ASA by SAT and IPT, respectively. Results indicate the presence of __12.6% clumped spermatozoa and __ 2.6%(cut‐off value) peroxidase‐positive spermatozoa at 1:5 and 1:80 dilutions diagnosed with SAT and IPT, respectively, may be considered as repeaters arising out of ASA. Furthermore, study also showed the presence of lower incidence of ASA positivity in other groups of animals (heifer<normal breeder<pregnant animals) compared to repeaters. Study results show that although IPT is more specific and accurate but SAT and SIT are comparatively simple and cost‐effective assays suitable for detecting ASA under field conditions and thus can be recommended for screening of repeaters. 相似文献
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Mwalusanya NA Katule AM Mutayoba SK Mtambo MM Olsen JE Minga UM 《Tropical animal health and production》2002,34(5):405-416
The productivity of local chickens under village management conditions was studied in six villages situated in three climatic zones within Morogoro District in Tanzania. Two villages were picked in each climatic zone (warm and wet, warm and dry, cool and wet) for the study. The data were obtained by actual measurement, qualitative observations and interview of members of the households directly responsible for the care of chickens. In addition, data sheets were given to selected farmers to record the performance of their chickens. The mean flock size for the three zones was 16.2, with a range of 2 to 58. The overall mean clutch size, egg weight and hatchability were 11.8, 44.1 g and 83.6%, respectively. The overall mean chick survival rate to 10 weeks of age was 59.7%. The mean live weights for cocks and hens were 1948 g and 1348 g, respectively. The mean growth rates to the age of 10 weeks were 4.6 g/day and 5.4 g/day, while those from 10 to 14 weeks of age were 8.4 g/day and 10.2 g/day for female and male birds, respectively. The age at first lay ranged between 6 and 8 months, and the average hen had three laying cycles per year. Most of the chickens were left to scavenge during the day and were provided with simple housing at night (95.2% of the owners). Only small amounts of supplementary feeds were occasionally given and minimal health care was provided. It was concluded that the low productivity of chickens was partly due to the prevailing poor management practices, in particular the lack of proper health care, poor nutrition and housing. 相似文献
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m‐carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide improves developmental competence,reduces apoptosis and alters epigenetic status and gene expression pattern in cloned buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) embryos 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 H Agrawal NL Selokar M Saini MK Singh MS Chauhan P Palta SK Singla RS Manik 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(4):986-996
Incomplete or aberrant reprogramming of nuclear genome is one of the major problems in somatic cell nuclear transfer. In this study, we studied the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor m‐carboxycinnamic acid bishydroxamide (CBHA) on in vitro development of buffalo embryos produced by Hand‐made cloning. Cloned embryos were treated with CBHA (0, 5, 10, 20 or 50 μM) for 10 hr from the start of reconstruction till activation. At 10 μM, but not at other concentrations examined, CBHA increased (p < .05) the blastocyst rate (63.77 ± 3.97% vs 48.63 ± 3.55%) and reduced (p < .05) the apoptotic index of the cloned blastocysts (8.91 ± 1.94 vs 4.36 ± 1.08) compared to untreated controls, to levels similar to those in IVF blastocysts (4.78 ± 0.74). CBHA treatment, at all the concentrations examined, increased (p < .05) the global level of H3K9ac in cloned blastocysts than in untreated controls to that observed in IVF blastocysts. Treatment with CBHA (10 μM) decreased (p < .05) the global level of H3K27me3 in cloned blastocysts than in untreated controls but it was still higher (p < .05) than in IVF blastocysts. CBHA (10 μM) treatment increased (p < .05) the relative expression level of pluripotency‐related genes OCT‐4 and NANOG, and anti‐apoptotic gene BCL‐XL, and decreased (p < .05) that of pro‐apoptotic gene BAX than in untreated controls but did not affect the relative expression level of apoptosis‐related genes p53 and CASPASE3 and epigenetics‐related genes DNMT1, DNMT3a and HDAC1. These results suggest that treatment of cloned embryos with 10 μM CBHA improves the blastocyst rate, reduces the level of apoptosis and alters the epigenetic status and gene expression pattern. 相似文献
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Relationship between endometritis and oxidative stress in the follicular fluid and luteal function in the buffalo 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 BK Behera CG Sharma SK Singh H Kumar RK Chaudhari AS Mahla GK Das N Krishnaswamy 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):844-847
In this study, alteration in the follicular fluid composition and luteal function was investigated in the buffalo with endometritis. Genitalia were classified into cytological and purulent endometritis on the basis of polymorphonuclear cell cut off while non‐endometritis served as control (n = 10/group). In the follicular phase, the number of surface follicles was counted, diameter of the largest follicle was measured and the follicular fluid was assayed for total protein, cholesterol, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). The P4 content of corpus luteum during mid‐luteal phase was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Ovaries from the follicular phase of oestrous cycle showed no significant difference in the total number of surface follicles, size of the largest follicle and volume of follicular fluid in the buffaloes with and without endometritis (p > .05). However, the antral fluid of the largest follicle from the genitalia of buffalo with cytological and purulent endometritis showed a significant decrease in the concentration of total protein, cholesterol, TAC and E2 and a significant increase in the concentration of MDA and P4 (p < .05). The results indicated that there is an association between endometritis and decreased ovarian function. 相似文献
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Conventional and contemporary approaches for drought tolerance rice breeding: Progress and prospects
C Anilkumar Rameswar Prasad Sah Radha Beena Muhammed Azharudheen TP Awadesh Kumar Sasmita Behera NC Sunitha SK Pradhan KR Reshmi Raj Parameswaran C BC Marndi Anil Kumar Singh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(4):418-438
Drought is becoming a major threat to rice farming across the globe owing to the depletion of water tables in rice-growing belts. Drought affects rice plants at multiple stages, causing damage at morphological and physio-biochemical levels, leading to severe losses that exceed losses from all other stresses. The amalgamation of conventional breeding methods with modern molecular biology tools and biometrical methods could help accelerate the genetic gain for drought tolerance in rice. Many drought-tolerance traits with genetic determinants have been identified and exploited for tolerance rice variety breeding. The integration of genome-wide association study and genomic selection tools with speed breeding shortened the breeding cycle and aided in rapid improvement of genetic gain. In this review, we emphasized the progress made through classical breeding as well as the limitations and usefulness of current genomic methods in improving drought tolerance. We briefly addressed methods for identifying genetic determinants for drought tolerance and deploying them through genomics-assisted breeding programmes to develop high-yielding drought-tolerant rice cultivars. 相似文献
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Virupaksh U Patil Vanishree G. Vinay Sagar SK Chakrabarti 《American Journal of Potato Research》2017,94(3):266-269
Fusarium sambucinum is one of the most important causal agents that not only cause the dry rot disease of potato tubers in fields and stores worldwide but also capable of producing secondary metabolites toxic for people and animals. Here we present the first draft genome sequence of the strain (F-4) estimated to be around appx. 42.0 Mb. The genome has 12,845 protein coding genes with more than 35,900 exons and gene density of 3.13 per 10Kb. F. sambucinum is evolutionary more close to the F. graminearum among the Fusarium species complex. The genome sequence represents a valuable resource for understanding the pathogenecity and virulence factors, and their evolution within the complex and highly plastic genus Fusarium. 相似文献
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V. Sandhya Ali SK. Z. Minakshi Grover Gopal Reddy B. Venkateswarlu 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,46(1):17-26
Production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) can be used as a criteria for the isolation of stress tolerant microorganisms. In the
present study, EPS-producing fluorescent pseudomonads were isolated from alfisols, vertisols, inseptisols, oxisols, and aridisols
of different semiarid millet growing regions of India and were screened in vitro for drought tolerance in trypticase soy broth
supplemented with different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG6000). Out of the total 81 isolates, 26 could tolerate
maximum level of stress (−0.73 MPa) and were monitored for the amount of EPS produced under maximum level of water stress.
The strain GAP-P45, isolated from alfisol of sunflower rhizosphere, showed the highest level of EPS production under water
stress conditions, was identified as Pseudomonas putida on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence analysis, and was used as seed treatment to study its effect in alleviating drought stress
effects in sunflower seedlings. Inoculation of Pseudomonas sp. strain GAP-P45 increased the survival, plant biomass, and root adhering soil/root tissue ratio of sunflower seedlings
subjected to drought stress. The inoculated bacteria could efficiently colonize the root adhering soil and rhizoplane and
increase the percentage of stable soil aggregates. Scanning electron microscope studies showed the formation of biofilm of
inoculated bacteria on the root surface and this, along with a better soil structure, might have protected the plants from
the water stress. 相似文献
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SW Walkden‐Brown A Islam AFMF Islam SK Burgess PJ Groves J Cooke 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(8):341-350
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