Narbon Vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.): A Potential Feed Legume Crop for Dry Areas in West Asia     

A. M. Abd El  Moneim 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1992,169(5):347-353

Provision of feed supplies for the rapidly growing livestock population is essential in West Asia. Shortages can be alleviated by growing forage crops in the existing fallow lands.
Narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) is a leguminous species with high yield potential, drought tolerance and cold resistance. It could be used for grain and straw production as source for animal feed in dry areas. It is good source of protein with seeds contain 28 % protein yielding 364 kg per hectare protein, whilst straw contains 9 % protein and yields a similar amounts of digestible protein per hectare.
Nine promising lines of Narbon vetch developed at ICARDA were tested at two sites over four years under rainfed conditions. Since climatic conditions were considered to be of considerable importance, each site in each year was treated as a separate environment to give eight environments with annual rainfall varied from 195 to 504 mm.
Narbon vetch possessed high seedling vigour with rapid winter growth and negligible cold damage. Grain yield varied form 0.47 to 1.90 t/ha, with a harvest index varying from 30 to 40 %. The data indicated that below 300 mm rainfall the grain yield varied from 0.47 t/ha when rain fall was 195 mm to 1.4 t/ha when rainfall was 245 mm. Most of the lines had wide adaptation to dry areas in terms of both grain yield and stability. Climate, except early spring rains had little effect on biological and grain yields.  相似文献   

In vitro nitroimidazole resistance of Trichomonas gallinae and successful therapy with an increased dosage of ronidazole in racing pigeons (Columba livia domestica)     

F. F. J. FRANSSEN  J. T. LUMEIJ DVM PhD  † 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1992,15(4):409-415

Six out of eight different Trichomonas gallinae strains isolated from racing pigeons proved to be resistant to the nitroimidazole drugs ronidazole, carnidazole and metronidazole. The minimal cytocidal concentration of ronidazole was determined in in vitro experiments. Moreover, a therapeutic dose for ronidazole was determined for the control of trichomoniasis in pigeons from which the resistant T. gallinae strains were isolated. It was a 5-fold increase of the recommended ronidazole dosage which eliminated the infection in affected pigeons.  相似文献   

Characterization of phosphate species in urban sewage sludges by high-resolution solid-state ³¹P NMR     

E. FROSSARD  P. TEKELY  J.Y. GRIMAL 《European Journal of Soil Science》1994,45(4):403-408

The mineral forms of phosphorus in three urban sewage sludges were characterized using high-resolution solid-state phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) coupled to a sequential extraction. The sludges studied were an anaerobically-digested and heat-treated sludge (Paris-Achères), an activated sludge (Briare) and an anaerobically-digested sludge (Nancy). NMR observations were conducted using both single-pulse and cross-polarization sequences in order to distinguish between ³¹P nuclei far from ¹H nuclei, and ³¹P located within a fraction of a nanometre of ¹H. This approach showed that a complex mixture of P species was present in these sludges. A mixture of hydrogenated octocalcium phosphates and apatites was observed in the three samples. Monetite was present in the anaerobically-digested sludge and brushite in the activated sludge. Dehydrogenated condensed calcium phosphates (compounds with a Ca:P ratio higher than 1.0 such as fluorapatite or tricalcium phosphate) and dehydrogenated pyrophosphates were also probably present in the anaerobically-digested sludge. A poorly-ordered wavellite was observed in the three sludges after the HCl extraction. However, results were inconclusive as to whether this mineral was present in the three sludges, or had been precipitated during the sequential extraction.  相似文献   

Induced Maturation and Spawning of the Chinese Catfish Clarias fuscus     

Michael J. A.  Young Arlo W.  Fast Paul G.  Olin 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1989,20(1):7-11

Chinese catfish ( Clarias fuscus ) were successfully spawned in Hawaii using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) at dosage rates of two and four international units (IU) per gram body weight. Fish not injected with HCG did not produce viable eggs. Successful spawns with HCG occurred between May and October. Hatch rates of up to 80% were obtained during June, July, and August for those fish given either a 2 or 4 IU per gram body weight injection of HCG. Fish spawned in either May or October yielded significantly higher hatch rates when injected with 4 rather than 2 IU per gram body weight. Fish held at elevated temperatures (28 to 30 C) prior to the normal spawning season developed significantly larger oocyte diameters, 60 days earlier than fish held under ambient temperature conditions (21.5 to 24 C). Photoperiod manipulation at ambient temperature conditions was associated with earlier oocyte maturation, but photoperiod effects were much less important than temperature.  相似文献   

Flowering events in relation to smut susceptibility in pearl millet   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. P. THAKUR 《Plant pathology》1989,38(4):557-563

In field experiments at ICRISAT, selected lines of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) resistant and susceptible to smut (Tolyposporium penicillariae) were evaluated for the timing of flowering events. In smut-resistant lines, the time from the boot-leaf stage (inoculation) to stigma emergence varied in the range 46–120 h, from boot to anther emergence 105–190 h, and from stigma emergence to anther emergence (protogyny period) 59–131 h; in smut-susceptible lines, the corresponding periods were 62–140 h, 146–200 h and 44–120 h, respectively. There were no significant correlations between timing of events and smut severity. Three cytoplasmically male-sterile lines showed longer protogyny periods and higher smut severity than their corresponding maintainer lines. Four lines having short protogyny periods (22–52 h) and resistance to ergot (Claviceps fusiformis) also showed high resistance to smut. Resistance to smut in most ergot-susceptible lines was independent of the timing of flow ering events, but in ergot-resistant lines it could be closely related to flowering events.  相似文献   

Population variability of some quantitative characters in Argas polonicus larvae (Acarina: Argasidae)     

F Dusbábek 《Folia parasitologica》1989,36(3):281-287

The nature of variability of quantitative morphometrical characters was studied in larvae of two local populations of Argas (Argas) polonicus Siuda, Hoogstraal, Clifford et Wassef, 1979 collected in Czechoslovakia and Poland. Statistically significant differences in five quantitative characters studied, in which the larvae of both wild populations differed from one another, disappeared during three generations of laboratory rearing. The variability of these characters was lower in laboratory populations than in field collected ticks. The results of hybridization experiments and analysis of variability of larvae of individual populations and parental pairs suggest that rather adaptive than genetic variation is involved. The genetic component of the variation is inferior and is expressed probably by dominant relations between alleles of the same locus, or by different types of non-allelic interactions.  相似文献   

Acclimation abilities of three tropical rainforest seedlings to an increase in light intensity     

J. W. Claussen 《Forest Ecology and Management》1996,80(1-3):245-255

Current practices in many nurseries involve the germination of tropical rainforest seedlings in shaded conditions and transferral, at a later date, to environments with greater light intensities. Determination of the ability of these seedlings to acclimate to increased light intensities will allow seedling stock to be processed with maximum efficiency within the nursery. The acclimation abilities of three species, Agyrodendron actinophyllum, Cardwellia sublimis, and Flindersia brayleyana, commonly found in north Queensland's rainforests were investigated in this study. These particular species are highly valued for their cabinet timber qualities and are being reared in nurseries for use in reforestation trials and programs in north Queensland. Seedlings were initially raised in greenhouse conditions under two layers of shade cloth (16% of full sunlight) and then transferred into full sunlight at three different ages (3 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks). Upon transfer, organ ratios and the direction of dry matter distribution was determined for each species and age group. Approximately 3 months after the seedlings were transferred, the acclimation ability of each species and age group was then determined. Dry matter distribution was found to change with age, irrespective of light environment. Individuals within a species with larger root systems and thicker or more dense leaves had a greater acclimation ability than those with smaller root systems and thinner or less dense leaves. Furthermore, individuals within a species whose dry matter distribution upon transfer was directed towards developing a large root system, and a small photosynthetic area and mass, had a greater acclimation ability than those whose dry matter distribution was directed away from such morphologies. Awareness of these relationships allows a better understanding of seedling response to gap formation in natural forests, and also allows plant nursery operators to make a more informed decision about when to move seedlings to environments with a higher light intensity.  相似文献   

杉木优良种源在苏南低山丘陵地区的推广应用     

/Lu xiangsheng et al. 《江苏林业科技》1996,23(2):10-13

本文报道了杉木优良源在江苏南部低山丘陵地区推广的背景和依据，组织体系，措施与配套技术，推广情况及其经济，生态，社会效益。  相似文献   

银荆引种育苗试验   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

朱洪莲  蒋小弟 《江苏林业科技》1996,23(2):35-37

报道了引种银荆过程中播种，芽移育苗，苗木生长及其抗冻性，耐涝性，病害发生情况。  相似文献   

对江苏省发展木片生产的几点思考     

崔晓  朱金华 《江苏林业科技》1996,23(2):62-64

论述了江苏发展木片生产的意义和现状，分析了存在的问题及有利条件，提出了８条切实可行的建议。  相似文献