Effect of dorsal hip loading,sedation, and general anesthesia on the dorsolateral subluxation score in dogs     

Todhunter RJ  Bertram JE  Smith S  Farese JP  Williams AJ  Manocchia A  Erb HN  Dykes NL  Burton-Wurster NI  Lust G 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(3):196-205

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dorsal loading of the pelvis and type of chemical restraint affected the dorsolateral subluxation (DLS) score of dog hips. STYDY DESIGN: In vivo testing of diagnostic method. ANIMALS: Labrador retrievers, Greyhounds, and crosses between both breeds (n = 119 dogs). METHODS: Dorsal load was applied to the hips through a strap that was placed over the hips, and the peak vertical and steady-state vertical, ground-reaction forces exerted on the stifles were measured in the DLS position. The DLS score was measured with their hips under dorsal load and compared with the DLS score without load. For 24 dogs, the DLS score was measured both under chemical restraint (medetomidine) and under general anesthesia. Wilcoxon-signed rank test and paired t test was used to compare effects of dorsal load and restraint method on the left and right DLS hip score, and P <.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Both stifles together accepted median 15% body weight in the vertical plane in the unloaded steady state. Loading the hips increased the steady-state, vertical ground-reaction force to 34% body weight. At 8 months of age, loading significantly decreased the DLS score from 65% +/- 11% (mean +/- SD) to 60% +/- 12% for left hips and 66% +/- 11% to 63% +/- 13% for right hips. The left hip DLS score was affected by load more consistently than the right hip. In general, loading the hips decreased the DLS score in all breeds by 4% to 6% except for the greyhounds, in which the DLS score was unchanged by dorsal loading. When grouped by their DLS scores, load significantly decreased DLS scores in dogs with unloaded scores greater than 55% (nondysplastic), whereas DLS scores of dogs with unloaded scores between 55% and 45% (dysplastic) and less than 45% did not change significantly with load. Unloaded scores did not change significantly when compared under sedation versus general anesthesia. However, load significantly decreased the DLS score under general anesthesia for the left hip but not for the right hip. CONCLUSIONS: Less than half of the vertical ground-reaction force normally exerted by the hindlegs of a standing dog was sufficient to induce hip subluxation in the DLS position. Although dorsal loading approximately doubled the steady-state, vertical ground-reaction force, the decrease in the DLS score under load was never greater than 6%. Furthermore, the DLS scores of dogs most likely to be dysplastic (based on DLS scores <45%) were not affected by load, whereas load slightly decreased DLS cores of dogs with DLS scores greater than 55%. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: External influences can change the DLS score significantly, but the magnitude of change is unlikely to be of clinical importance, making the method useful as a field screening test for both dysplastic and nondysplastic hips in young dogs.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the bispectral index as an indicator of degree of central nervous system depression in isoflurane-anesthetized horses     

Haga HA  Dolvik NI 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(3):438-442

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the bispectral index (BIS) can be used as an indicator of degree of CNS depression in isoflurane-anesthetized horses. ANIMALS: 10 Standardbred and 6 Norwegian cold-blooded trotter stallions admitted for routine castration. PROCEDURE: A 2-channel referential electrode configuration was used to record EEG for calculation of BIS by the EEG monitor. The BIS was calculated before (awake) and after (sedated) administration of detomidine (0.01 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and butorphanol (0.01 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was induced with ketamine hydrochloride (2.5 mg/kg, IV) and diazepam (0.04 mg/kg, IV) and maintained with isoflurane delivered in oxygen. The BIS was calculated after 30 minutes of equilibration at an end-tidal isoflurane concentration of 1.4% (n = 8) or 1.9% (8) and recorded continuously during surgery. RESULTS: Bispectral index was significantly less in sedated and anesthetized horses, compared with awake horses. However, BIS was not significantly different between sedated and anesthetized horses. Mean BIS in horses anesthetized at 1.9% isoflurane was significantly greater, compared with horses anesthetized at an end-tidal concentration of 1.4%. Four horses in the 1.4% group moved during surgery, and BIS increased immediately prior to movement in 2 of these horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: BIS is not a precise indicator of degree of CNS depression in isoflurane-anesthetized horses. Thus, determination of BIS may not be a useful technique for monitoring anesthetic depth in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.  相似文献   

饲料中磺胺类药物的薄层色谱检测方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩凤丽  董紫凌  宋平  李娟  曲韵坤 《饲料研究》2007,(9):20-22

建立饲料中磺胺类药物(磺胺二甲基嘧啶和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶)多残留检测的薄层色谱法。用二氯甲烷提取饲料样品中的药物,离心后将提取液蒸干。采用高效硅胶G板为固定相,以氯仿与叔丁醇比例85∶15为展开剂,喷以0.01%荧光胺,置紫外灯(365nm)下检视。2种药物分离良好,斑点显色清晰且无干扰。回收率约为60%,检出限为0.05μg/mL。  相似文献   

拖拉机机械失灵事故防范     

宋平  颜鸿 《湖南农机》2009,(2)

拖拉机在行驶中发生机械失灵．处置不当则会导致严重交通事故。驾驶员对机车性能、行驶原理和安全常识要有较好理解．甚至脑海里有处置险情及突发故障的方案．以便应对突发事件及险情。  相似文献   

楠竹小母竹造林与大母竹造林的比较研究     

全新  向宗师  刘永浩  刘八英  宋平 《内蒙古林业调查设计》2008,31(2):74-76

本试验研究了楠竹实生苗培育的小母竹造林与传统楠竹大母竹造林在造林成本、成林成材时间,形成的竹林在年平均胸径增长量、胸径与地径比以及经济和生态效益等方面的差异性,分析比较得出小母竹造林比大母竹造林在造林成本、成林成材时间、生长量、材质和效益等方面的优越性,为大力推广楠竹小母竹造林的可行性提供依据。  相似文献   

对大学生剩余学习精力的调查与分析     

宋平 《郑州牧专学报》1998,18(2):50-52,72

  相似文献   

大学生思想政治状况调查报告     

戴天增  吴静  宋平  刘岱 《郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报》2004,24(2):114-116

为进一步了解和掌握我校大学生的思想状况,有针对性的开展学生教育,学工部于2003年12月份,对我校在校大学生的思想政治状况进行了调查和研究.  相似文献   

湖南省世行贷款“国家造林项目”造林成效调查分析     

陈光辉  宋平 《四川林勘设计》1997,(4):13-15,18

湖南省１９９１的开展纪行贷款“国家造林项目”造林，到１９９４年完成造林１０８６７１ｈｍ＾２。从１９９３－１９９６年先后对满三年的幼林进行了成效调查、分析、评价。，其面积核实率９９．８％，造林平均保存率９５．７％，幼林高生长达标率９４．１％，造林成效显著。  相似文献   

Ethnic differences in 1-year follow-up effect of the Dutch Schoolgruiten Project - promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among primary-school children     

Tak NI  Te Velde SJ  Brug J 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(12):1497-1507

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a primary school-based intervention providing free fruit and vegetables (F&V), separately for children of Dutch and of non-Western ethnicity. SETTING: Primary schools in two regions (west and east) in The Netherlands. DESIGN AND METHODS: Participating schoolchildren and their parents completed questionnaires at baseline and 1 year later, including questions on usual F&V intake, potential determinants and general demographics. Primary outcomes were the usual fruit intake and the usual vegetable intake as assessed by parent- and child self-reported food frequency measures. Secondary outcome measures were child- or parent-reported taste preference, knowledge of daily recommendations, availability, and accessibility for fruit intake. Multilevel regression analyses were used to assess differences at follow-up adjusted for baseline values between the control and intervention group using both child and parent reports. SUBJECTS: Five hundred and sixty-five children of Dutch ethnicity and 388 children of non-Western ethnicity (mean age 9.9 years at baseline) and their parents. RESULTS: Children of non-Western ethnicity in the intervention group reported a significantly higher vegetable intake (difference = 20.7 g day-1, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 7.6-33.7). A significant positive intervention effect was also found for fruit intake for children of Dutch ethnicity (difference = 0.23 pieces day-1, 95% CI = 0.07-0.39). No significant effects in intake were observed based on parent reports. Significant positive intervention effects were also found for perceived accessibility among children of non-Western ethnicity, as well as for parent-reported taste preference of their child among children of non-Western ethnicity and boys of Dutch ethnicity.CONCLUSION: Providing children with free F&V had some positive effects on child-reported intakes and important correlates of intakes.  相似文献   

鲢鳙线粒体DNA的九种限制性内切酶酶切图谱的比较   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18  

宋平  李小迎 《水产学报》1994,18(3):221-230

以十一种限制性内切酶对鲢鱼ｍｔＤＮＡ进行单酶完全酶解的切点数：ＳａＩ和ＢｇｌⅡ为０；Ｐｓｔ Ｉ．Ｋｐｎ Ｉ和Ｓａｃ ｉ为１；Ｈｐａ和Ｘｂａ Ｉ为２；ＢａｍＨ Ｉ为３；Ｂｇｌ Ｉ和ＥｃｏＲ Ｉ为４。以九种限制性内切酶对鳙鱼ｍｔＤＮＡ进行单酶完全酶解，其切点数：Ｐｓｔ Ｉ．Ｘｈｏ Ｉ．Ｓａｌ Ｉ．Ｋｐｎ Ｉ．Ｂｇｌ Ⅱ均为１；Ｈｐａ Ｉ和Ｘｂａ Ｉ为２；Ｓａｃ Ｉ为３；Ｂｇｌ Ｉ为４。采用琼脂糖凝胶电  相似文献