M. Martin, Small Animal ECGs – An Introductory Guide, 2nd ed., Blackwell, 2007, ISBN 9781405141604, 120pp; £24.99 (soft).     

Anne T. French   《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,176(3)

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Network analysis of wildlife translocations in New Zealand     

M Van Andel  K McInnes  T Tana  NP French 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2016,64(3):169-173

AIMS: To identify network measures with relevance to disease spread in a network of movements derived from the Department of Conservation (DOC) translocation records from 1970 to mid-2014, and to identify conservation sites that should be prioritised for surveillance activities and improvements to data collection to make the best use of network analysis techniques in the future.

METHODS: Data included the source and destination of translocated specimens, the species and the dates the translocations were expected to occur. The data were used to construct a directed, non-weighted network in which a translocation event represented a tie in the network. Network density, in-degree (movements entering a node of interest) and out-degree (movements leaving a node of interest) and reciprocity were calculated.

RESULTS: The data analysed consisted of 692 unique translocations between 307 sites, with the majority (518; 73%) being for birds. The constructed network for bird, reptile and frog translocations comprised 260 nodes, with 34/260 (13%) having two-way movements and 47/260 (18%) non-reciprocal movements. The median degree score (sum of in- and out-degree) was two (min 0, max 36) with a mean of 3.5 in a right skewed distribution. Most sites acted as receivers or senders of consignments with only a few having both high in- and high out-degree, and thus had characteristics that made them sites of interest for surveillance activities. These included the National Wildlife Centre at Mount Bruce, Tiritiri Matangi Island and Te Kakahu (Chalky Island).

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of linking sites that join larger clusters within the network creates the potential for rapid disease spread if a pathogen were to be introduced. The important sites that supply or receive specimens for translocations are already well recognised by those performing translocations in New Zealand, and this paper provides further information by quantifying their role within the network.  相似文献   

Non-disease problems influencing livestock production in developing regions     

M. H. French 《Tropical animal health and production》1970,2(1):1-12

Resumen Por falta de calorías y proteínas más de 300 millones de ni?os sufren de crecimiento y desarrollo retardado, al mismo tiempo que el desarrollo mental, la habilidad de aprender y comportamiento general de muchos puede da?arse. Desgraciadamente la producción mundial de alimentos no marcha al mismo paso que el aumento de población no obstante los ensayos actuales para aparejarlos. Además, esfuerzos en gran escala son necesarios para aumentar la calidad y cantidad de alimentos convencionales de fuentes agrícolas, pesqueras y pecuarias; se está haciendo algo también para producir alimentos proteínicos de tipo no convencional de fuentes vegetales, levadura, hongos, microorganismos y materiales sintéticos. Este artículo trata solamente con los aumentos de producción de proteínas animales tradicionales tales como carne, leche, huevos y sus derivados ya que tales alimentos son bien recibidos por un gran porcentaje de la problación mundial y van a seguir en demanda después de que se hayan desarrollado los nuevos substitutos.

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Résumé A cause de l'insuffisance des rations en calories et en protéines, plus de 300 millions d'enfants souffrent de retard dans leur croissance et leur développement physique, tandis qu'un très grand nombre d'entre eux voit leur développement mental, leur capacité à apprendre et leur comportement général très altérés. Malheureusement la production alimentaire mondiale ne marche pas du même pas que l'accroissement des populations en dépit des efforts faits pour essayer de combler ce déficit. Par ailleurs, des essais à très grande échelle sont nécessaires pour augmenter la quantité et la qualité des aliments conventionnels issus de l'agriculture, des pêches et des productions animales; on essaie aussi de produire des protéines alimentaires non conventionnelles à partir de sources végétales, de levures, de champignons, de microorganismes et même de matériaux synthétiques. Cet article traite seulement des accroissements de rendement des protéines animales traditionnelles issues des viandes, du lait, des oeufs et de leurs sousproduits, étant donné que de tels aliments sont aisément acceptés par un haut pourcentage de la population mondiale et que leur demande continuera après que les aliments nouveaux auront été élaborés.

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Freedom from Tritrichomonas foetus infection in cattle in St. Kitts     

Coker  Kimberly E.  Lim  Joseph J.  Schleisman  Rebecca L.  Vosloo  Christopher  French  Hilari M.  Samper  Juan C.  Callanan  John J.  Gilbert  Robert O.  Sithole  Fortune  Yao  Chaoqun  Chapwanya  Aspinas 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(5):1171-1173

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Trichomonosis is an endemic disease in cattle that are reared under extensive conditions and bred by natural mating. It causes profound economic...  相似文献   

Phenylbutazone induces equine glandular gastric disease without decreasing prostaglandin E2 concentrations          下载免费PDF全文

S. K. Pedersen  A. E. Cribb  E. K. Read  D. French  H. E. Banse 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(2):239-245

In equids, phenylbutazone at high doses induces gastric disease, primarily in the glandular portion of the stomach. However, the mechanism of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)‐induced gastric disease in horses has yet to be determined. While phenylbutazone‐associated ulceration is often attributed to a decrease in basal gastric prostaglandins, this has not been demonstrated in the horse. Twelve horses were randomly assigned to treatment (n  = 6; 4.4 mg/kg phenylbutazone PO in 20 ml molasses q 12 hr for 7 days) or placebo (n  = 6; 20 ml molasses PO q 12 hr for 7 days) groups. Before treatment and 3 and 7 days after initiation of treatment, gastroscopy was performed and glandular gastric biopsies were collected and frozen at ?80°C. Glandular disease was assessed on a scale of 0–4. Prostaglandin E₂ concentrations in biopsies were measured using a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All phenylbutazone‐treated horses developed grade ≥2 glandular disease. Prostaglandin concentrations increased over time (p  = .0017), but there was no effect of treatment (p  = .49). These findings indicate that despite induction of glandular disease grade ≥2, phenylbutazone did not decrease basal glandular gastric prostaglandin E₂ concentration.  相似文献   

Evaluation of benazepril in cats with heart disease in a prospective,randomized, blinded,placebo‐controlled clinical trial     

Jonathan N. King  Mike Martin  Valrie Chetboul  Luca Ferasin  Anne T. French  Günther Strehlau  Wolfgang Seewald  Sarah G. W. Smith  Simon T. Swift  Susan L. Roberts  Andrea M. Harvey  Christopher J. L. Little  Sarah M. A. Caney  Kerry E. Simpson  Andrew H. Sparkes  Eleanor J. Mardell  Eric Bomassi  Claude Muller  John P. Sauvage  Armelle Diqulou  Matthias A. Schneider  Laurence J. Brown  David D. Clarke  Jean‐Francois Rousselot 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(6):2559-2571

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Pulsed tissue Doppler imaging in normal cats and cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy     

Koffas H  Dukes-McEwan J  Corcoran BM  Moran CM  French A  Sboros V  Simpson K  McDicken WN 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(1):65-77

Myocardial motion was quantified in normal cats (n = 25) and cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (n = 23) using the pulsed tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) technique. A physiologic nonuniformity was documented in the myocardial motion of normal cats, which was detected as higher early diastolic velocities, acceleration, and deceleration in the interventricular septum compared with the left ventricular free wall (LVFW). HCM cats exhibited lower early diastolic velocities, acceleration, and deceleration and also prolonged isovolumic relaxation time compared with normal cats. These differences were detected mainly along the longitudinal axis of the heart. A cutoff value of E' in the LVFW along the longitudinal axis >7.2 cm/s discriminated normal from HCM cats with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 87%. The physiologic nonuniformity of myocardial motion during diastole was lost in affected cats. Systolic impairment (decreased late-systolic velocities in most segments along the longitudinal axis and decreased early systolic acceleration in both mitral annular sites) was evident in HCM cats irrespective of the presence of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and congestive heart failure. Postsystolic thickening was recorded in the LVFW along the longitudinal axis only in affected cats (n = 6) and was another finding indicative of systolic impairment in the HCM of this species. This study identified both diastolic and systolic impairment in cats with HCM compared with normal cats. The study also documents the normal physiologic nonhomogeneity in myocardial motion in cats and the subsequent loss of this feature in the HCM diseased state.  相似文献   

Preclinical dilated cardiomyopathy in the dobermann     

Summerfield N  Dukes-McEwan J  Swift S  Patteson M  Wotton P  Martin M  Johnson M  Boswood A  Fuentes VL  French A  Culshaw G  Little C  Smith P  Smith S  Willis R 《The Veterinary record》2006,158(21):742-743

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Efficacy of Pimobendan in the Prevention of Congestive Heart Failure or Sudden Death in Doberman Pinschers with Preclinical Dilated Cardiomyopathy (The PROTECT Study)     

N.J. Summerfield  A. Boswood  M.R. O'Grady  S.G. Gordon  J. Dukes‐McEwan  M.A. Oyama  S. Smith  M. Patteson  A.T. French  G.J. Culshaw  L. Braz‐Ruivo  A. Estrada  M.L. O'Sullivan  J. Loureiro  R. Willis  P. Watson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(6):1337-1349

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Bovine intelectins: cDNA sequencing and expression in the bovine intestine     

Blease SC  French AT  Knight PA  Gally DL  Pemberton AD 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(2):254-256

Intelectins (Itlns) are lectins with potential roles in innate immunity, capable of binding bacteria via galactofuranose residues. Itlns also function as intestinal receptors for the antimicrobial glycoprotein lactoferrin (Lf). Since Lf binds strongly to enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC), we aimed to determine the expression of Lf receptor in terminal rectum, the site of predilection of EHEC in cattle. We sequenced two bovine intelectins (Itln1 and Itln2) and showed that both were expressed in abomasum and rectum, but expression appeared minimal in the jejunum. There was significantly higher expression of Itln2 in terminal rather than proximal rectum. Lactoferrin was expressed in all samples examined. Thus, we have demonstrated two novel bovine Itlns and shown that they are expressed along with Lf in the gastrointestinal tract, where they may interact with microbial pathogens.  相似文献