Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity in cultured canine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs)     

Haraguchi T  Tani K  Koga M  Oda Y  Itamoto K  Yamamoto N  Terai S  Sakaida I  Nakazawa H  Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):633-636

Autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) infusion therapy improves the hepatic fibrosis. To investigate the mechanism of remission, we evaluated the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 activity in canine BMSCs and the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on their expression. The activity and the gene expression of MMPs were analyzed by gelatin zymography and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. The specific gelatinase bands were indicative effect of MMP-2 and -9 in canine BMSCs. MMP-2 expression seemed to be increased by TNF-α and IL-1β while MMP-9 was enhanced by TNF-α and IL-6. These results suggested that remissive effect on liver fibrosis might be partly attributable to the MMP-2 and -9 activity in BMSCs under the inflammatory condition.  相似文献   

Heterotrophic respiration causes seasonal hysteresis in soil respiration in a warm-temperate forest     

Yuji Kominami  Mayuko Jomura  Mioko Ataka  Koji Tamai  Takafumi Miyama  Masako Dannoura  Naoki Makita  Kenichi Yoshimura 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(3):296-304

To assess the effect of changes in organic litter stock on seasonal changes in heterotrophic respiration (R _H), soil respiration (R _S), and total ecosystem respiration (R _E), we measured seasonal changes in leaf litter respiration (R _LL) by the chamber method and estimated the seasonal change in total R _H using the RothC model in a warm-temperate mixed deciduous?Cevergreen forest in Japan. Both R _E and R _S had seasonal hysteresis and were higher in spring than at the same temperature during autumn. Under warm and humid conditions, the rate of decomposition of newly supplied leaf litter in one?year was high (60% loss). Consequently, R _LL and R _H were higher in spring after leaf drop, when more fresh material was available, than in autumn. In this study, 42 and 88% of the difference in R _E and R _S between spring and autumn (soil temperature 16?C18°C) could be accounted for by the difference in R _H, respectively, and 71% of the difference in R _H could be accounted for by the difference in R _LL. This study showed that seasonal changes in heterotrophic respiration (R _LL and R _H) could be a major factor in the seasonal hysteresis of R _E and R _S.  相似文献   

A simple and efficient transient transformation for hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides)     

N Takata  ME Eriksson 《Plant methods》2012,8(1):30

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Changes in the bacterial community and composition of fermentation products during ensiling of wilted Italian ryegrass and wilted guinea grass silages     

Yanbing Li  Naoki Nishino 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(8):607-612

To gain further insights into temperate and tropical grass ensiling, fermentation products and bacterial communities were examined at both the initial and late stages of ensiling of wilted Italian ryegrass and wilted guinea grass silages. 2,3‐Butanediol and ethanol fermentation were observed in wilted Italian ryegrass silage. Enterobacteria such as Rahnella sp. and Enterobacter sp. may have been involved in fermentation; however, alcohol production was intensified after the silage enterobacterial community overwhelmed the pre‐ensiled enterobacterial community. Pediococcus spp. appeared in silage stored for 4 months, when a significant increase in lactic acid content was seen compared with that at 2 months. Prolonged storage enhanced acetic acid fermentation in wilted guinea grass silage. The disappearance of Enterococcus sulfureus and appearance of Lactobacillus plantarum may have been associated with the increased acetic acid content. Although many species of enterobacteria were found in common between the pre‐ensiled crop and silages of Italian ryegrass and guinea grass, marked differences were seen in the type of fermentation from the initial stages. These results indicate that the bacterial community of pre‐ensiled crops may be immediately replaced by one that is adapted to ensiling environments, although metabolic changes may continue over the course of ensiling.  相似文献   

Glycosylated Porphyra-334 and Palythine-Threonine from the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium Nostoc commune     

Ehsan Nazifi  Naoki Wada  Minami Yamaba  Tomoya Asano  Takumi Nishiuchi  Seiichi Matsugo  Toshio Sakamoto 《Marine drugs》2013,11(9):3124-3154

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are water-soluble UV-absorbing pigments, and structurally different MAAs have been identified in eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria. In this study novel glycosylated MAAs were found in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune (N. commune). An MAA with an absorption maximum at 334 nm was identified as a hexose-bound porphyra-334 derivative with a molecular mass of 508 Da. Another MAA with an absorption maximum at 322 nm was identified as a two hexose-bound palythine-threonine derivative with a molecular mass of 612 Da. These purified MAAs have radical scavenging activities in vitro, which suggests multifunctional roles as sunscreens and antioxidants. The 612-Da MAA accounted for approximately 60% of the total MAAs and contributed approximately 20% of the total radical scavenging activities in a water extract, indicating that it is the major water-soluble UV-protectant and radical scavenger component. The hexose-bound porphyra-334 derivative and the glycosylated palythine-threonine derivatives were found in a specific genotype of N. commune, suggesting that glycosylated MAA patterns could be a chemotaxonomic marker for the characterization of the morphologically indistinguishable N. commune. The glycosylation of porphyra-334 and palythine-threonine in N. commune suggests a unique adaptation for terrestrial environments that are drastically fluctuating in comparison to stable aquatic environments.  相似文献   

Transcription profile of chemokine receptors,cytokines and cytotoxic markers in peripheral blood of dogs with epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma     

Naoki Chimura  Aki Iio  Eiji Ozaki  Takashi Mori  Yusuke Ito  Nobuo Murayama  Masahiko Nagata  Kaori Ide  Koji Nishifuji  Hiroaki Kamishina  Sadatoshi Maeda 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(6):628-e155

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Soil carbon budget in a single-cropping paddy field with rice straw application and water management based on soil redox potential   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kazunori MINAMIKAWA  Naoki SAKAI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2007,53(5):657-667

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Efficiency of a pedometer device for detecting estrus in standing heat and silent heat in Japanese Black cattle          下载免费PDF全文

Takuo Hojo  Miki Sakatani  Naoki Takenouchi 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(8):1067-1072

The usefulness of a radiotelemetric pedometer for estrus detection in standing (ST) heat, or in silent heat without ST events, but in which ovulation is observed, in Japanese Black cattle was investigated. The duration of an increase in steps in ST heat was 11.8 ± 1.3 hr, and it was similar to that of ST events (duration: 10.1 ± 0.8 hr). Even in silent heat, the change pattern and the duration (11.6 ± 0.2 hr) of the period with an increase in steps during estrus were not different compared with ST heat. When artificial insemination (AI) was performed at 15.5 ± 0.6 hr from the onset of estrus detected by the pedometer in ST heat cases, the conception rate was 57.1% (8/14). Furthermore, fertility in cattle that underwent silent heat was evaluated. When AI was performed at 14.4 ± 2.0 hr from the onset of estrus detected by the pedometer, the conception rate was 60% (3/5) in silent heat cases. The overall results suggest that the radiotelemetric pedometer is a valid device for detecting estrus and it can even detect silent heat in Japanese Black cattle. Moreover, even silent heat cattle are fertile when AI is performed at the appropriate time.  相似文献   

Identification of lactic acid bacteria in the feces of dairy cows fed whole crop maize silage to assess the survival of silage bacteria in the gut          下载免费PDF全文

Hongyan Han  Chao Wang  Yanbing Li  Zhu Yu  Qingfang Xu  Guangpeng Li  Tang Thuy Minh  Naoki Nishino 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(1):97-104

In order to assess the survival of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in whole crop maize silage in the gut of dairy cows, one representative silage sample and three different feces samples were collected from dairy cows on three dairy farms in Hua Bei, China and three dairy farms in Kyushu, Japan. The composition of the bacterial community was examined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Lactobacillus acetotolerans was detected in all bunker‐made maize silage samples, regardless of the dairy farm or sampling region from which they were sourced. A total of eight LAB species were detected in the maize silage samples, of which three (L. acetotolerans, L. pontis and L. casei) appeared to survive digestion. The populations of L. acetotolerans in silage and feces were 10^6–7 and 10^3–4 copies/g, respectively, indicating that, even for the LAB species showing potential survival in the gut, competition in this niche may be harsh and the population may substantially decrease during the digestion process. It may be difficult for silage LAB to survive in the gut of silage‐fed dairy cows, because marked decrease in population can take place during the digestion process, even for surviving species.  相似文献   

Molecular Structure and Some Physicochemical Properties of High‐Amylose Barley Starches     

Yasushi Yoshimoto  Jyunko Tashiro  Tadahiro Takenouchi  Yasuhito Takeda 《Cereal Chemistry》2000,77(3):279-285

The molecular structure and some physicochemical properties of starches from two high‐amylose cultivars of barley, high‐amylose Glacier A (HAG‐A) and N (HAG‐N), were examined and compared with those of a normal cultivar, Normal Glacier (NG). The true amylose contents of HAG‐A, HAG‐N, and NG were 41.0, 33.4, and 23.0%, respectively. Iodine affinities before and after defatting of starch, and thermograms of differential scanning calorimetry, indicated that HAG‐A and HAG‐N starches had a higher proportion of amylose‐lipid complex than did NG starch. The amylopectins from HAG‐A and HAG‐N were similar to NG amylopectin in average chain length (18–19), β‐amylolysis limit (β‐AL 56–57%), number‐average degrees of polymerization (DP_n 6,000–7,500) and chain length distribution. Very long chains (1–2%) were found in amylopectins from all cultivars. HAG‐A amylopectin had a larger amount of phosphorus (214 ppm) than the others. The amyloses from HAG‐A and HAG‐N resembled NG amylose in DP_n (950–1,080) and β‐AL (70–74%). However, HAG‐A and HAG‐N had a larger number of chains per molecule (NC 2.4–2.7) than NG amylose (1.8) and contained the branched amylose with a higher NC (9.5–10.6) than that of NG amylose (5.8), although molar fractions of the branched amylose (15–20%) were similar.  相似文献