Habitat use, predicted distribution and conservation of green peafowl (Pavo muticus) in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam     

Nick W. Brickle 《Biological conservation》2002,105(2):189-197

In the last few decades, green peafowl numbers have declined drastically across their south-east Asian range, primarily, it is believed, due to human persecution and loss of habitat. They were formerly common across Vietnam, but are now restricted to a few central provinces. In this study green peafowl were surveyed in Dak Lak province, Vietnam, using a point-count methodology to assess their status and distribution, and to investigate their habitat use. Results showed that the most used habitat was dry deciduous forest with access to permanent water and free from human disturbance. Green peafowl density was lower in mixed and evergreen forest and lower when water was distant and/or human settlement was nearby. A map of predicted distribution was created which predicted that eastern and north-eastern Dak Lak are important areas containing much of the remaining habitat and populations of green peafowl. Several key river systems within this area were predicted to be of particular value. Deciduous forest < 2 km from water and > 2 km from human settlement was estimated to occupy only 3% of the province but to hold 37% of green peafowl. Conservation of green peafowl in Dak Lak, and elsewhere, should concentrate on maintaining undisturbed access to permanent water within large tracts of dry deciduous forest. The spread of human settlement presents the greatest threat; both directly due to hunting pressure and habitat loss and indirectly by preventing access to water in otherwise suitable areas.  相似文献   

Assessing the statistical training in animal science graduate programs in the United States: survey on statistical training     

Nick V L Sero  Amy L Petry  Leticia P Sanglard  Mariana C Rossoni-Sero  Jennifer M Bundy 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)

Statistical analysis of data and understanding of experimental design are critical skills needed by animal science graduate students (ASGS). These skills are even more valuable with the increased development of high-throughput technologies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceived statistical training of U.S. ASGS. A survey with 38 questions was shared across U.S. universities, and 416 eligible ASGS from 43 universities participated in this study. The survey included questions on the demographics and overall training, graduate education on statistics, and self-assessment on statistics and career path of ASGS. Several analyses were performed: relationship between perceived received education (PRE; i.e., how ASGS evaluated their graduate education in statistics) and perceived knowledge (PK; i.e., how ASGS evaluated their knowledge in statistics from their education); ranking of statistical topics based on PRE, PK, and confidence in performing statistical analyses (CPSA); cluster analysis of statistical topics for PRE, PK, and CPSA; and factors (demographic, overall training, interest in statistics, and field of study) associated with the overall scores (OS) for PRE, PK, and CPSA. Students had greater (P < 0.05) PRE than PK for most of the statistical topics included in this study. The moderate to high repeatability of answers within statistical topics indicates substantial correlations in ASGS answers between PRE and PK. The cluster analysis resulted in distinct groups of “Traditional” and “Nontraditional” statistical topics. ASGS showed lower (P < 0.05) scores of PRE, PK, and CPSA in “Nontraditional” compared with “Traditional” statistical methods. Several factors were associated (P < 0.05) with the OS of PRE, PK, and CSPA. In general, factors related to greater training and interest in statistics of ASGS were associated with greater OS, such as taking more credits in statistics courses, having additional training in statistics outside the classroom, knowing more than one statistics software, and more. This study provided comprehensive information on the perceived level of education, knowledge, and confidence in statistics in ASGS in the United States. Although objective measurements of their training in statistics are needed, the current study suggests that ASGS have limited statistical training on topics of major importance for the current and future trends of data-driven research in animal sciences.  相似文献   

Evaluation and QTL mapping of phosphorus concentration in soybean seed   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Keith E. King  Nick Lauter  Shun Fu Lin  M. Paul Scott  Randy C. Shoemaker 《Euphytica》2013,189(2):261-269

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient required for many biological and metabolic plant functions. Phosphate is the form of P used by plants. Reducing the amount of P in the seed can further aide breeding efforts to reduce the amount of P released into the environment due to the indigestibility of the complexes formed with metal ions. Analysis of the variation of phosphorus concentration in soybean seed under non-stressed conditions revealed that phosphorus ranged from 3,948.1 to 5,695.8???g/g total phosphorous (TP) in combined years. The averages for independent years were significantly different from one another. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of TP was performed to identify candidate gene(s) that is (are) involved in P accumulation in soybean seed. One putative QTL region was identified on chromosome 12 in the combined data that contained a phosphate transporter gene. Two additional suggestive QTL were identified on chromosomes 7 and 17 with chromosome 7 having both a phosphate transport gene and a ZIP transporter gene in the region of the QTL. There were additional genes in these regions that are involved in phosphate metabolism and transport.  相似文献   

Is there a relationship between foot conformation and foot lesions in lame horses?     

Kate Holroyd  Jonathan J. Dixon  Tim Mair  Nick Bolas  Renate Weller 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

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The control of the annual growth cycle in raspberry     

James G. Carew  Trudi Gillespie  Julie White  Henry Wainwright  Rex Brennan  Nick H. Battey 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):495-503

Summary

The Brassicaceae (syn. Cruciferae) is an economically important botanical family providing a diverse range of foliar, root and seed crops for both human and domesticated animal consumption. However, in common with other plant species the Brassicacae have been endowed with the capacity to synthesize a range of antinutritional compounds, the most important of which are the glucosinolates, S-methylcysteine sulfoxide, tannins and erucic acid. In this review the adverse and possible beneficial effects of the inclusion of these compounds in human and animal diets are reviewed together with their chemistry, biosynthesis and methods for their analysis.  相似文献   

Characterisation of the thermodormancy response in the everbearing strawberry ‘Everest’.     

Alexandra Wagstaffe  H. Nick Battey 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):1086-1092

Summary

Temperature regimes that induce and ameliorate cropping troughs (“thermodormancy”) were evaluated over two seasons for the everbearing strawberry ‘Everest’. When plants were exposed to 26°C for 5, 10, 20 or 30 d in July, heat-induced troughs in cropping were observed in August. An important discovery was that cool (13°C) night temperatures ameliorated the severity of thermodormancy. In this study, thermodormancy appeared to be due principally to flower abortion post-anthesis, as large numbers of flowers emerged in mid-July, during the high temperature treatments, but went on to produce low fruit numbers in mid-August. Flower initiation itself (monitored by crown dissection) was not reduced by high temperatures. The observation that night-time temperature is critical for thermodormancy has significance for commercial production, in which protected cropping tends to increase average temperatures throughout the season, and venting tends to focus on day-time temperatures.  相似文献   

Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel sclerotiorin analogues     

Lin L  Mulholland N  Wu QY  Beattie D  Huang SW  Irwin D  Clough J  Gu YC  Yang GF 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(18):4480-4491

Sclerotiorin 1, first isolated from Penicillium sclerotiorum, has weak antifungal activity and belongs to the azaphilone-type family of natural products. Several series of sclerotiorin analogues were designed and synthesized with the aim of discovering novel fungicides with improved activity. The syntheses involved two key steps, cycloisomerization and then oxidation, and used a simple and efficient Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction to construct the required functionalized precursor. With sclerotiorin as a control, the activities of the newly synthesized analogues were evaluated against seven fungal pathogens, and several promising candidates (compounds 3a?, 3d?, 3e?, 3f? and 3k?) with greater activity and simpler structures than sclerotiorin were discovered. In addition, preliminary structure-activity relationships were studied, which revealed that not only the chlorine or bromine substituent at the 5-position of the nucleus but also the phenyl group at the 3-position and the substituent pattern on it contributed crucially to the observed antifungal activity. Analogues with a methyl substituent at the 1-position have reduced levels of activity, while those with a free hydroxyl group in place of acetoxy at the quaternary center of the bicyclic ring system retain activity.  相似文献   

Evolution Through Innovation in Aquaculture: A Critical Review of the Greek Mariculture Industry     

John A. Theodorou  Costas Perdikaris  Nick G. Filippopoulos 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):160-181

Marine aquaculture in Greece is a relatively new industry based on the culture of aquatic species such as the Mediterranean sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), and Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). In the early 1980s, the results of research and development were applied to develop pilot semiacademic commercial farms. Such farms were gradually moved to the industrial scale of today, producing some 80,00–120,000 tons of finfish and up to 25,000–35,000 tons of mussels annually. The problems encountered during the adaptation of innovation to the production and management of this blue revolution is critically discussed from the early developmental phases up to the present.  相似文献   

Habitat associations of invertebrates in reedbeds,with implications for management     

Chloe J. Hardman  Donna B. Harris  Jane Sears  Nick Droy 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2012,22(6):813-826

The “Crex crex” lament: Estimating landowners willingness to pay for corncrake conservation on Irish farmland     

Stephen Hynes  Nick Hanley 《Biological conservation》2009,142(1):180-188

This paper considers farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) to conserve an endangered Irish farmland bird, the corncrake (Crex crex). An Irish National Farm Survey is used to produce individual farm-level WTP estimates for the year 2006. These figures are then aggregated to obtain a total value figure for the farming community of corncrake conservation in Ireland. We focus on the willingness to pay of farmers rather than the WTP of the general Irish population, as farmers will ultimately be the ones that will have to take responsibility if targets set out in the All Ireland Action Plan for corncrake conservation are to be achieved. Quantifying willingness to pay on the part of farmers can help inform the design of agri-environment schemes aimed at improving conservation of many bird species on farmland. Results indicate that the non-market benefit of corncrake conservation in Ireland may significantly outweigh the costs of existing conservation schemes.  相似文献