Tolypocladium terricola sp. N., a new mosquito-killing species of the genus Tolypocladium Gams (Hyphomycetes).     

J Weiser  V Matha  A Jegorov 《Folia parasitologica》1991,38(4):363-369

A new entomopathogenic species of the genus Tolypocladium, T. terricola is described from a soil sample from Finalnd. From other known Tolypocladium species, T. terricola differs in morphology, production of secondary metabolites and possession of relatively strong mosquitocidal activity. The fungus is characterized by broad oval conidia (2.5 x 2 microns) with one pointed end which are produced in grape-like clusters, and are not firmly adherent. When treated with T. terricola, mosquito larvae show typical features of intoxication characterized by the concentration of larvae in the centre of cup, hanging by their siphons on the surface.  相似文献   

The life cycle of Rubenstrema opisthovitellinum So?tys, 1954 (Trematoda: Omphalometridae).     

V Nasincová  J Busta 《Folia parasitologica》1991,38(3):217-224

The life cycle of Rubenstrema opisthovitellinum So?tys, 1954, a parasite of shrews, is elucidated. The following developmental stages are described in detail: daughter sporocyst, cercaria, metacercaria, and adult. The freshwater snail Planorbarius corneus was found to be the first intermediate host in nature. The metacercariae were obtained from the larvae of mosquitoes Culex molestus and only exceptionally from snails Physa acuta. The adults were obtained from the small intestine of hamsters Mesocricetus auratus. The life cycle and the larval stages of R. opisthovitellinum are described for the first time.  相似文献   

Intestinal parasites: a study of human appendices   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

L Cerva  M Schrottenbaum  V Kliment 《Folia parasitologica》1991,38(1):5-9

Histological sections of 414 appendices were examined parasitologically. Enterobius vermicularis was found in 8.7%, eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides in 0.5%, trophozites of Dientamoeba fragilis in 4.8%, Endolimax nana in 2.2%, Entamoeba coli in 1% and cysts of Giardia intestinalis in 1.9% of cases. Appendicopathies associated with Enterobius were most frequent in the age group from 6 to 10 years (24.3%) and from 21 to 25 years (12.2%). Patients older than 15 years were practically women only. Dientamoeba was most frequent in the age group from 11 to 15 years (11.3%). In women D. fragilis was three times more frequent than in men. The coincidence of D. fragilis and E. vermicularis infections was 50%. No interactions were seen between the protozoans in the contents of the appendix and its mucous membrane. Statistical evaluation indicates possible etiologic role of E. vermicularis in the occurrence of acute appendicities. D. fragilis appears to be the most common intestinal protozoan parasite in Bohemia.  相似文献   

Purification and some serological relationships of tomato spotted wilt virus isolates occurring on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in the USA     

P. SREENIVASULU  J. W. DEMSKI  D. V. R. REDDY  R. A. NAIDU†  A. S. RATNA 《Plant pathology》1991,40(4):503-507

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Characterization of an isolate of beet mosaic virus from South Kazakhstan     

V. V. ROGOV  A. V. KARASEV†  A. A. AGRANOVSKY‡  N. I. GORBUNOVA 《Plant pathology》1991,40(4):515-523

A filamentous virus isolated from a sugar-beet plant showing systemic mosaic collected in South Kazakhstan was identified as an isolate of beet mosaic virus (BMV-K). BMV-K was transmitted by the green peach aphid Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner, and by sap inoculation to 11 out of 19 species from seven families tested. The virus could not be transmitted to Nicotiana tabacum, N. debneyi, N. glutinosa and N. clevelandii, cither mechanically or with M. persicae. The thermal inactivation point of BMV-K in sugar-beet sap was 55-60 C, dilution end point 1:1000 and longevity in vitro 2 days at 20 C. A purification procedure produced 1-5-3 mg of purified virus from 100 g of infected Stellaria media plants. Purified virus contained a single protein species of molecular weight 34 700 Da. In ELISA tests, BMV-K reacted positively with BMV-specifc antisera obtained from Japan. Germany and Portugal. By competitive DAS- ELISA, the virus isolate was shown to be closely serologically related to all the three isolates of BMV, and very distantly related to bean yellow mosaic and soy bean mosaic viruses.  相似文献   

Selection of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) varieties resistant to the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth     

A. OLIVIER  K. V. RAMAIAH  G. D. LEROUX 《Weed Research》1991,31(4):219-225

Pot and field experiments were performed in Burkina Faso in 1987 and 1988 to evaluate the resistance of selected ‘low-stimulant’ sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) varieties to the parasitic weed (Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. In a pot experiment, the variety IS-7777 supported the lowest number and had the latest emergence of Striga, compared with the other varieties tested. The varieties IS-14825, IS-6961, IS-7739, IS-14928 and IS-14975 also had signifi cantly lower numbers of emerged Striga per pot than the resistant control Framida. The resist ance of IS-7777 was confirmed in field experi ments, as was that of IS-7739, IS-6961 and IS-14928. However, the yield potential of these poorly adapted varieties was low in Striga-infested fields. The varieties IS-14975, IS–14825 and Seguetana Niarabougou exhibited a low susceptibility associated with a grain yield equivalent to that of the other varieties in farm fields infested by Striga. As Seguetana is already grown by Sahelian farmers, its use could be recommended in the absence of resistant varieties adapted to Sahelian agroclimatic conditions. The exceptionally high level of restance exhibited by IS-7777 could be exploited in studies on the genetics and mechanisms of resistance of the host plant to the parasite, as well as in sorghum improvement programmes.  相似文献   

Abstracts of papers presented at A meeting of the phytopathological society of Israel on disease-hazards and prospects of container-grown plants     

Y. Chen  Y. Inbar  S. Zilkah  A. Koren  M. Dinar  M. Gokkes  M. Raviv  R. Reuveni  Shlomot Medina  Y. Shamir  Orna Etzion  Orna Duvdevani  Y. Shor  R. Schayer  Ester Hadar  Ruhama Berliner  A. Gamliel  J. Katan  G. Kritzman  Leah Tsror  A. Nachmias  V. Weitsman  D. Mor  Y. Inbar  M. J. Boehm  H. A. J. Hoitink  Y. Hadar  Y. Elad  H. Yunis  H. Volpin  E. Pressman  A. Gamliel  J. Katan  M. Sachs 《Phytoparasitica》1991,19(2):161-170

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Comparative purification methods for determination of triadimenol residues in plant material     

Patricia V. Reynaud  Sylvaine D. Rolle  Louis De Cormis 《Pest management science》1991,32(1):121-131

Two procedures are described for the determination of residues of triadimenol and compared on cereal material. After extraction, purification is carried out by Florisil column chromatography in method I and by semi-preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatography in method II. Triadimenol residues are quantified by gas chromatography with a thermoionic detector. With method I, interference was observed but not with method II. This specific procedure has been tested on other plant materials. Recoveries in the range of 90–98% indicate that this procedure is suitable for residue analysis of this fungicide with detection limits of 0·008 mg kg^?1 in wheat grains, 0·03 mg kg^?1 in wheat straw and 0·004–0·008 mg kg^?1 in other plants. Maximum residue limits in France are: 0·1 mg kg^?1 in grain, 2·0 mg kg^?1 in straw and 1·0 mg kg^?1 in other vegetables and fruit.  相似文献   

Studies on pesticides based on coumarin. II. Synthesis and antifungal activity of ten 2-alkyl-7, 8-dihydro-3-hydroxynaphtho[1,2-c]chromen-6-ones     

Bharat B. Gupta  Raj V. Singh  Om P. Malik  Hans R. Kataria 《Pest management science》1987,21(1):51-55

A series of 2-alkyl-7, 8-dihydro-3-hydroxynaphtho[1,2-c]chromen-6-ones was synthesised by the condensation of ethyl 3, 4-dihydro-1-oxonaphthalene-2-carboxylate with substituted phenols in the presence of POCl₃. The compounds were characterised and tested for their toxicity towards the mycelial growth of seven phytopathogenic fungi in culture. Drechslera oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum falcatum exhibited maximum sensitivity to these compounds whereas Macro-phomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani, Alternaria alternata and Pythium aphanidermatum were less sensitive. 2-Ethyl-7, 8-dihydro-3-hydroxy-naphtho[1,2-c]chromen-6-ones possessed greatest toxicity with EC₅₀ values ranging from 0.2 to 2.5 μg ml^?1 against all fungi except A. alternata and P. aphanidermatum.  相似文献   

Histopathological changes in the liver tissue of house mouse and common vole during sarcocytosis     

V Skárková 《Folia parasitologica》1986,33(2):115-122

The asexual reproduction of Sarcocystis dispersa was studied in the liver of the house mouse. Histopathological examinations revealed infection of parenchymal cells with the parasite and diffuse cellular infiltrations with the presence of polymorphonuclear cells, monocytes and eosinophilic leukocytes. The volume and number of cellular infiltrates increased gradually from day 3 till day 10 p.i. Then appeared necrotic foci and both phenomena reached the maximum on days 10-12 p.i. On days 21-34 p.i., no changes occurred in the tissue and the liver healed without scars. The infection of common vole with Sarcocystis cernae sporocysts caused cellular infiltrations in the liver around the portobiliary veins. The parasite was present from day 3 till day 7 p.i. The histopathological picture of liver changes was similar to that in the house mouse.  相似文献