Molecular bacterial characterization and free amino acids composition in Ivorian traditional fermented fish produced by two methods     

Amenan Clémentine Kouakou  Kouadio Florent N’Guessan  No?l Durand  Dadie A. Thomas  Didier Montet  Marcellin Koffi Djè 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(5):1125-1136

The aim of this study was to show and compare the as yet unknown microbiological and biochemical composition of ??adjuevan??, an Ivorian traditional salted fermented fish that is produced by two main processing methods and consumed for its flavor. Method 1 uses the full fish and method 2 uses fish fillets. The pH was around 6 and the major organic acids were acetic and butyric acids in all adjuevan samples. The free amino acid profile varied according to the fermentation method, although the major free amino acids were valine, leucine, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, ranging in concentration from 101.7 to 745.4?mg/100?g, for both methods. Adjuevan produced using method 1 had the best composition of free amino acids. Lactic acid bacteria counts were between 6.0?×?10⁴ and 2.6?×?10⁵?cfu/g for method 1 and 5.9?×?10³ and 2.1?×?10⁴?cfu/g for method 2. Yeasts were detected in all samples. Microbial ecology analysis using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed the presence of more bacterial species than previously reported in fermented fish. Bacterial species varied according to fermentation method. Species such as Staphylococcus xylosus, S. lentus, S. saprophyticus, and Bacillus megaterium were found only in samples produced by method 1, while those of Staphylococcus piscifermentans, Bacillus mycoides, and Corynebacterium xerosis were found only in samples produced by method 2. Using specific primers, we detected several lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Lactobacillus, Pedicoccus, Lactcoccus, Streptococcus, and Leuconostoc species; the composition these bacteria in adjuevan samples varied according to the preparation method, but were not found to be dominant. We conclude that the molecular PCR-DGGE method can be used to differentiate fermentation methods by LAB profile analysis. A mixture of strains of S. xylosus, S. saprophyticus, S. cohnii, and S. piscifermentans were predominant, and LAB such as L. fermentum, L. lactis, L. pseudomesenteroides, L. raffinolactis, L. lactis subsp cremoris could be potentially beneficial for the specific flavor of each type of adjuevan to be selected as possible starter cultures for the development of a starter culture to improve adjuevan nutritional quality.  相似文献   

Transmission of the Pepino mosaic virus by whitefly     

P. Noël  T. Hance  C. Bragard 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(1):23-27

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the transmission of the Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) by the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) from tomato to tomato. In the 1:1 system (in which a single virus-contaminated plant was placed next to a healthy plant in a cage containing 469 whiteflies on average) the virus was transmitted to three out of 10 plants. In the 1:4 system (in which a virus-contaminated plant was surrounded by four healthy plants in a cage with 601 whiteflies on average) the virus was transmitted to five out of 32 plants. In order to investigate the mechanism involved in the transmission, the insect bodies were washed to determine the external presence of viral particles. The results showed that the number of PepMV particles carried on whitefly bodies was low, with an average occurrence of 1.33 on the 55 whiteflies tested after the insects were in contact with infected plants for 5 days. This low occurrence was confirmed by observation under microscope, which showed an absence of PepMV-contaminated tomato sap on the insect bodies, suggesting that PepMV transmission by whiteflies could occur when they feed on the plant.  相似文献   

Urodynamic and haemodynamic effects of a single oral administration of ephedrine or phenylpropanolamine in continent female dogs     

Noël S  Massart L  Hamaide A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(1):89-95

This study investigated the effects of a single oral administration of ephedrine (2 mg/kg) or phenylpropanolamine (PPA) (1.5 mg/kg) on the vesico-urethral and cardiovascular functions in continent female dogs. Urethral pressure profilometry (UPP), arterial blood pressures and heart rate were measured in five control dogs and after single-dose treatment with ephedrine or PPA at T(0), T(2h), T(4h), T(6h), T(12h), T(18h) and T(24h). UPPs were performed under propofol anaesthesia and other measurements were performed on awake dogs. A telemetric urodynamic investigation was performed on three additional dogs for 24 h after the administration of each drug. Urethral pressures increased over 4-6 h and urethral functional lengths increased 2-6h after administration of both drugs. During micturition, a decrease in detrusor pressure coupled with an increase in bladder volume was observed after ephedrine administration and there was also an increase in bladder volume after PPA had been given. With both drugs increased arterial blood pressures at 4-6 h were compensated by a decreased heart rate over 12 h. Urethral function was improved after both ephedrine and PPA, and bladder function also improved during micturition following ephedrine.  相似文献   

Consideration of soil in urban planning documents—a French case study     

Blanchart  Anne  Consalès  Jean Noël  Séré  Geoffroy  Schwartz  Christophe 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(8):3235-3244

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Given their increasing importance, soils should be considered as valuable resources by those involved in urban planning. Indeed, soils are expected to be...  相似文献   

Fracture of L7 vertebral articular facets and pedicles following dorsal laminectomy in a dog     

Moens NM  Runyon CL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(6):807-10, 800

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In vitro development of canine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in different culture media     

Dong-Hoon Kim  Jin-Gu No  Mi-Kyung Choi  Dong-Hyeon Yeom  Dong-Kyo Kim  Byoung-Chul Yang  Jae Gyu Yoo  Min Kyu Kim  Hong-Tea Kim 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(2):233-235

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of three different culture media on the development of canine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Canine cloned embryos were cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid (mSOF), porcine zygote medium-3 (PZM-3), or G1/G2 sequential media. Our results showed that the G1/G2 media yielded significantly higher morula and blastocyst development in canine SCNT embryos (26.1% and 7.8%, respectively) compared to PZM-3 (8.5% and 0%) or mSOF (2.3% and 0%) media. In conclusion, this study suggests that blastocysts can be produced more efficiently using G1/G2 media to culture canine SCNT embryos.  相似文献   

The use of veterinary cuttable plates for carpal and tarsal arthrodesis in small dogs and cats          下载免费PDF全文

Théoret MC  Moens NM 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(2):165-168

The objective of the study was to evaluate, retrospectively, carpal and tarsal arthrodesis in small dogs and cats by using veterinary cuttable plates in 6 animals and comparing those with arthrodesis stabilized with other implants in 9 animals. Veterinary cuttable plates were used for 1 pancarpal, 2 partial tarsal, and 3 pantarsal arthrodeses. Other implants were used to stabilize 1 pancarpal, 6 partial tarsal, and 2 pantarsal arthrodeses. In the veterinary cuttable plates group, complications included 2 cases with pressure sores and 1 case with screw loosening. One animal was lost to follow-up and 4 of the remaining 5 were always weight-bearing. In the other group, there were 2 cases with pressure sores, 1 case with dermatitis, and 2 cases with pin migration. Six out of 9 animals were always weight-bearing. The use of veterinary cuttable plates appears to be a suitable option with a good clinical outcome.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Posidonia oceanica</Emphasis> meadow: a low nutrient high chlorophyll (LNHC) system?     

Sylvie?GobertEmail author  Noémie?Laumont  Jean-Marie?Bouquegneau 《BMC ecology》2002,2(1):9

Background  

In spite of very low nutrient concentrations in its vicinity – both column and pore waters-, the Posidonia oceanica of the Revellata Bay displays high biomass and productivity. We measured the nutrient fluxes from the sediment into the water enclosed among the leaf shoots ("canopy water") to determine if it is possible source of nutrients for P. oceanica leaves.  相似文献   

Effect of methanol/acetone/water extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis on the nutritional value of unheated rapeseed proteins     

Monique Lacroix  Jean Amiot  Foued Cheour  Joël De La Noüe  Gilles Goulet  Germain J. Brisson 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1988,38(4):343-353

The objective of this work was to study the effect of the extraction of phenols by methanol/acetone/water and proteolysis (pepsin 1 hour; trypsin 2 hours) on the nutritional characteristics of unheated rapeseed protein as measured by weight gain, protein intake, net protein ratio, apparent digestibility and absorbed protein. The effect of proteolysis of the methanol/acetone/water extracted rapeseed protein, and the effect of mixing the methanol/acetone/water extract back with the extracted rapeseed protein was also studied. Extraction of phenolic compounds from rapeseed flour significantly improved weight gain, protein intake, net protein ratio and absorbed protein value. However, the mixing of phenolic extract with the extracted rapeseed protein did not appear to have a significant effect.Enzymatic hydrolysis (1 hour with pepsin and 2 hours with trypsin) of the raw material significantly improved the weight gain and protein intake. The combined methanol/acetone/water extraction and protein hydrolysis treatments were beneficial on all nutritional quality parameters of rapeseed protein. These results suggest that the protein-bound phenolic compounds, rather than the free phenolic compounds contribute mainly to the decrease in the nutritional values of proteins associated with phenolic compounds in raw flour before extraction.  相似文献   

优质杂种小麦的选育     

刁雁翎  刘树仁  翟玉洁  王岩  徐秋玲 《中国农业大学学报》1993,(Z3):118-119

作物的杂种优势是普遍存在的。利用小麦杂种优势增加小麦产量、改善小麦品质是本世纪农业科学取得的重大成就之一。随着杂种小麦向农业生产和商品市场的不断推进,人们意识到:只有在优质的基础上高产,杂种小麦才有生存竞争力。  相似文献