Comparative motion analysis of the canine hind limb during gait on force plate and treadmill     

Böddeker J  Drüen S  Nolte I  Wefstaedt P 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2010,123(9-10):431-439

Computer assisted gait analysis allows for the objective examination of ground reaction forces as well as the kinematic analysis of gait. At present it is unclear if there are relevant differences in the gait pattern of the hind limb of dogs during the walk on treadmill and force plate. Thus, aim of this study was the comparison of canine hind limb joint angles and certain kinematic gait cycle parameters like cadence, step and stride time as well as step length during the walk on force plate and treadmill. 19 adult dogs of different breeds were analysed. Extension and flexion of hip, stifle and hock, hip ab- and adduction and range of motion (ROM) were evaluated. Furthermore joint angles at the moment of maximum load were identified. Considering the joint angles and gait cycle parameters there were no significant differences between force plate and treadmill, except for the hip angles, the hock angle at the moment of maximum load as well as for cadence and stride time. Whereas all flexion/extension joint angles, except the maximum hock joint angle, showed a moderate to good correlation, the ROM of the analysed joint angles was in maximum moderate. In summary it could be demonstrated that the gait pattern of the canine hind limb shows similarities on force plate and treadmill. Nevertheless significant differences of certain parameters exist and in total only a fair to moderate correlation of the data between treadmill and force plate could be shown. Therefore the results of this study provide important information for the comparative interpretation of canine gait analysis carried out on force plates and treadmills.  相似文献   

Cytotoxic Drug Residues in Urine of Dogs Receiving Anticancer Chemotherapy     

A. Knobloch  S.A.I. Mohring  N. Eberle  I. Nolte  G. Hamscher  D. Simon 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2010,24(2):384-390

The presence of cytotoxic drug residues in urine of dogs may represent an exposure risk for pet owners and other people as well as a potential environmental contaminant. However, studies on cytotoxic drug residues in excretions of clinical patients are lacking in veterinary oncology. Hypothesis: Variable concentrations of cytotoxic residues are present in urine samples, depending on sampling time and substance. Animals: Client‐owned dogs with lymphoma or mast cell tumors treated with standard chemotherapy protocols. Methods: Urine samples were collected before, directly after, and on days after administration of chemotherapy. Measurement of vincristine, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin residues in canine urine was performed by a quantitative liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method. Results: Median cyclophosphamide residue concentration was 398.2 μg/L directly after treatment (d0) and was below the level of detection on days 1–3 (d1, d2, d3). Median vincristine residue concentration was 53.8 μg/L directly after treatment and was 20.2, 11.4, and 6.6 μg/L on days 1, 2, and 3. Median vinblastine residues were 144.9 (d0), 70.8 (d1), 35.6 (d2), and 18.7 μg/L (d3) with low concentrations detectable for 7 days after treatment. Median urine doxorubicin concentrations were 354.0 (d0), 165.6 (d1), 156.9 (d2), and 158.2 μg/L (d3). Low concentrations of doxorubicin were measurable up to 21 days after administration. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Variable concentrations of chemotherapeutics were measured in urine samples, depending on sampling time point and drug. Findings may inform current chemoprotection guidelines and help minimize exposure risks.  相似文献   

Helical superstructures from charged Poly(styrene)-Poly(isocyanodipeptide) block copolymers     

JJLM Cornelissen  M Fischer  NAJM Sommerdijk  RJM Nolte 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,280(5368):1427-1430

Amphiphilic block copolymers containing a poly(styrene) tail and a charged helical poly(isocyanide) headgroup derived from isocyano-L-alanine-L-alanine and isocyano-L-alanine-L-histidine were prepared. Analogous to low-molecular mass surfactants, these block copolymers self-assembled in aqueous systems to form micelles, vesicles, and bilayer aggregates. The morphology of these aggregates can be controlled by variation of the length of the poly(isocyanide) block, the pH, and the anion-headgroup interactions. The chirality of the macromolecules results in the formation of helical superstructures that have a helical sense opposite to that of the constituent block copolymers. The great variety of morphologies displayed by these block copolymers and the fact that they are easily accessible from poly(styrene) and different types of peptides open new opportunities for applications in the fields of life and materials sciences.  相似文献   

Parasiten der Nonne (Lymantria monacha L.) in Sachsen 1937–1941     

Nolte  H. -W. 《European Journal of Forest Research》1949,68(3):183-188

European Journal of Forest Research -  相似文献   

Die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Spiegelraupen der Nonne (Lymantria monacha L.) gegen Kälte     

Nolte  Hans-Werner 《Journal of pest science》1939,15(1):11-12

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Tolerance and pharmacokinetics of cephalexin in cats after oral administration     

M. Kietzmann  I. Nolte  A. Strothmann-Luerssen  B. Grünau  V. Schärer† 《The Journal of small animal practice》1992,33(11):521-525

The tolerance of cephalexin in 10 cats was studied after oral administration of coated tablets (Cefaseptin; Chassot and Cie AG). Over a period of 21 days, the drug was administered twice daily at doses of 25, 30, 50 and 75 mg/kg body-weight. While the first three dose rates were well tolerated clinically, the highest dose was not. After seven days of treatment, signs of intolerance were salivation, vomiting and diarrhoea. Biochemical and haematological parameters (determined in blood, plasma and urine) were not altered. Plasma and skin concentrations of cephalexin were measured after oral treatment of cats with 25 and 50 mg cephalexin/kg body-weight. After treatment with 25 mg/kg body-weight, a mean elimination plasma half-life of 1–7 hours was calculated. The cephalexin concentration measured in the skin after two hours ranged from 8 to 22 per cent of the plasma level, so it is questionable if sufficiently high skin concentrations for efficacy are achieved with doses of 25 mg/kg body weight.  相似文献   

Diethylcarbamazine-induced cell attachment to microfilariae of Litomosoides carinii--demonstration by scanning electron microscopy--and liberation of lysosomal enzymes by adhering cells     

H Zahner  I Nolte 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1988,35(3):161-168

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The establishment and persistence of food preferences in lambs exposed to selected foods   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D L Nolte  F D Provenza  D F Balph 《Journal of animal science》1990,68(4):998-1002

Our study determined whether lambs' food preferences developed as a result of exposure to specific foods early in life and whether the presence of the mother affected the development of dietary preferences. In the first experiment, lambs were fed wheat (W) and mountain mahogany (MM) (Cercocarpus montanus) from 50 to 110 d of age. After exposure to W and MM, lambs preferred (P less than .05) W when offered with barley (B) but did not prefer (P greater than .05) MM when offered with serviceberry (SB) (Amelanchier alnifolia), probably because lambs were reluctant to eat mountain mahogany during exposure. Persistence was determined by dividing lambs exposed to W or MM into four groups: 1) continued exposure to W (MM); 2) exposure to B (SB); 3) no further exposure; and 4) exposure to W + B (MM +SB). Preferences for wheat persisted (P less than .05) regardless of the second exposure. In the second experiment, lambs were exposed to W (MM) either alone or with their mothers. Persistence was determined after 21 d of exposure to B (SB). Lambs preferred (P less than .05) W and MM whether they were exposed alone or with their mothers. However, preferences persisted longer in lambs exposed with their mothers. Finally, lambs exposed to either SB or MM with their mothers were later allowed to choose between SB or MM. Lambs strongly preferred (P less than .05) the shrub to which they were exposed early in life.  相似文献   

Production, behaviour and fertility of Merino wethers, hemi-castrates with reduced testicular parenchyma and induced cryptorchids     

FM FOSTER  RB JACKSON†  DL HOPKINS‡ 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(8):289-293

Greasy wool production, body weight, behaviour and fertility of male, fine wool Merino sheep were studied from 10 to 21 months of age to assess their suitability for wool production. The males were either castrated (wethers), or were hemi-castrated with a vasectomy and reduction (either partially or in full) of the parenchyma of the retained testicle, or the testicles pushed up into the ingulnal canal and the scrotum shortened (induced cryptorchids). There were significant differences among all groups in body weight, with increases being associated with the larger amounts of testicular tissue present. Fertility was low in the induced cryptorchids at 19 months of age. The hemi-castrates with reduced testicular parenchyma were infertile. The hemi-castrates with reduced testicular parenchyma had significantly heavier greasy fleece weights than the wethers and induced cryptorchids, which had similar fleece weights. The wether group suffered a higher prevalence of posthitis in spring and autumn than the hemi-castrate or induced cryptorchid groups. Those hemi-castrates with the largest amount of testicular parenchyma retained and the induced cryptorchids exhibited masculine behaviour patterns and had an increased incidence of fly strike to the head. The principle of hemi-castration and reduction of the testicular parenchyma is shown to be applicable in wool producing flocks with the potential to increase greasy wool production while minimising the management and marketing limitations previously associated with induced cryptorchids.  相似文献   

Echinococcus granulosus infection of foxes in south-eastern New South Wales     

DL OBENDORF  MJ MATHESON  RCA THOMPSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(4):123-124

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