QTL mapping of net blotch resistance genes in a doubled-haploid population of six-rowed barley   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

ZhengQiang Ma  Nora L.V. Lapitan  Brian Steffenson 《Euphytica》2004,136(3):291-296

Net blotch, caused by Pyrenophora teres f. teres, is a damaging foliar disease of barley worldwide. It is important to identify resistance germplasm and study their genetics. 'Chevron', a six-rowed barley used as a parent for the production of a doubled haploid (DH) population for mapping of Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance, was also found to be resistant to net blotch. To map the resistance genes, the population was evaluated for resistance at the seedling stage in a greenhouse. The resistance data showed a two-peak distribution. Through linkage mapping, one resistance gene, tentatively called Rpt, was located on chromosome 6HS flanked by Xksua3b-Xwg719d, which was also detected by QTL mapping. This QTL explained 64% of the phenotypic variance for the resistance in this DH population. In addition, a minor QTL was found on chromosome 2HS defined by Xcdo786-Xabc156a. 'Chevron' and 'Stander' contributed the resistant alleles of Rpt and the 2HS QTL, respectively. Both QTLs together explained nearly 70% of the phenotypic variance. The markers for these QTLs are useful for marker-assisted selection of net blotch resistance in barley breeding.  相似文献   

Biochemical and Molecular Study of the Influence of Amaranthus hypochondriacus Flour on Serum and Liver Lipids in Rats Treated with Ethanol     

Viviana R. Lucero López  Gabriela S. Razzeto  Nora L. Escudero  M. Sofía Gimenez 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(4):396-402

Hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis are frequent alterations due to alcohol abuse. Amaranth is a pseudocereal with hypolipidemic potential among other nutraceutical actions. Here we study the effect of Amaranthus hypochondriacus (Ah) seeds on serum and liver lipids, and the expression of genes associated to lipid metabolism and liver histology in male Wistar rats intoxicated with ethanol. The animals were divided into four groups; two groups were fed the American Institute of Nutrition 1993 for maintenance diet (AIN-93M), and the other two with AIN-93M containing Ah as protein source. One of each protein group received 20 % ethanol in the drinking water, thus obtaining: CC (control casein), EC (ethanol casein), CAh (control Ah) and EAh (ethanol Ah). When comparing EAh vs. EC, we found a positive effect of Ah on lipids, preventing the increment of serum cholesterol (p?<?0.001), through the higher expression of the LDL receptor (p?<?0.001); and it also decreased free (p?<?0.05) and esterified cholesterol (p?<?0.01) in liver, probably via the reduction of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase expression (p?<?0.001). We also observed that amaranth contributed to the decrease of fat deposits in liver, probably through the decrease in acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (p?<?0.01), glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (p?<?0.01) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (p?<?0.05) expression. The histological study showed a decrease in the fat deposits in the amaranth group when compared to casein; this is consistent with the biochemical and molecular parameters studied in this work. In conclusion, amaranth could be recommended to avoid the alterations in the lipid metabolism induced by alcohol and other harmful agents.  相似文献   

Setting priorities for genomic research     

Berrettini W  Bierut L  Crowley TJ  Cubells JF  Frascella J  Gelernter J  Hewitt JK  Kreek MJ  Lachman H  Leppert M  Li MD  Madden P  Miner C  Pollock JD  Pomerleau O  Rice JP  Rutter JL  Shurtleff D  Swan GE  Tischfield JA  Tsuang M  Uhl GR  Vanyukov M  Volkow ND  Wanke K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5676):1445-7; author reply 1445-7

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Efficacy of chlorine dioxide for disease control on stored potatoes     

Nora L. Olsen  Gale E. Kleinkopf  Lynn K. Woodell 《American Journal of Potato Research》2003,80(6):387-395

The post-harvest application of chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) was evaluated as a disease suppressant for stored potatoes. Chlorine dioxide was prepared by acidifying a buffered sodium chlorite solution with a food grade acid.In vitro studies verified the effectiveness of C1O₂ at low concentrations (ED₅₀ = 2 to 122 ppm) againstErwinia carotovora (soft rot),Fusarium spp. (dry rot) andHelminthosporium solani (silver scurf). Evaluations of tubers inoculated withPhytophthora infestans (late blight) andFusarium spp. or infected withH. solani and then treated with ClO₂ either going into storage or through the humidification system resulted in a lack of disease suppression. Inconsistent performance of C1O₂ in storage appeared to be a result of several contributing factors. Chlorine dioxide concentrations varied greatly (up to six-fold), depending upon the method of activating and diluting sodium chlorite solutions. Chlorine dioxide is a gas soluble in water and, therefore, is easily released from solution (25% –75% loss) into the air when applied as an aqueous spray. Chlorine dioxide reacts quickly with the tuber and associated organic matter, thereby reducing the effectiveness. Applying higher than currently registered rates may be necessary to achieve measurable disease suppression.  相似文献   

Identification of parents suitable for molecular mapping of immunity and resistance genes in solanum species     

Carol A. Ishimaru  Nora L. V. Lapitan  Anne VanBuren  Ann Fenwick  Kristin Pedas 《American Journal of Potato Research》1994,71(8):517-533

A survey of DNA polymorphisms and bacterial ring rot reactions inSolanum species was conducted to identify parents that when crossed would produce an F₁ mapping population useful for identifying DNA markers tightly linked to genes for immunity or resistance to bacterial ring rot.Solanum tuberosum, S. acaule, diploidSolanum species, doubled monoploid lines ofS. phureja, and somatic fusion hybrids betweenS. tuberosum andS. brevidens were established in tissue culture from single true potato seeds or tubers and evaluated for bacterial ring rot reactions in greenhouse studies with root-inoculated tissue cultured plantlets. Establishment of tissue culture stocks insured the availability of homogeneous genetic material for use in bacterial ring rot assays and genetic analyses. Presence ofClavibacter michiganense subsp.sepedonicum was assessed in stems by an immunofluorescence antibody assay (IFAS). Two accessions were found to be immune to bacterial ring rot. DNA polymorphisms were detected within and among 24 accessions evaluated with 24 RFLP markers and 10 arbitrary oligonucleotide primers (RAPDs). These results identify parents suitable for future mapping of gene (s) for immunity or resistance to bacterial ring rot.  相似文献   

Kinetic analysis of 5 sugar probes in dog serum after orogastric administration          下载免费PDF全文

Heriberto Rodríguez  Nora Berghoff  Jan S. Suchodolski  J?rg M. Steiner 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2009,73(3):217-223

The objective of this study was to describe the kinetics of orally administered sugar probes in serum for the assessment of gastrointestinal permeability and intestinal absorptive capacity in dogs. Eight healthy dogs received lactulose (L), rhamnose (R), methylglucose (M), xylose (X), and sucrose (S) by orogastric intubation. Baseline blood samples and subsequently timed blood samples were taken during 24 hours. Sugars were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Statistical analysis was performed using a Friedman test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post test and a Kruskal-Wallis test. Statistical significance was set at a P-value < 0.05. Sugars in serum were detected after orogastric administration. Concentrations of L and R were significantly different from the baseline from 90 to 240 and 60 to 300 min, respectively, and those of X, M, and S were different from 30 to 240 min post-dosing (P < 0.05 for all 5 probes). Maximum concentrations of L and R were obtained at 180 min, while X, M, and S reached their maximum concentrations at 90 min post-dosing. For all sugars, no statistically significant differences were found between concentrations at 90, 120, and 180 min or between the coefficients of variation (CV%) of those mean concentrations for these 3 time points. Based on these data, the collection of 2 blood samples, one taken at baseline and the other obtained between 90 and 180 minutes after dosing, might be sufficient for the determination of gastrointestinal permeability and mucosal absorptive capacity using these 5 sugar probes in canine serum.  相似文献