Consecutive changes in serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme 3 activities in Holstein heifers during the first 18 months of life     

Akiko CHIBA  Kaoru HATATE  Rurika ONOMI  Chiho KAWASHIMA  Masaaki HANADA  Tomoe MORIYAMA  Akira GOTO  Norio YAMAGISHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1643

This study investigated consecutive fluctuations in serum activities of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme 3 (ALP3) in 11 clinically healthy Holstein heifers during the first 18 months of life. ALP3 activities at the first sampling time point after weaning (3 months) were significantly lower than those at multiple time points during the pre-weaning period. Those activities increased from a minimum at 3 months to a peak at 6 months during the post-weaning period. In the anthropometric data, daily body weight and wither height gains appeared to be below the public data at 4 months and 4–5 months, respectively. The data suggested that serum ALP3 activity can be used to monitor skeletal growth of heifers at weaning.  相似文献   

Soft rot of root chicory in Hokkaido and its causal bacteria     

Wei Wei Lan  Yoshie Nishiwaki  Seishi Akino  Norio Kondo 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(3):182-193

In August 2010, bacterial soft rot was found on root chicory (Cichorium intybus var. sativum) in Hokkaido, Japan. Severely infected plants in fields were discolored, had wilted foliage, and black necrosis of petioles near the crown. Wilted leaves subsequently collapsed and died, forming a dry, brown or black rosette. The root and crown became partially or wholly soft-rotted. Slimy masses on infected areas of roots, turned dark brown or black. Gram-negative, rod-shaped, peritrichously flagellated, facultatively anaerobic bacteria were exclusively isolated from rotted roots, and typical symptoms were reproduced after inoculation with the strains. The bacteria were identified as Dickeya dianthicola, Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. odoriferum based on further bacteriological characterization and the sequence analysis of the malate dehydrogenase gene and 16S rRNA gene. These bacteria should be included with the previously reported Dickeya (=Erwinia) chrysanthemi in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, as causal pathogens of bacterial wilt of chicory.  相似文献   

Non-steroidal inhibitors of Drosophila melanogaster steroidogenic glutathione S-transferase Noppera-bo     

Kotaro Koiwai  Kana Morohashi  Kazue Inaba  Kana Ebihara  Hirotatsu Kojima  Takayoshi Okabe  Ryunosuke Yoshino  Takatsugu Hirokawa  Taiki Nampo  Yuuta Fujikawa  Hideshi Inoue  Fumiaki Yumoto  Toshiya Senda  Ryusuke Niwa 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2021,46(1):75

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) can be developed by elucidating the molecular mechanisms of insect-specific biological events. Because insect molting, and metamorphosis are controlled by ecdysteroids, their biosynthetic pathways can serve as targets for IGR development. The glutathione S-transferase Noppera-bo (Nobo), which is conserved in dipteran and lepidopteran species, plays an essential role in ecdysteroid biosynthesis. Our previous study using 17β-estradiol as a molecular probe revealed that Asp113 of Drosophila melanogaster Nobo (DmNobo) is essential for its biological function. However, to develop IGRs with a greater Nobo inhibitory activity than 17β-estradiol, further structural information is warranted. Here, we report five novel non-steroidal DmNobo inhibitors. Analysis of crystal structures of complexes revealed that DmNobo binds these inhibitors in an Asp113-independent manner. Among amino acid residues at the substrate-recognition site, conformation of conserved Phe39 was dynamically altered upon inhibitor binding. Therefore, these inhibitors can serve as seed compounds for IGR development.  相似文献   

Neutralizing Antibody Response in Dogs and Cats Inoculated with Commercial Inactivated Rabies Vaccines     

Rikiya SHIRAISHI  Masaaki NISHIMURA  Ryuji NAKASHIMA  Chiho ENTA  Norio HIRAYAMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(4):605-609

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Development of an SSR marker set for efficient selection for resistance to black spot disease in pear breeding     

Shingo Terakami  Yoshihiko Adachi  Yukie Takeuchi  Norio Takada  Sogo Nishio  Toshihiro Saito  Toshiya Yamamoto 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):240

Black spot disease, which is caused by Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler Japanese pear pathotype, is one of the most harmful diseases in Japanese pear cultivation. Because of the potential harm of fungicides to consumers and the environment, resistant cultivars are desired. In this study, to enable efficient marker-assisted selection in pear breeding, we conducted comprehensive inoculation tests and genotyping with 207 pear cultivars. We identified a marker set (Mdo.chr11.27 and Mdo.chr11.34) suitable for selection for black spot resistance. In most susceptible cultivars, Mdo.chr11.27 amplified a 220-bp band and Mdo.chr11.34 amplified a 259-bp band. The genotype of Mdo.chr11.34 corresponds perfectly to the estimated genotype of Japanese pears susceptible to black spot disease. Using linkage analysis, we identified the positions of the gene for susceptibility to black spot disease in Chinese pear. Mdo.chr11.27 and Mdo.chr11.34 were tightly linked to susceptibility in Chinese pear, and the susceptibility gene was mapped at the top of linkage group 11, similar to that in Japanese pear. This marker set and the accumulation of phenotypic data will enable efficient marker-assisted breeding for black spot resistance in pear breeding.  相似文献   

Detection of QTLs for white-back and basal-white grains caused by high temperature during ripening period in japonica rice     

Takuya Wada  Katsunori Miyahara  Jun-ya Sonoda  Tadashi Tsukaguchi  Masayuki Miyazaki  Masao Tsubone  Tsuyu Ando  Kaworu Ebana  Toshio Yamamoto  Norio Iwasawa  Takayuki Umemoto  Motohiko Kondo  Masahiro Yano 《Breeding Science》2015,65(3):216-225

There is increasing evidence that global warming affects the development of rice. High temperatures during ripening increase the ratio of undesirable chalky grains followed by deteriorating grain appearance quality. In order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling the occurrence of white-back and basal-white chalky grains of brown rice, QTL analysis was performed using recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two strains, ‘Tsukushiroman’ (sensitive to heat stress) and ‘Chikushi 52’ (tolerant of heat stress). The F₇ and F₈ lines were exposed to heat stress during the ripening period in two locations, Fukuoka and Kagoshima, in Japan. QTLs for white-back grains and basal-white grains were detected on chromosomes 1, 3, and 8, and those for basal-white grains were detected on chromosomes 2, 3, and 12. QTLs on chromosome 8 for white-back grains were shared in the plants grown in both locations. Near-isogenic lines (NILs), which harbored a segment from ‘Chikushi 52’ on chromosome 8 with the genetic background of ‘Tsukushiroman’, showed relatively lower ratios of white-back grains than ‘Tsukushiroman’. Therefore, insertion of the ‘Chikushi 52’ genomic region of the QTL on chromosome 8 can improve the quality of rice when it is grown under heat stress conditions.  相似文献   

Chemical Composition of Precipitation in Beijing Area, Northern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zongwei Feng  Yizong Huang  Yanwen Feng  Norio Ogura  Fuzhu Zhang 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,125(1):345-356

Variations of anions (SO₄ ^2-, NO₃ ^-,NO₂ ^-, Cl^- and F^-),cations (K⁺,Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and ⁺) and pH values in precipitation, througfall and stemflow samples collected overa four-year period (1995–1998) in Beijing (two sitesZhongguancun and Mangshan) are presented. The annualvolume-weighted range of pH values were 6.57–7.11 inprecipitation, 5.46–6.86 in thoughfall and 5.32–6.41 instemflow. The fominant anion was , while Ca⁺and NH₄ ⁺ were the main cations in precipitation,throughfall and stemflow. Most of ion concentrations with precipitation, throughfall and stemflow volume showed negative correlation, except for some ones. Significant correlationvalues were also found between ions (SO₄ ^2-,NO₃ ^-, Cl^-, F^-, Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺ andNa⁺) in precipitation, throughfall and stemflow indicatedthe common sources of these ions such as coal combustion,automobile emission and fertilizers application. Compared toprecipitation, there was an increased ion concentration inthroughfall or in stemflow. Changes of ion concentrations werein Quercus liatungensis Koiz. and Pinus tabulaefornisCarr. throughfall (or stemflow) because of different crown andbark qualities of tree species.  相似文献   

Absorption and urinary excretion of quercetin,rutin, and alphaG-rutin,a water soluble flavonoid,in rats     

Shimoi K  Yoshizumi K  Kido T  Usui Y  Yumoto T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(9):2785-2789

Quercetin, rutin, alphaG-rutin (a water soluble flavonoid), and a mixture of rutin and alphaG-rutin were administered to rats by a single gastric intubation, and their absorption and urinary excretion were examined. The plasma and 24 h urinary levels of aglycons (quercetin and tamarixetin/isorhamnetin) were measured by HPLC after deconjugation with beta-glucuronidase/sulfatase treatment. alphaG-rutin was absorbed more rapidly than quercetin or rutin, and the plasma concentrations of quercetin and tamarixetin/isorhamnetin reached the highest peak level 30 min after dosing. Quercetin, rutin, and the mixture of rutin and alphaG-rutin showed the first peak level 8 h, 8 h, and 30 min after dosing, respectively. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for quercetin in rats administered alphaG-rutin was approximately 4.5- and 2-fold higher than those in rats administered quercetin and rutin, respectively, and was almost the same as that in rats administered a mixture of rutin and alphaG-rutin. The highest 24 h urinary excretion was observed in alphaG-rutin-administered rats. These results suggest that alphaG-rutin is absorbed more efficiently than either quercetin or rutin and that a high plasma concentration can be maintained by supplying rutin and alphaG-rutin in combination.  相似文献   

Nitrate Decrease with Isotopic Fractionation In Riverside Sediment Column During Infiltration Experiment     

kouji Tsushima  Shingo Ueda  Hiroyuki Ohno  Norio Ogura  Takao Katase  Kunio Watanabe 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,174(1-4):47-61

This study determined isotopic fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen during denitrification in riparian aquifer sediments by sequential-column experiments at two different water flow rates. The purpose was to discuss the relationships of nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of denitrification, denitrification rate, and infiltrating condition in sediment. Sandy sediment and groundwater were collected from floodplain in the middle reach of the Tama River where nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor for denitrification had been measured in a result of previous field observation. The denitrification rates and the isotopic enrichment factors of nitrate-nitrogen were estimated at 2.1 mgN dry-kg^?1 day^?1 and ?32.9‰ during the low water flow condition, and at 3.5 mgN dry-kg^?1 day^?1 and ?34.1‰ during the high water flow condition. The calculated water flow rates of the present column experiments were 300–400 times higher than that of the field observation. Because of the fast flow rate, nitrate was expected to continuously pass though active denitrifying sites in the small pore spaces of sediment, and nitrate supply to denitrifers by infiltration flow transport greatly exceeded the supply by diffusion. The observed denitrification rates was proportional to Peclet number as the ratio of solute nitrate transport to the diffusion, and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factors during denitrification of our column experiments were lower than those obtained from the field observation. This study showed that denitrification rate and apparent nitrogen isotopic enrichment factor of denitrification in sediment depended on Peclet number.  相似文献   

Relationship between serum leptin concentrations and the marbling scores in Japanese Black Cattle     

Shinichi YONEKURA  Akio OKA  Masanobu NODA  Norio UOZUMI  Tomo YONEZAWA  Kazuo KATOH  Yoshiaki OBARA 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(1):51-57

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between marbling and serum leptin concentrations. First, we compared serum leptin concentrations between Japanese Black cattle and Holstein calves, and found that the mean serum concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Japanese Black cattle (2.67 ± 0.41 ng/mL, n = 13) than in Holstein calves (1.79 ± 0.43 ng/mL, n = 5). We then examined the effects of roughage intake or vitamin A on the serum leptin concentrations in Japanese Black cattle. Although the leptin concentrations for the high roughage group were significantly higher than those for the low roughage group at 4, 7 and 20 months old, there was no significant difference in the carcass characteristics of the two groups. In addition, although there was a significant difference in the marbling score between the high vitamin A group and low vitamin A group, there was no significant difference in serum leptin concentrations between the groups. These results suggest that although serum leptin concentrations were not significantly correlated to the marbling scores they may be related to the genetic advantage for marbling in Japanese Black cattle.  相似文献