Global warming trend of mean tropospheric temperature observed by satellites     

Vinnikov KY  Grody NC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5643):269-272

We have analyzed the global tropospheric temperature for 1978 to 2002 with the use of passive microwave sounding data from the NOAA series of polar orbiters and the Earth Observing System Aqua satellite. To accurately retrieve the climatic trend, we combined the satellite data with an analytic model of temperature that contains three different time scales: a linear trend and functions that define the seasonal and diurnal cycles. Our analysis shows a trend of +0.22 degrees to 0.26 degrees C per 10 years, consistent with the global warming trend derived from surface meteorological stations.  相似文献   

Space reactors and arms control     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,243(4890):476

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Space Program Said to Lack Direction: A report by former astronaut Sally K. Ride criticizes lack of leadership, cautions against moving ahead soon on manned exploration of Mars     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4818):965

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In vivo activation of the p53 pathway by small-molecule antagonists of MDM2     

Vassilev LT  Vu BT  Graves B  Carvajal D  Podlaski F  Filipovic Z  Kong N  Kammlott U  Lukacs C  Klein C  Fotouhi N  Liu EA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5659):844-848

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NOAA Buffeted by Budget Storms     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1982,215(4539):1482-1483

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Agricultural genetics goes to court     

Fox JL  Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4618):1355

A coalition of environmental groups headed by activist Jeremy Rifkin has filed lawsuits to halt experiments that would release genetically engineered organisms into the environment. One suit, filed against the National Institutes of Health on 14 September 1983, would block tests by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley. A second suit, filed 16 September 1983 against Cetus Madison and BioTechnica, seeks to halt field tests that had been approved by NIH's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee. At issue are NIH's role in evaluating the risks of genetic experimentation, and the public's right of access to proprietary information.  相似文献   

Exposure to methylene chloride     

Norman WC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5286):327a

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2010 Visualization Challenge     

Nesbit J  Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6019):847-856

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SDI Test Takes Measure of Potential Targets: The most costly and complex SDI experiment conducted so far gathered basic data on what potential targets might look like to antimissile defenses, but it was marred by malfunctions     

Norman C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,239(4842):860

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Energetics of load carrying in Nepalese porters     

Bastien GJ  Schepens B  Willems PA  Heglund NC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5729):1755

Nepalese porters routinely carry head-supported loads equal to 100 to 200% of their body weight (Mb) for many days up and down steep mountain footpaths at high altitudes. Previous studies have shown that African women carry head-supported loads of up to 60% of their Mb far more economically than army recruits carrying equivalent loads in backpacks. Here we show that Nepalese porters carry heavier loads even more economically than African women. Female Nepalese porters, for example, carry on average loads that are 10% of their Mb heavier than the maximum loads carried by the African women, yet do so at a 25% smaller metabolic cost.  相似文献