Integrated multi-enterprise agricultural system for sustaining livelihood,energy use and resource recycling: a case study from semi-arid tropics of central India     

Palsaniya  D. R.  Kumar  Sunil  Das  M. M.  Kumar  T. Kiran  Kumar  Sunil  Chaudhary  Manoj  Chand  Khem  Rai  S. K.  Ahmed  Akram  Sahay  C. S.  Choudhary  Mukesh 《Agroforestry Systems》2021,95(8):1619-1634

Agroforestry Systems - Integrated farming system (IFS) has been the way of life of agrarian people in semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India and other developing countries. However, there has been losing...  相似文献   

Carcass characteristics,composition, physico-chemical,microbial and sensory quality of emu meat     

B.M. Naveena  A.R. Sen  M. Muthukumar  P.S. Girish  Y. Praveen Kumar  M. Kiran 《British poultry science》2013,54(3):329-336

1. In order to investigate whether emu meat is a potential red meat alternative, this work was carried out with the objective of studying the carcass characteristics, proximate composition, physico-chemical and microbial characteristics and sensory attributes of emu meat.

2. Carcass characteristics clearly indicate that emus are a significant source of lean meat, fat, skin and edible by-products and these findings confirm earlier reports.

3. Proximate composition of emu meat indicated higher protein and ash content and lower fat, total lipids and cholesterol content than meat from other meat animals.

4. The pH, water holding capacity, collagen content and solubility, protein extractability, muscle fibre diameter and Warner–Bratzler shear force values of emu meat are similar to the earlier reports for meats from other food animals.

5. Emu meat is dark, cherry red in colour with significantly higher myoglobin content and the myoglobin is more prone to oxidation as evidenced by higher initial metmyoglobin percentage. The initial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values and free fatty acids percentage in emu meat were higher than those in meats from other species.

6. Sensory evaluation of cooked emu meat curry revealed highly acceptable scores relative to goat meat curry, the most preferred meat in India.

7. The study shows the potential of emu meat as a new source of low fat, quality meat proteins. However, more studies are required to elucidate the effect of age, sex, muscles, pre-slaughter and post-slaughter factors on different carcass and meat quality characteristics.  相似文献   

Effect of long-term balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and FYM application on chemical fraction of DTPA-extractable micronutrients and yields under rice–wheat cropping system in mollisols     

Manoj K. Bhatt  Kiran P. Raverkar  Ramesh Chandra  Navneet Pareek  Rini Labanya  Vineet Kumar  Shikhar Kaushik  Dhananjay K. Singh 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(2):261-273

The imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers under intensive cultivation practices over a period of years leads to various soil-associated problems particularly nutrient availability. Thus, to examine the effect of long-term application of balanced and imbalanced inorganic fertilizer and farm yard manure (FYM) application on the chemical fraction of DTPA-extractable micronutrients under rice–wheat cropping system after 29 years, the observations were recorded from the ongoing field experiment at Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. An application of balanced inorganic fertilizer with FYM in rice, while without FYM in wheat significantly improved the DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu after rice and wheat crops in both the surface and sub-surface soil layers. Lowest DTPA-extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were recorded, in surface and sub-surface soil under rice and wheat crops in control. The highest DTPA-extractable Zn, in both surface and sub-surface layers of rice (3.31, 1.62 mg kg⁻¹, respectively) and wheat (2.96, 0.99 mg kg⁻¹, respectively) was recorded because of application of N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) + FYM in rice and N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) in wheat. However, the DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn and Cu were highest in rice and wheat because of N₁₂₀+P₄₀+K₄₀+FYM and N₁₂₀+P₄₀+K₄₀ application, respectively. The balanced use of inorganic fertilizer with FYM (N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F) + FYM) in rice and without FYM [N₁₈₀+P₈₀+K₄₀+Zn(F)] in wheat supported the highest rice (6.74 t ha⁻¹) and wheat (3.50 t ha⁻¹) grain yields, while lowest in control. Based on the study results, long-term application of FYM at 5 tonnes ha⁻¹ in rice crop sustained the availability of DTPA-extractable cationic micronutrients to rice and wheat in Mollisols.  相似文献   

Psyllium and acrylic acid based polymeric networks synthesized under the influence of γ-radiations for sustained release of fungicide     

Kiran Kumar  B. S. Kaith 《Fibers and Polymers》2010,11(2):147-152

The present study deals with the utilization of psyllium and acrylic acid based hydrogels, synthesized under the influence of γ-radiations, in sustained delivery of copper sulfate, used as a fungicide in agricultural fields. Swelling behavior of the synthesized hydrogel was investigated in distilled water as functions of time, temperature, and pH. It was found that the hydrogel showed maximum of 10,578 % swelling at 25 °C for 24 h. The hydrogel was then checked for its sustained fungicide release behavior. It was observed that the hydrogel has been found to follow Non-Fickian type mechanism for the fungicide release. The ‘n’ and ‘k’ have been found to be 0.71 and 7.61×10⁻³, respectively.  相似文献   

Use of urea coated with natural products to inhibit urea hydrolysis and nitrification in soil   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dharani D. Patra  Usha Kiran  Sukhmal Chand  Mohd. Anwar 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2009,45(6):617-621

Laboratory incubation experiments were conducted with uncoated urea or urea coated with dementholized oil (DMO), pitch (the mint oil discard), terpenes (the products of menthol mint oil), or dicyandiamide (DCD) to study the retardation of urea hydrolysis and nitrification in soil. Two levels (0.5 and 1 %) of coating were tested. Urea was applied at a rate of 200 mg kg⁻¹ of dry weight of soil. The urea hydrolysis and nitrification processes were inhibited by all three natural products. All the three natural products viz., DMO, terpenes, and pitch significantly retarded urease activity of soil.  相似文献   

Effect of humic acid amendment on cadmium bioavailability and accumulation by pak choi (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis L.) to alleviate dietary toxicity risk     

Kiran Yasmin Khan  Barkat Ali  Xiaoqiang Cui  Ying Feng  Petter Joseph Stoffella  Lin Tang 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(10):1431-1442

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil and its movement into food chain through vegetable dietary poses a risk to human health. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of humic acid (HA) and two cultivars of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis L. (pak choi) with differing Cd accumulation abilities on Cd accumulation in different Cd contaminated Ferralsol, Histosol and Luvisol soils. The results showed that HA significantly increased soil pH and cation exchange capacity in Ferralsol (acidic) and Histosol (neutral) soils. HA was more effective in Ferralsol and Histosol soil in reducing bioavailable Cd and its accumulation in both cultivars. Low and high Cd accumulating cultivars combined with HA effectively reduced shoot Cd concentration by 7–34% and 19–35% in Histosol soil, whereas 22–34% and 11–26% in Ferralsol soil, respectively. However, no such reduction was observed for Cd accumulation and bioavailability in Cd-contaminated Luvisol (alkaline) soil. Application of HA enhanced shoot dry biomass in both cultivars grown in Histosol and Ferralsol soils. Therefore, the HA amendment combination with low Cd accumulating cultivars of pak choi could be an effective method for phytostabilization and reduce health risks associated with consuming this vegetable grown in Cd-contaminated acidic and neutral pH soils.  相似文献   

A glycoprotein α‐amylase inhibitor from Withania somnifera differentially inhibits various α‐amylases and affects the growth and development of Tribolium castaneum          下载免费PDF全文

Sainath S Kasar  Kiran R Marathe  Amey J Bhide  Abhijeet P Herwade  Ashok P Giri  Vijay L Maheshwari  Pankaj K Pawar 《Pest management science》2017,73(7):1382-1390

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Impact of leaf damage by defoliators on yield of soybean as a sole crop and as a main crop in intercropping systems     

Kiran Gandhi Bapatla  R. H. Patil  Srujana Yeddula 《国际虫害防治杂志》2018,64(1):51-58

Defoliators are common insect pests of soybean and often cause economic losses. Insecticides are the first option that farmers choose to minimize the damage caused by the defoliators, and the result is not only the emergence of resistance to insecticides in the pests but also environmental pollution. A field experiment carried out at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India, in 2013 and 2014 in the kharif season (June to September) tested nine intercrops in soybean – all grown as rain-fed crops – for their ability to reduce the damage caused by defoliators to soybean leaves and the effect on grain yield of soybean. Of the three species of defoliators, namely Spodoptera litura, Hedylepta indicata, and Diachrysia orichalcea, S. litura was the most severe. Maize and pigeonpea proved the most effective intercrops because of their phenology, repellent chemicals, and physical barriers and also because they were not the natural hosts of the defoliators and did not compete with soybean. In these two crops, the incidence of the defoliators and the extent of damage to soybean leaves were the lowest and the yields were the highest (3.56 t ha^?1 in soybean–maize and 3.25 t ha^?1 in soybean–pigeonpea).  相似文献   

Impacts of Coriaria nepalensis colonization on vegetation structure and regeneration dynamics in a mixed conifer forest of Indian Central Himalaya     

Nidhi Rani Mourya  Kiran Bargali  Surendra Singh Bargali 《林业研究》2019,(1):305-317

This study evaluated impacts of Coriaria nepalensis Wall.colonization on soil characteristics,vegetation structure and composition,regeneration status and expected future compositional changes,biomass and carbon stock in tree species of a mixed conifer forest of Central Himalaya.Three sites(1 ha each in an old landslide area)differing in Coriaria density(low:20 individuals ha^-1;medium:120 indiv.ha^-1;high:190 indiv.ha^-1)were used to enumerate the tree species.A total of 9 tree species and 2830 individuals were recorded from the three study sites that represented a gradient of Coriaria density.Number of species varied from 3 to 7 and the individuals from 690 to 1270 per site with lowest numbers at low Coriaria density and highest at medium Coriaria density.The number of seedlings increased with increasing Coriaria density,and the sites were unique in their seedling composition,indicating marked temporal dynamics.Site wise regeneration analysis showed that regeneration was poor at the site with low Coriaria density and good at the high-density site where many species emerged as seedlings.These results indicate that the ameliorative effects of Coriaria in terms of soil buildup,and accumulation of nutrients and organic matter helped more species to colonize the area.This facilitative ability of Coriaria can be used to restore degraded forest ecosystems of Indian Central Himalaya.  相似文献   

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alkaline soils of hot sub humid eco-region of Middle Gangetic Plains of India     

Manoj Parihar  Amitava Rakshit  Harikesh Bahadur Singh  Kiran Rana 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2019,69(5):386-397

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the salt affected soils of Varanasi district. Saccharum munja Roxb. was predominate among all the vegetation and shown strong AM fungal colonisation. Soil characteristics revealed their neutral to alkali nature and habituated six genera and eight different species of AM fungi i.e. Acaulospora (1), Cetraspora (1), Entrophospora (1), Funneliformis (2- F. geosporum and F. mosseae), Glomus (1), Rhizolglomus (2- R. intraradices and R. fasciculatum) in the rhizosphere of native salt tolerant vegetation. Rhizolglomus fasciculatum was the most widely distributed species under strongly alkaline condition (52.96%) while Funneliformis mosseae was well distributed under slightly (22.99%) to moderately alkaline condition (35.78%). Soil alkalinity was observed to be detrimental for AMF but members of family Glomeraceae registered their presence more frequently (～65%) with higher spore density showing strong adaptation which might be helpful in restoration of moderately to strongly alkaline disturbed eco-region.  相似文献