Severe hyponatraemia in foals: clinical findings,primary diagnosis and outcome          下载免费PDF全文

NM Collins  JE Axon  JB Carrick  CM Russell  JE Palmer 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(6):186-191

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Infestation in the dog by the paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus — 4. Cardiovascular effects     

JE ILKIW  DM TURNER†  AH GOODMAN‡ 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(8):232-235

To determine the extent and significance of changes in heart rate and rhythm noticed previously in dogs paralysed with Ixodes holocyclus, two studies were undertaken. In one the electrocardiogram was recorded at stages throughout the disease and the traces analysed for changes, while in the second a detailed study of the effect of Ixodes holocyclus on the cardiovascular system was undertaken. The electrocardiographic changes were extremely variable between stages and between dogs. Generally, if a dysrhythmia occurred in stages 1, 2 or 3 it tended to be sinus tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia or sinus arrest. In stage 4 sinus arrest, sinus bradycardia, or sinus or ventricular tachycardia were the prominent dysrhythmias, whereas in stage 5 sinus bradycardia predominated. Cardiovascular measurements indicated an increase in peripheral vascular resistance leading to a significant elevation in mean arterial pressure at all stages of the disease. Cardiac output was decreased significantly only at stage 2, although it was below the control measurements at all stages. Pulmonary arterial pressure was significantly elevated at stages 2, 3 and 4 due most probably to an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Myocardial contractility was not significantly changed throughout the disease. The changes observed in the electrocardiogram and the cardiovascular system in stages 1, 2 and 3 are unlikely to be due to hypoxia and could represent dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. During stages 4 and 5 oxygen levels were below normal and the bradycardia seen terminally is almost certainly due to hypoxaemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Lack of effect of tunicamycin on spermatogenesis in rams     

PL STEWART  MV JAGO  JH DUFTY  JE PETERSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(4):289-290

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Chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy in 14 dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

CR BELLENGER  JE MADDISON  GC MACPHERSON  JE ILKIW 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(9):317-320

SUMMARY Ten mate and 4 female dogs with chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy were seen at the Sydney University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the period 1982–88. The most commonly affected breeds were the Shihtzu and Maltese. The mean age was 8.2 yr and the mean body weight 6.5 kg. The most common clinical signs were vomiting, weight loss, polydipsia and depression. Hypokalaemia was present in 11 of 12 dogs examined and hypochloraemia in 10 of 11 dogs examined. Five of the six dogs that had blood gases measured were found to have a metabolic alkalosis. Surgery was performed on 13 dogs; pyloromyotomy 7, pyloroplasty 4, gastroduodenostomy 2. There was a recurrence of symptoms in one pyloromyotomy dog, and fatal ulceration and perforation of the cardia occurred in one pyloroplasty case. The remaining 11 dogs had a mean known symptom-free survival time of 20 mo. This study confirms the preponderance of affected males, identifies electrolyte and blood gas disturbances as significant complications of chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy, and suggests that relatively minor surgery (pyloromyotomy) may have a place in the treatment of a selected subgroup of cases.  相似文献   

Meteoric water in magmas     

Friedman I  Lipman PW  Obradovich JD  Gleason JD  Christiansen RL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1974,184(4141):1069-1072

Oxygen isotope analyses of sanidine phenocrysts from rhyolitic sequences in Nevada, Colorado, and the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field show that delta(18)O decreased in these magmas as a function of time. This decrease in delta(18)O may have been caused by isotopic exchange between the magma and groundwater low in (18)O. For the Yellowstone Plateau rhyolites, 7000 cubic kilometers of magma could decrease in delta(18)O by 2 per mil in 600,000 years by reacting with water equivalent to 3 millimeters of precipitation per year, which is only 0.3 percent of the present annual precipitation in this region. The possibility of reaction between large magmatic bodies and meteoric water at liquidus temperatures has major implications in the possible differentiation history of the magma and in the generation of ore deposits.  相似文献   

Use of Recombinant Canine Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor to Decrease Myelosuppression Associated with the Administration of Mitoxantrone in the Dog     

Gregory K. Ogilvie DVM    Joyce E. Obradovich DVM    Mary F. Cooper DVM    Lisa M. Walters AHT    M.D. Salman BVMS  MPVM  PhD  T.C. Boone PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(1):44-47

Ten dogs were given mitoxantrone at a dose of 5 mg/m2 body surface area intravenously. Recombinant canine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rcG-CSF) was administered subcutaneously daily for 20 days after an infusion of mitoxantrone in five of these dogs to determine the effect of the hematopoietic growth factor on the duration and severity of myelosuppression. The median neutrophil counts dropped below normal (less than 3,000/uL) for 2 days in the dogs that received rcG-CSF, and for 5 days in the dogs that received only mitoxantrone. Four of five dogs not treated with rcG-CSF and none of those receiving rcG-CSF developed serious neutropenia (less than 1,500/uL). The neutrophil counts were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in the rcG-CSF treated dogs at all time points except before the administration of the colony-stimulating factor, and the sixth day after the mitoxantrone was administered. These findings demonstrate that rcG-CSF is capable of reducing the duration and severity of mitoxantrone-induced myelosuppression.  相似文献   

Effects of intravenous lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats     

BH Pypendop  JE Ilkiw 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(4):4-5

Lidocaine has been reported to decrease the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalation anesthetics in several species and has been used clinically to reduce the requirements for other anesthetic drugs. This study examined the effects of intravenous lidocaine on isoflurane MAC in cats. Six cats were studied. In experiment 1, the MAC of isoflurane was determined. An intravenous bolus of lidocaine 2 mg kg^–1 was then administrated and venous plasma lidocaine concentrations measured to determine pharmacokinetic values. In experiment 2, lidocaine was administered to achieve target plasma concentrations between 1 and 11 μg mL^–1 and the MAC of isoflurane was determined in triplicate at each lidocaine plasma concentration, using the tail‐clamp method. End‐tidal isoflurane concentration was determined using a calibrated infrared analyzer. Systolic blood pressure (Doppler), SpO2 and end‐tidal PCO2 (calibrated Raman spectrometer) were measured prior to each MAC determination. Body temperature was maintained between 38.5 and 39.5 °C by supplying external heat as needed. MAC values at the different lidocaine plasma concentrations were analyzed by a repeated measures ANOVA , using the Huynh–Feldt correction. The MAC of isoflurane in these cats was 2.21 ± 0.17. For the target concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 μg mL^–1, the actual lidocaine plasma concentrations was 1.06 ± 0.12, 2.83 ±0.39, 4.93 ± 0.64, 6.86 ± 0.97, 8.86 ± 2.10, and 9.84 ± 1.34 μg mL^–1, respectively. At these target concentrations, the MAC of isoflurane was 2.14 ± 0.14, 1.88 ± 0.18, 1.66 ± 0.16, 1.47 ±0.13, 1.33 ± 0.23, and 1.06 ± 0.19%, respectively. Lidocaine, at target plasma concentrations of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 μg mL^–1, linearly decreased isoflurane MAC by –6 to 6, 7 to 28, 19 to 35, 28 to 45, 29 to 53, and 44 to 59%, respectively. Lidocaine significantly dose‐dependently and linearly decreases the requirements for isoflurane in cats. No ceiling effect was observed within the range of plasma concentrations studied.  相似文献   

Effects of Cryopreservation on Bull Spermatozoa Distribution in Morphometrically Distinct Subpopulations     

J Rubio-Guillén  D González  JJ Garde  MC Esteso  MR Fernández-Santos  JE Rodríguez-Gíl  N Madrid-Bury  A Quintero-Moreno 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(4):354-357

Assisted sperm morphometry analysis (ASMA) was used in this study to determine the effects of cryopreservation on bull spermatozoa distribution in morphometrically distinct subpopulations. Ejaculates were collected from five bulls and were divided. One portion was diluted at 30 degrees C in a skim milk-egg yolk medium, containing glycerol. A microscope slide was prepared from single extended sperm samples prior to freezing. The remainder of each sample was frozen in nitrogen vapours. After thawing, sperm smears were prepared as described above. All slides were air dried and stained with Hemacolor. The sperm-head dimensions for a minimum of 200 sperm heads were analysed from each sample by means of the Sperm-Class Analyser (SCA), and the mean measurements recorded. Our results showed that applying the ASMA technology and multivariate cluster analyses, it was possible to determine that three separate subpopulations of spermatozoa with different morphometric characteristics coexist in bull ejaculates (large, average and small spermatozoa). The mean values of each sperm head dimension among the three subpopulations of spermatozoa were significantly different (p < 0.001). Besides, there were significant (p < 0.001) differences in the distribution of these three sperm subpopulations between fresh and thawed samples. Thus, the percentage of representation of the subpopulation that includes those spermatozoa whose dimensions are the biggest, decreased from 52.06% in extended fresh samples to 15.51% in the thawed ones. Contrarily, the percent of representation of the subpopulation containing the smallest spermatozoa, increased from 8.70% in extended fresh samples to 34.04% in the thawed ones. In conclusion, the present study confirms the heterogeneity of sperm head dimensions in bull semen, heterogeneity that vary through the cryopreservation procedure.  相似文献   

Multivariate Cluster Analysis Regression Procedures as Tools to Identify Motile Sperm Subpopulations in Rabbit Semen and to Predict Semen Fertility and Litter Size   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A Quintero-Moreno  T Rigau  JE Rodríguez-Gil 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(3):312-319

Computerized motility analysis (CASA) shows that four separate subpopulations of spermatozoa with different motility characteristics co-exist in rabbit ejaculates. There were significant (p < 0.01) differences in the distribution of these subpopulations among separate genetic lines, total sperm abnormalities and the percentage of altered acrosomes. Furthermore, logistic and linear multivariate regressions among several parameters of rabbit semen quality analysis were tested for use as predictive tools for the fertilizing ability of a specific artificial insemination semen sample. Logistic regression analysis rendered two mathematical, significant (p < 0.01) models: one between sperm viability and conception rate and the other between total sperm abnormalities and conception rate. Multiple linear regression analyses also yielded some significant relationships between both fertility (p < 0.001) and litter size (p < 0.05), with respect to some semen characteristics. Our results support the hypothesis that the predictive in vivo fertility use of the standard rabbit semen quality analysis coupled with a CASA determination could be reasonably achieved by applying linear and logistic regression analyses among several parameters of rabbit semen quality analysis.  相似文献   

Cooled Storage of Canine Semen: in vitro Effects of Different Concentrations of an Antibiotic Combination on Growth of Mollicutes     

AC Becher  J Spergser  C Aurich  E Zottler  JE Aurich  S Schäfer‐Somi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):961-966

The aim of this study was to examine effects of an antibiotic combination at different concentrations on growth of mycoplasma and ureaplasma during cooled storage of canine semen (n = 20). Semen aliquots were diluted with Tris–citric acid–fructose–egg yolk extender containing either 1.0 g/l streptomycin and 0.6 g/l benzylpenicillin (control) or a combination of gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin and spectinomycin (GTLS‐1: 0.25, 0.05, 0.15 and 0.3; GTLS‐2: 0.5, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6; GTLS‐3: 1.0, 0.2, 0.6 and 1.2 g/l). Samples were assessed for motility and membrane integrity by computer‐assisted sperm analysis immediately after dilution and at 24, 48 and 72 h of cooled storage. Morphologically, normal spermatozoa were determined, and bacterial culture was performed at 24 and 72 h. Mycoplasma spp. were detected in 14 of 20 ejaculates (70%) with severe growth in 12 samples. A reduction but not total elimination of mycoplasma growth occurred in all GTLS extenders with the most pronounced reduction in group GTLS‐3 (control vs GTLS‐1 and GTLS‐2 p < 0.05, control vs GTLS‐3 p < 0.001). Ureaplasmas were detected in four ejaculates, and growth was reduced to the same extent in GTLS and control extender. Progressive motility in all groups, total motility in groups GTLS 1–3 and percentage of membrane‐intact spermatozoa in groups GTLS 2 and 3 decreased slightly (p < 0.05) over time. In conclusion, dilution of canine semen with GTLS extender has no major detrimental effects on spermatozoa during cooled storage. It reduced the growth but did not totally eliminate mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas from cooled‐stored dog semen.  相似文献