Microcirculation in the follicles and corpora lutea of the bovine ovary--a corrosion anatomical study     

H E K?nig  W Amselgruber  I Rüsse 《Tier?rztliche Praxis》1988,16(1):25-31

With the help of a new synthetic material follicles and corpora lutea from the ovaries of 80 cows in different stages of the sexual cycle were examined for modifications of their blood vessel architecture. In the theca externa the main artery which runs towards the follicle, separates into arterioles of which capillaries derive in the theca interna, building a basket-like network around the zona granulosa. After ovulation the follicle wall forms characteristic fields. Capillaries grow into the zona granulosa and thus the folds form the lobular structure of the corpus luteum. Capillaries which rise from the ruptured part of the follicle, spread centripetally and together with lutein cells they build up the not lobulated cupola of the corpus luteum. The regression of the corpus luteum starts around the 16th day of the cycle, beginning at the capillary network of the cupola. A contraction of the vessels and a quick decrease of the volume follow.  相似文献   

Ultrasonography as an aid to controlled breeding in the llama (Lama glama).     

D A Bourke  C L Adam  C E Kyle 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(19):424-428

An ultrasonic linear array scanner with a transrectal probe was used to observe ovarian and uterine changes associated with the reproductive cycle in llamas. 'Waves' of follicular development and regression occurred in unstimulated females, during which the dominant follicle reached a maximum size of 9 to 13 mm; both ovaries were equally active. Ovulation was induced by mating in 80 per cent of cases, and when mating was accompanied by the administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin the ovulation rate increased to 90 per cent and the time to ovulation decreased from two to three days to one to two days. Some spontaneous ovulations occurred. Corpora lutea reached a maximum size of 12 mm (non-pregnant) or 14 mm (pregnant) after seven or 16 days, respectively. The lifespan of the corpus luteum was approximately 11 days in non-pregnant llamas and the regression time was advanced by the administration of prostaglandin or embryo recovery. Pregnancy could be diagnosed as early as 19 days after mating.  相似文献   

Lesions in the pancreas and liver of an oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau (L.), collected from the lower York River, Virginia, USA     

A. THIYAGARAJAH  M. E. BENDER 《Journal of fish diseases》1988,11(4):359-364

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The effects of straw disposal and depth of cultivation on the growth, nutrient uptake and yield of winter wheat on a clay and a silt soil     

D. G. Christian  E. T. G. Bacon 《Soil Use and Management》1991,7(4):217-222

Abstract. Experiments were conducted for one year on two different soil types. On a clay soil straw was either (a) burnt, (b) baled leaving the stubble, or (c) chopped and spread. The soil was tine cultivated to depths of 5, 10 or 15 cm or ploughed to 20 or 30 cm before winter wheat was sown conventionally. In addition, a direct-drilled crop was sown after each straw treatment. On a silt loam soil the direct-drilled, tine cultivated to 15 cm and ploughed to 30 cm treatments following burning or chopping and spreading straw were repeated.
Tine cultivation incorporated less straw than ploughing, decreased plant establishment and early growth but did not decrease yield. Direct-drilling through chopped straw decreased yield on the silt loam but not on the clay soil. Short straw (< 5 cm) was easier to incorporate than longer straw. Ploughing was the most efficient method of straw incorporation because it inverts soil. Early effects on crop growth and nutrient uptake following straw incorporation were transient and associated with large amounts of straw in the seeded layer of soil.  相似文献   

Variations in the concentrations of the immunoglobulins IgG1, IgG2, IgM and IgA in sheep. 2. Changes in the blood of lambs of different breeds and crossbreeds during the course of the rearing period     

F Klobasa  E Werhahn 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1989,102(10):331-337

The sera of 188 lambs from seven breed groups were analyzed for the concentrations of IgG1, IgG2, IgM and IgA by radial immunodiffusion using monospecific antibodies. From each lamb, 14 blood samples were drawn before and 5 samples after weaning. The following results were obtained: 1. Immunoglobulins could not be detected in sera drawn before the first intake of colostrum. 2. In normally suckling lambs, the peak concentrations of maternal immunoglobulins are attained at 0-18 hrs after birth. They can be assessed in a single blood sample drawn between 18 and 24 hrs. 3. The half-life times of maternal immunoglobulin in lamb sera are 11 days for IgG1, 7 days for IgG2, 6 days for IgM and 18 hours for IgA. 4. The absolute peak heights relate to the amounts of colostrum ingested before 12-18 hrs after birth. 5. The decline of maternal immunoglobulins in lamb sera over-laps with the onset of lamb immunoglobulin synthesis. Renewed rises of concentrations are observed for IgG2 after week 2, for IgM after week 3 and for IgG1 after week 7. The concentrations of IgA remain at the low levels characteristic for the serum of grown sheep. 6. The role of immunoglobulin synthesis in suckling lambs is only briefly and to a small extent reduced after weaning.  相似文献   

Effect of a new pelleting process on the level of contamination of poultry mash by Escherichia coli and Salmonella   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R H McCapes  H E Ekperigin  W J Cameron  W L Ritchie  J Slagter  V Stangeland  K V Nagaraja 《Avian diseases》1989,33(1):103-111

The efficacy of a new pelleting process in eliminating naturally occurring Escherichia coli and salmonella from poultry mash was assessed by comparing the microbial load in raw and processed mash. Instead of using steam produced in a boiler, the new process conditioned mash in an Original Vertical Conditioner with steam and other hot gases generated by direct combustion in a Vaporator. E. coli was isolated from 72-100% of samples of raw mash in all trials, and the mean number of colony-forming units of E. coli/g of samples was 6.8 +/- 4.0 X 10(4). Salmonellae (S. senftenberg, S. bredeney, and S. mbandaka) were isolated from 5-10% of samples of raw mash utilized in three of the seven trials. Within limitations of the sampling and analytical tests utilized, the new pelleting process eliminated salmonella from all mash in which the organism was known to be present but eliminated E. coli in only three trials. The process appeared to be 100% effective against both organisms when mash entering the pellet mill from the conditioner had a temperature of 85.7 C and a moisture content of 14.5% and had been retained and treated with steam and hot gases for 4.1 minutes.  相似文献   

Spontaneous regression of bovine cutaneous leukosis     

K Okada  A Yamaguchi  K Ohshima  S Numakunai  H Itoh  Y Seimiya  H Koyama 《Veterinary pathology》1989,26(2):136-143

Biopsies of skin from a 2-year-old heifer with spontaneously regressing dermal leukosis were examined. The heifer was not infected with bovine leukemia virus and was negative for tumor-associated antigens of enzootic bovine lymphosarcoma. By hematological standards for bovine leukemia, the heifer was positive at about 60 days post-occurrence of the disease (POD). At 53 days POD, lymphoblastic neoplastic cells in the dermis reacted with anti-T lymphocyte monoclonal antibody by the avidin biotin peroxidase complex method. The cells had intracytoplasmic clustered dense bodies under electron microscopy. From 53 to 83 days POD, figures of the transepithelial elimination (TE) against neoplastic cells and perivascular infiltration of small lymphocytes were in the dermis. Small lymphocytes reacted with anti-T lymphocyte monoclonal antibody. At necropsy there were no neoplastic lesions; there were flat lymph node-like tissues in the subcutis. Many germinal centers were seen in the lymphatic organs. Blood lymphocytes at 46 days POD were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin-P and concanavalin A. Sera, taken until 75 days POD and at necropsy, showed an inhibitory effect on mitogen-induced blastogenesis of normal bovine lymphocytes. These results suggested the existence of a spontaneous regressive mechanism against neoplastic lesions by TE and tumor immunity.  相似文献   

Characterization of Brucella canis protein antigens and polypeptide antibody responses of infected dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L E Carmichael  J C Joubert  L Jones 《Veterinary microbiology》1989,19(4):373-387

The cytoplasmic protein antigens (CPAg) of Brucella canis were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and analysis of 35S-labeled polypeptides. Approximate molecular weights of the immunoreactive polypeptides were determined by migration patterns of the immunoprecipitated polypeptides after SDS-PAGE or Western immunoblotting of sera collected at various times after experimental infection of dogs. Polypeptides were specifically precipitated by sera of infected dogs, but not from the sera of normal or false-positive (seropositive, non-infected) animals. During the initial month after infection, proteins with molecular weight masses (MW) of approximately 18, 22, 31, 42 and 54 kDa were commonly recognized. A 20-kDa polypeptide was first recognized at 8-10 weeks after infection, but it was detected inconsistently after 6 months. Additional polypeptides detected from 2 to 12 months post-infection had MW of 22, 66-68 and, less regularly, 42, 60, 82, 100 and greater than 200 kDa. The polypeptides most consistently recognized in sera from B. canis-infected dogs had MW of 18, 22 and 68 kDa.  相似文献   

Pharmacologic effects and detection methods of methylated analogs of fentanyl in horses     

T J Weckman  C L Tai  W E Woods  H H Tai  J W Blake  T Tobin 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(4):502-507

Pharmacologic effects of alpha-methylfentanyl and 3-methylfentanyl, analogs of fentanyl, were investigated in mares. The ability of an 125I-labeled fentanyl radioimmunoassay (125I-RIA) to detect these methylated fentanyl analogs in individual and pooled urine samples from horses was evaluated. Also, the ability of 7 fentanyl antibodies to react with fentanyl and fentanyl derivatives (sufentanil, alfentanil, and carfentanil) was investigated. Mares were studied in a locomotor test to determine the amount of stimulation methylated fentanyl analogs might induce. Two mares each were given alpha-methylfentanyl at 1, 2, 4, 8, or 13 micrograms/kg of body weight, IV, or 3-methylfentanyl at 0.4, 0.7, or 1 microgram/kg IV. The cross-reactivity of sufentanil, alfentanil, carfentanil, alpha-methylfentanyl, and 3-methylfentanyl with 7 fentanyl antibodies was studied, using the 125I-RIA. All fentanyl analogs, with the exception of alfentanil, cross-reacted well with a C1 antibody raised to fentanyl. Less satisfactory cross-reactivity was determined with 6 other antibodies raised to fentanyl derivatives. When the C1 antibody was combined with an iodinated analog to fentanyl, good detectability of alpha-methylfentanyl and 3-methylfentanyl, in terms of fentanyl equivalents, was obtained from urine samples of dosed mares. The ability of the 125I-RIA to detect methylated fentanyl analogs in forensic urine samples pooled in groups of up to 20 samples was evaluated. When these methylated analogs were administered to mares in doses that induced measurable locomotor stimulation, the analog's presence was readily detected in individual or pooled samples.  相似文献   

Effect of high temperature and humidity in the periovulatory phase on swine ovarian function     

A Ogasa  H Miyajima  S Iwamura  I Domeki  E Kawakami  T Tsutsui 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(3):627-629

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