Spatial distribution of putative growth factors in the guinea pig placenta and the effects of these factors, plasma, and bile on the growth and chemotaxis of Campylobacter jejuni     

Burrough ER  Wu Z  Sahin O  Zhang Q  Yaeger MJ 《Veterinary pathology》2012,49(3):470-481

The pregnant guinea pig is an effective model for studying abortifacient Campylobacter spp, and previous experiments have demonstrated that C. jejuni IA3902 has a marked predilection for the subplacenta while sparing the placental disc in this species. In the study described here, the growth and chemotaxis of IA3902 and a reference strain (NCTC 11168) are compared in the presence of subplacental and placental factors, as well as bile and plasma, from pregnant and nonpregnant guinea pigs. Both strains grew better in subplacental versus placental disc tissue extracts at 24 hours; however, only IA3902 maintained this enhancement at 48 hours. Histochemistry and lectin histochemistry were used to localize mucin, iron, and l-fucose within the placental unit. Mucin was most abundant in subplacental lacunae, the junctional zone, and visceral yolk sac placenta, while iron was most abundant in the placental disc, and L-fucose-containing surface glycans were limited to the visceral yolk sac placenta. These 3 individual factors, along with progesterone and estradiol, were evaluated for effects on growth and chemotaxis of C. jejuni. Mucin, iron, and L-fucose were growth promoting, while l-fucose was also chemoattractive for both strains. Progesterone, estradiol, and pregnant guinea pig plasma did not affect growth or chemotaxis, and no difference was observed when bile from pregnant and nonpregnant animals was compared. These findings demonstrate the presence of specific factors within the guinea pig placental unit that drive chemotaxis and enhance growth of C. jejuni, shedding light on potential mechanisms underlying the fetoplacental tropism observed with this strain.  相似文献   

Effect of synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite as an alternative phosphorus source on growth and phosphorus nutrition of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plant     

Mehmet Burak Taşkın  Özge Şahin  Havva Taskin  Orhan Atakol  Ali Inal 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(9):1148-1154

Phosphorus (P) is one of the least available mineral nutrients to the plants in calcareous and alkaline soils. In this study, we investigated the synthesis, characterization and use of synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA), P uptake by plants as well as its residual effects. Soluble P source (H₃PO₄) was also included as treatment for comparison. NHA prepared by wet chemical techniques, characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and elemental dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. NHA and H₃PO₄ were applied at a rate of 200 mg kg^?1 to find out their effects on phosphorus nutrition and growth of lettuce on the low and high calcareous soil. In addition to this, residual effects of NHA and H₃PO₄ were also determined for lettuce plants grown after first lettuce plants in the both soil. Dry weights of the first and second lettuce plants grown in low and high calcareous soil were significantly increased by applied phosphorus regardless of the source. NHA seems to be more effective than that of ordinary phosphorus source (H₃PO₄-P) on growth and P concentration of the lettuce plants. The promising results of this study needs to be supported with long term field studies regarding the uptake, translocation and interactions of nano-P with the other elements.  相似文献   

Yield and Heavy Metal Content of Wastewater-Irrigated Cauliflower and Soil Chemical Properties     

Talip Tunc  Ustun Sahin 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(10):1194-1211

A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects on the growth, yield, heavy metal content, and water use of cauliflowers and on the soil chemical properties of irrigation with reclaimed urban wastewaters (filtered, aerated, diluted) by comparing with fresh water under semi-arid climate conditions. Cauliflower curd yield, water use efficiency, and heavy metal contents were found to be the highest in the filtered wastewater application. Cadmium (Cd) content was just over the critical level for human health. Filtered and aerated wastewater applications created higher soil salinity, organic matter, and total nitrogen (N), dipotassium oxide (K₂O), and phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅) contents. Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) contents in the surface soil were also found to be significantly higher. Treated-wastewater irrigation could increase cauliflower yield and water productivity. However, higher heavy metal contaminations under these conditions may increase health risks. Therefore, the diluted wastewater application may be preferred, but it must be utilized while taking human health into account.  相似文献   

日粮锌水平在家禽抗热应激中的作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K.Sahin  N.Sahin  O.Kucuk  A.Hayirli  A.S.Prasad  朱翠 《饲料广角》2010,(7):28-31

热应激会降低家禽的采食量和养分利用率,使得家禽生产性能和生产力下降,从而带来经济损失。热应激还可造成氧化应激,降低家禽体内的抗氧化水平,增加氧化损伤和降低血浆中抗氧化性维生素(如VE、VA和VC)和矿物质(如Zn)的含量。锌在家禽和哺乳动物发挥着非常重要的生物学作用。锌是许多生物酶的必要组成成分,也是许多金属酶的催化成分;锌是机体维持正常免疫功能、骨骼发育和维持机体正常机能所必需的营养物质;锌具有抗氧化作用,参与机体抗氧化系统的组成。本文主要综述了锌在家禽抗热应激中的作用。  相似文献   

How to achieve long-term breast-feeding: factors associated with early discontinuation     

Camurdan AD  Ilhan MN  Beyazova U  Sahin F  Vatandas N  Eminoglu S 《Public health nutrition》2008,11(11):1173-1179

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The effects of dietary protein levels with amino acid supplementation on the growth performance,haematological profile and histology of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) in two different size classes          下载免费PDF全文

Derya Güroy  Onur Karadal  Betül Güroy  Serhan Mantoğlu  Kamil Çelebi  Olcay Şimşek  Orhan Tufan Eroldoğan  Münevver Ayçe Genç  Ercüment Genç 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(12):5751-5764

A 12‐week feeding trial was conducted to estimate the effects of supplemented amino acids (lysine and methionine) with different dietary protein levels on growth, haematology and liver histology in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) at two different sizes: fingerling (15.2 g) and juvenile (44.4 g). Six practical diets were prepared, and three of these practical diets were formulated with 40 (P40), 44 (P44) and 48% (P48) crude protein without supplementation of amino acids. Other three diets having same protein levels were supplemented with lysine and methionine (P40AA, P44AA and P48AA) to bring these amino acids level up to that estimated to be at the least in the 48% protein diet. Final mean weight (FMW) and specific growth rate (SGR) of P48AA in fingerlings were higher than that of 40AA. According to FMW and SGR of juveniles, there was interaction found between dietary protein levels and the supplementation of amino acids. The FMW and SGR of meagre fed P44AA were higher than that of fish fed the other diets, except fish fed the P48. Economic profit index, packed cell volume and haemoglobin for juvenile meagre were significantly improved with the dietary protein level and amino acid supplementation. The liver tissues of the P48 group in both sizes displayed better structure compared with the other groups. In conclusion, dietary crude protein content of practical diets for juvenile meagre could be reduced from 48% to 44% by adding essential amino acids with an enhancement in growth, health and economic profit.  相似文献   

Bio‐economic efficiency of creep supplementation of forage legumes or concentrate in pasture‐based lamb production system          下载免费PDF全文

S. Ates  G. Keles  Y. A. Yigezu  U. Demirci  S. Dogan  S. Isik  M. Sahin 《Grass and Forage Science》2017,72(4):818-832

A 2‐year study in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey compared the performance of pasture‐fed suckling lambs and their dams, set‐stocked on grass‐legume pastures supplemented either with forage legumes or concentrate through a creep grazing/feeding system in a randomized block design. The treatments included continuous pasture grazing + creep grazing alfalfa; continuous pasture grazing + creep grazing birdsfoot trefoil; continuous pasture grazing + creep feeding concentrate (170 g kg^?1 CP; 11.3 ME MJ kg^?1 DM); and continuous grazing without creep feeding (control). In both years, creep feeding/grazing commenced in early June following a 42‐day pasture grazing period (period 1) and continued until mid‐summer for two separate periods of 21 days each (periods 2 and 3). Creep‐supplemented lambs grew faster (p < .001) than those that grazed pasture alone, with no significant difference across all creep supplementation treatments. Across the years, the lambs grew at 223 and 161 g per head day^?1 for creep‐supplemented and control groups respectively. None of the lamb feeding strategies affected the ewe liveweight gains (p > .05). Results from a bio‐economic optimization model, however, showed that supplementing the pasture with birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa in periods 2 and 3, respectively, maximized economic returns with an extra profit of US$88.83 per lamb above those that grazed the pasture alone.  相似文献   

Coalescence and Size Distribution Characteristics of Oil Droplets Attached on Flocs After Coagulation     

Berrin Tansel  Orhan Sevimoglu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,169(1-4):293-302

The coalescence characteristics of oil droplets which are attached on flocs after coagulation is different from coalescence of droplets which are suspended in emulsions. The droplets attached on flocs are stationary and do not collide as those in emulsions. Objectives of this study were to investigate the change in size distribution of oil droplets that were attached on flocs after coagulation. The surface water–oil emulsion was prepared by mixing water, clay and ethyl benzene. Flocculation/coagulation experiments were conducted using standard jar test procedure and a polyelectrolyte. Microscopic images of flocs were taken at different times after the flocculation process and analyzed to characterize the changes in droplet size distribution as a result of coalescence and detachment of droplets from the flocs. Median droplet size increased during the first 40 h after the flocculation process and decreased after 45 h due to detachment of droplets from flocs. The number of droplets that were larger than 90 μm decreased over time. After 46 h, the flocs had very few oil droplets remaining attached and a significant fraction of the flocs settled to the bottom. Although the coalescence rate of oil droplets on flocs was slow, for oil–water separation applications, flocs should be removed from the solution as soon as possible to achieve higher separation efficiency of oil from the emulsion.  相似文献   

Promoting axon regeneration in the adult CNS by modulation of the PTEN/mTOR pathway     

Park KK  Liu K  Hu Y  Smith PD  Wang C  Cai B  Xu B  Connolly L  Kramvis I  Sahin M  He Z 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5903):963-966

The failure of axons to regenerate is a major obstacle for functional recovery after central nervous system (CNS) injury. Removing extracellular inhibitory molecules results in limited axon regeneration in vivo. To test for the role of intrinsic impediments to axon regrowth, we analyzed cell growth control genes using a virus-assisted in vivo conditional knockout approach. Deletion of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), a negative regulator of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, in adult retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) promotes robust axon regeneration after optic nerve injury. In wild-type adult mice, the mTOR activity was suppressed and new protein synthesis was impaired in axotomized RGCs, which may contribute to the regeneration failure. Reactivating this pathway by conditional knockout of tuberous sclerosis complex 1, another negative regulator of the mTOR pathway, also leads to axon regeneration. Thus, our results suggest the manipulation of intrinsic growth control pathways as a therapeutic approach to promote axon regeneration after CNS injury.  相似文献   

Macro anatomical investigations of the cranial cervical ganglion in domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)     

Kabak M  Orhan IO  Haziroglu RM 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2005,34(3):199-202

In this study, the left and right cranial cervical ganglia (ganglion cervicale craniale) of eight young (four male, four female) domestic pigs weighing around 70-80 kg were inspected macro anatomically. The cranial cervical ganglion (CCG) was found cranio-ventrally of the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve, medial of the jugular process extremity, ventral of the atlas, dorsal of the epiglottis base and medial of the common root (CR) established by the internal carotid and occipital arteries. The internal carotid nerve and jugular nerve ramified from the cranial part of CCG. The jugular nerve gave branches that merged with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. Other nerve branches originating from the cranial part of the ganglion reached to the external carotid artery and CR. The internal carotid nerve varied among cadavers in number of branches (two to four). These branches did not travel along the side of the internal carotid artery. The central part of CCG gave thin nerve branches that reached to various anatomical structures including the first and second cervical nerves, wall of the pharynx, accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, external carotid artery and CR. The caudal part of CCG gave nerve branches that merged with the vagus, cranial laryngeal nerves, and common carotid artery. The external carotid nerves, which were two or three in number, also originated from the caudal part of CCG. In conclusion, the nerves ramifying from CCG of the pig varied in number among cadavers. Compared with literature raised in other species, there are also differences in number of nerve branches and course pattern of these nerves.  相似文献