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This paper reviews current knowledge on the trawl fishery for crustaceans on the east coast of South Africa. The shallow water fishery targets penaeid prawns, particularly Penaeus indicus Milne-Edwards, while the deep water fishery targets pink prawns, Haliporoides triarthrus Stebbing, langoustines, Metanephrops mozambicus (Jenkins), and rock lobster, Palinurus delagoae , Barnard. Between 1988 and 1993, annual catches of targeted species averaged about 350 t. There was a total bycatch of about 1700 t per annum, most of which was discarded. Retained bycatch was dominated by the red crab, Chaceon macphersoni , as well as fish and cephalopods. Although trawling effort declined during the period under review, this trend has recently reversed. 相似文献
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PWM Kronen DVM PF Moon-Massat DVM DipACVA JW Ludders DVM DipACVA RD Gleed BVSc MRCVS DVA DipACVA DipECVA TJ Kern DVM DipACVO J Randolph DVM DipACVIM H N Erb DVM MS PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2001,28(3):146-155
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of two insulin doses to maintain an acceptable range of blood glucose concentrations (70–200 mg dL?1) in the peri‐operative period in diabetic dogs. Animals Twenty‐four diabetic dogs with a median weight of 20.6 kg and a median age of 8 years old. Methods The dogs were randomly assigned to receive either 25 or 100% of their normal insulin dose subcutaneously on the morning of surgery. The anesthetic and feeding protocols were standardized. On the day before surgery, venous blood was collected for measurement of β‐hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, hematocrit, total plasma protein and urea nitrogen. On the day of surgery, blood glucose concentrations were measured prior to anesthesia, prior to the start of surgery, 1 and 2 hours after beginning of surgery, 1 hour after extubation, at 16 : 00 hours and at 20 : 00 hours. β‐hydroxybutyrate concentrations were measured at 20 : 00 hours that day. At 08 : 00 hours the following day, β‐hydroxybutyrate and glucose concentrations were measured. The significance of differences between groups was tested with Wilcoxon's two‐tailed rank‐sum test, Chi‐square test and Fisher's exact test. Results There were no differences in insulin treatments, clinical signs, concurrent diseases and most clinicopathological parameters between the two groups of dogs at entry to the study. The 25% dose group had blood glucose values of 296 (102–601) mg dL?1 at 16 : 00 hours and 429 (97–595) mg dL?1 at 20 : 00 hours on the day of surgery. The 100% insulin dose group had lower corresponding values of 130 (55–375) mg dL?1 (p = 0.04) and 185 (51–440) mg dL?1 (p = 0.004). No other differences (p < 0.05) were detected between the two groups. Conclusions The administration of a full dose of insulin is only marginally advantageous for reducing glucose to normal (70–120 mg dL?1) after anesthesia but neither dose consistently induced glycemic values in an acceptable range (70–200 mg dL?1) or normoketonemia. Clinical relevance Blood glucose should be measured immediately before anesthesia and periodically throughout the peri‐operative period in all diabetic dogs because presurgical subcutaneous administration of 25 or 100% of the normal insulin dose resulted in unpredictable blood glucose concentrations. 相似文献
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Intraguild interactions and behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa spp. on maize 
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PF BENNETT FJ ALLAN WG GUILFORD AF JULIAN CG JOHNSTON 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(11):786-789
We report three cases of eosinophilic meningitis in young male Rottweiler type dogs in New Zealand. No cause for the disease was identified. There were variable clinical signs referable to central nervous system dysfunction, and a variable response to treatment. 相似文献
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CJ MORROW † IG BELL† SB WALKER§ PF MARKHAM† BH THORP¶ KG WHITHEAR† 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(4):121-124
This report describes the first isolations of Mycoplasma synoviae from the synovial sheaths and joints of commercial chickens affected with synovitis in Australia. Over 4 years 3 separate outbreaks were investigated in which up to 20% of birds exhibited clinical signs of poor growth and "hot foot" syndrome (swollen inflamed footpads). Once an outbreak occurred, chronic infection of the farm usually ensued. Grossly the hocks and footpads were swollen by a purulent exudate and associated inflammatory changes with histological features of a severe acute synovitis. Seroconversion of the flocks occurred at the time of the development of lesions. M. synoviae specific antibodies were demonstrated by ELISA in the joint fluid of affected birds. It is concluded that the cases described are similar to avian infectious synovitis syndrome caused by M. synoviae previously described overseas. 相似文献
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