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11.
Wood versus fossil fuel as a source of excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere: a preliminary report
If the amounts of wood consumed in deforestation to increase agricultural land and as firewood in underindustrialized countries are added to the amount consumed by the money economies as forest products, the estimates of the net amount of wood removed from the biosphere in this century should be revised upward. The per capita ratio of the weight of carbon from net wood burned to the weight of carbon from fossil fuel burned in this century has been at least 0.1 and may have approached 1.0. 相似文献
12.
Hirsch E Katanaev VL Garlanda C Azzolino O Pirola L Silengo L Sozzani S Mantovani A Altruda F Wymann MP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,287(5455):1049-1053
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity is crucial for leukocyte function, but the roles of the four receptor-activated isoforms are unclear. Mice lacking heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled PI3Kgamma were viable and had fully differentiated neutrophils and macrophages. Chemoattractant-stimulated PI3Kgamma-/- neutrophils did not produce phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, did not activate protein kinase B, and displayed impaired respiratory burst and motility. Peritoneal PI3Kgamma-null macrophages showed a reduced migration toward a wide range of chemotactic stimuli and a severely defective accumulation in a septic peritonitis model. These results demonstrate that PI3Kgamma is a crucial signaling molecule required for macrophage accumulation in inflammation. 相似文献
13.
14.
The expression pattern of TIR8 is conserved among vertebrates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Federica Riva Nadia Polentarutti Giulia Tribbioli Alberto Mantovani Cecilia Garlanda Lauretta Turin 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(1-2):44-49
IL-1R/TLRs play an important role in the inflammatory responses. Their signaling pathway is tightly regulated to keep inflammation under control. The regulation involves both extracellular and intracellular mechanisms. TIR8, also known as SIGIRR (Single Immunoglobulin IL-1R-Related molecule), is an orphan receptor belonging to the IL-1R/TLRs super-family. Recent studies suggest its role in modulating the inflammatory response in the gastrointestinal tract in mice, acting as an IL-1 receptor family antagonist. We identified the sequence and analyzed the expression of TIR8 in a wide panel of organs and tissues in different animals. There was high homology of the cDNA sequence among human, mouse and the domestic species (74–85%). The pattern of expression of this receptor was similar in all the species examined (high levels in kidney and gastrointestinal tract) and similar to the human. These results demonstrate that TIR8 is conserved, in evolutionary terms, both with regard to sequence and pattern of expression, a finding consistent with a key function of this molecule in modulating inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
15.
Steagall PV Mantovani FB Taylor PM Dixon MJ Luna SP 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,182(2):203-209
The dose-related antinociceptive effects of intravenous (IV) buprenorphine were evaluated in cats. Thermal (TT) and mechanical threshold (MT) devices were used for nociceptive stimulation. After baseline threshold recordings, buprenorphine was administered IV (0.01, 0.02 or 0.04 mg/kg; B1, B2 and B4, respectively) in a randomised, blinded and cross-over study. Data were analysed by ANOVA (P < 0.05) using 95% confidence intervals (CI). TT increased 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.2 ± 2.7 °C), 2, 3 and 4 h after B1; 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.1 ± 3.9 °C) and 2 h after B2, and 15, 30, 45 min and 1 (5.4 ± 3.3 °C), 2, 3, 6 and 8 h after B4. MT increased 15 and 45 min after B2 (260 ± 171 mmHg), and 30 (209 ± 116 mmHg) and 45 min and 1 and 2 h after B4. At 45 min, MT values were significantly higher after B2 compared to B1 (P < 0.05). With MT, B2 and B4 produced more antinociception and longer duration of action than B1, respectively. No dose response to thermal stimulation was detected. 相似文献
16.
Edenio Detmann Mrio F. Paulino Hilrio C. Mantovani Sebastio de C. Valadares Filho Cludia B. Sampaio Marjorrie A. de Souza Ísis Lazzarini Kelly S.C. Detmann 《Livestock Science》2009,126(1-3):136-146
This work aimed to parameterize the ruminal degradation of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) from low-quality tropical forage using Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The intake, rumen outflow (L), fractional degradation rate (kd), discrete lag (LAG) and effective degradability (ED) of NDF, and the microbial flow of nitrogenous compounds into the small intestine (Nmic) were assessed in two 5 × 5 Latin square experiments by using five Holstein × Zebu heifers cannulated in the rumen. The experiments were carried out sequentially and the treatments were formed by increasing the level of supplementation with nitrogenous compounds. A low-quality signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) hay was used as roughage. The nitrogen supplement was a mixture of urea, ammonium sulfate and albumin, at the ratios of 4.5:0.5:1.0, respectively. The crude protein contents in the diets ranged from 51.9 to 136.3 g/kg of dry matter. The rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) concentration was used as an independent variable. The NDF intake, L and Nmic showed a quadratic pattern (P < 0.05) as a function of RAN concentration, and the critical points (maximum responses) were observed with 15.17, 16.28, and 14.52 mg of RAN/dL of rumen fluid, respectively. On the other hand, ED and LAG presented a linear-response-plateau (P < 0.05) according to the RAN concentration, with break points close to 8 mg/dL for ED (maximum estimate) and LAG (minimum estimate). The RAN concentrations to optimize NDF degradation and intake were defined as 8 and 15 mg/dL, respectively. This difference between estimates appears to be due to a better adequacy of the metabolizable protein:metabolizable energy ratio in the animal metabolism, which increases the animal intake even after the rumen NDF degradation has been optimized. This observation was supported by Nmic pattern. An adapted Michaelis–Menten model was applied to the data, where RAN was the independent variable and kd the dependent variable. The relationship between these variables was found to be significant by using the Hanes–Woolf plot (P < 0.01). Based on this model, the rate of NDF degradation as a function of RAN concentration indicates that fibre degradation in the rumen could be considered a second order process. In this context, the RAN concentration of 8 mg/dL was assumed as the limit where zero order (below limit) and first order (above limit) reactions become predominant for NDF degradation in the rumen. 相似文献
17.
Denise T. Fantoni Keila K. Ida André M. Gimenes Matheus M. Mantovani Jacqueline R. Castro Geni C.F. Patrício Aline M. Ambrósio Denise A. Otsuki 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):710-718
Objective
To investigate whether pulse pressure variation (PPV) can predict fluid responsiveness in healthy dogs during clinical surgery.Study design
Prospective clinical study.Animals
Thirty-three isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with arterial hypotension during orthopedic surgery.Methods
Fluid challenge with lactated Ringer's solution (15 mL kg?1 in 15 minutes) was administered in mechanically ventilated dogs (tidal volume 10 mL kg?1) with hypotension [mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 65 mmHg]. The volume expansion was considered effective if cardiac output (CO; transesophageal Doppler) increased by ≥ 15%. Cardiopulmonary data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and Spearman coefficient; p < 0.05 was considered significant.Results
Effective volume expansion, mean ± standard deviation 42 ± 4% increase in CO (p < 0.0001) was observed in 76% of the dogs, resulting in a decrease in PPV (p < 0.0001) and increase in MAP (p < 0.0001), central venous pressure (CVP; p = 0.02) and ejection fraction (p < 0.0001) compared with before the fluid challenge. None of these changes occurred when volume expansion resulted in a nonsignificant CO increase of 4 ± 5%. No significant differences were observed in blood gas analysis between responsive and nonresponsive dogs. The increase in CO was correlated with the decrease in PPV (r = ?0.65; p < 0.0001) but absolute values of CO and PPV were not correlated. The PPV performance (ROC curve area: 0.89 ± 0.06, p = 0.0011) was better than that of CVP (ROC curve area: 0.54 ± 0.12) and MAP (ROC curve area: 0.59 ± 0.13) to predict fluid responsiveness. The best cut-off for PPV to distinguish responders and nonresponders was 15% (50% sensitivity and 96% specificity).Conclusions and clinical relevance
In mechanically ventilated, healthy, isoflurane-anesthetized dogs, PPV predicted fluid responsiveness to volume expansion, and MAP and CVP did not show such applicability. 相似文献18.
Survey of Victorian small ruminant herds for mycoplasmas associated with contagious agalactia and molecular characterisation of Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri isolates from one herd 下载免费PDF全文
OM Olaogun A Kanci SR Barber KA Tivendale PF Markham MS Marenda GF Browning 《Australian veterinary journal》2017,95(10):392-400
19.
Liliam Cristina Angelo Antonio Salvio Mangrich Karen Mary Mantovani Sailer Santos dos Santos 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(2):353-359
Purpose
Charcoal is utilized in Brazil for the metallurgical industry. Small size pieces, called charcoal fines, are rejected and sometimes are used to produce energy by burning. This charcoal can be used as soil conditioner to improve retention of metal ions in soil. However, changing the charcoal's surface chemistry via oxidation may increase retention of metal ions.Materials and methods
Two kinds of oxidants were employed, nitric acid and selenium dioxide/hydrogen peroxide. Vanadyl ion (VO2+) and copper ion (Cu2+) were utilized as probe to study the metal ion complexation by the partially oxidized charcoal obtained. FTIR and EPR spectroscopy were used to characterize the materials.Results and discussion
Oxidation with nitric acid increased nitrogen content, while oxidation with SeO2/H2O2 elevated carbon content of treated charcoals. Organic free radicals (OFRs) with the unpaired electron in p orbitals of aromatic structures were confirmed by the EPR g-factors that ranged from 2.0038 to 2.0031. The oxidation with selenium dioxide/hydrogen peroxide formed charcoal with largest quantity of OFR. Loading charcoal with VO2+ and Cu2+ resulted in formation of complexes were oxygen acted as coordination atom. The formed complexes were of axial symmetry. The configurations around the Cu2+ ions were: CUNCu2+ complex (more stable square planar symmetry) and CFNCu2+ complex (less stable distorted tetrahedral configuration). Both complexes had oxygen as coordinating atoms. CFNVO2+ and CFSeVO2+ complexes presented complexation sites of axial symmetry, C4v, with oxygen as coordinating atoms.Conclusions
The oxidative treatment of charcoal with SeO2/H2O2 is more appropriate to produce soil organic conditioner for complexation of metal ions. 相似文献20.
柞蚕品种龄期经过与饲料效率的相关性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选用16个饲料效率表现、化性、体色及龄期经过各异的品种,春秋分别单头室内育,采用干量折地,各20次重复取平均值,统计春养、秋养和春秋养平均全龄经过,5龄经过日数与饲料效率对比分析、绘图展示等,发现:龄期经过都与品种的饲料效率有关,但无论全龄还是5龄经过最长、最短的,饲料效率表现都不好,而处于龄期经过第二高峰,即全龄比平均值长0.84d左右,5龄长0.73d左右,饲料效率表现最佳,这为高饲料效率品种 相似文献