Cardiovascular effects of propofol alone and in combination with ketamine for total intravenous anesthesia in healthy cats     

JE  Ilkiw  PJ Pascoe 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):102-103

This study was designed to compare the cardiovascular effects of equipotent maintenance of anesthetic doses (determined in a previous study) of propofol and propofol/ketamine, administered with and without noxious stimulation. Six healthy adult cats were anesthetized with propofol (loading dose 6.6 mg kg^?1, infusion 0.22 mg kg^?1 minute^?1), and instrumented to allow determination of blood gas and acid–base balance and measurement of blood pressures and cardiac output. The propofol infusion was continued for a further 60 minutes after which measurements were taken prior to and during application of a noxious stimulus. The propofol infusion was decreased to 0.14 mg kg^?1 minute^?1, and ketamine (loading dose 2 mg kg^?1, infusion 23 µg kg minute^?1) was administered. After a further 60 minutes, measurements were again taken prior to and during application of a noxious stimulus. The data were analyzed, using several Repeated Measures anova (first, ketamine/propofol and noxious stimulation were each treated as within‐subject factors; secondly, the levels of these two factors were combined into a single within‐subject factor). Mean arterial pressure, CVP, PAOP, SI, CI, SVRI, PVRI, oxygen delivery index, oxygen consumption index, oxygen utilization ratio, PvO₂, pHa, PaCO₂, bicarbonate concentration, and BD values collected during propofol administration were not changed by addition of ketamine and reduction of propofol concentration or by application of a noxious stimulus under propofol alone. Application of a noxious stimulus under propofol alone did, however, significantly increase HR and PaO₂, and these responses were not blunted by the addition of ketamine. Compared with propofol, administration of ketamine and reduction of propofol concentration significantly increased PAP and venous admixture, and significantly decreased PaO₂. Although application of a noxious stimulus to cats under propofol alone did not significantly change CVP, SI, CI, PVRI, oxygen delivery index, and oxygen consumption index, significant differences were found in these variables between propofol and propofol/ketamine. In conclusion, propofol alone provided cardiopulmonary stability; addition of ketamine did not improve hemodynamics but did decrease oxygenation.  相似文献   

Factors affecting mechanical nociceptive thresholds in healthy sows          下载免费PDF全文

Elena Nalon  Dominiek Maes  Sofie Piepers  Polly Taylor  Miriam MJ van Riet  Geert PJ Janssens  Sam Millet  Frank AM Tuyttens 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(3):343-355

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High‐quality care improves outcome in recumbent dairy cattle          下载免费PDF全文

PJ Poulton  AL Vizard  GA Anderson  MF Pyman 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(6):173-180

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Severe hyponatraemia in foals: clinical findings,primary diagnosis and outcome          下载免费PDF全文

NM Collins  JE Axon  JB Carrick  CM Russell  JE Palmer 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(6):186-191

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Effect of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection on production, reproduction, and health traits in US Holsteins     

Gonda MG  Chang YM  Shook GE  Collins MT  Kirkpatrick BW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2007,80(2-3):103-119

Our objective was to estimate the effect of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection on milk, fat, and protein yield deviations, pregnancy rate, lactation somatic cell score, and projected total months in milk (productive life). A serum ELISA and fecal culture for M. paratuberculosis were performed on 4375 Holsteins in 232 DHIA herds throughout the US. Primarily first through third lactation cows (99% of total) were assayed for infection. Trait information (except productive life) was obtained for the lactation concurrent with disease tests. Productive life was total months in milk through a cow's life, which was projected if a cow was still milking. For most analyses, case definition for M. paratuberculosis infection was defined as either an ELISA S/P ratio>or=0.25 or a positive fecal culture for M. paratuberculosis or both. To determine if diagnostic test affected estimates, case definition was redefined to include only cows with ELISA S/P ratios>or=0.25 or only fecal culture-positive cows. Linear models were used to estimate effect of M. paratuberculosis infection on traits. M. paratuberculosis-infected cows (7.89% of cows) produced 303.9 kg less milk/lactation, 11.46 kg less fat/lactation, and 9.49 kg less protein/lactation (P相似文献   

An investigation of the equine infectious disease threat represented by the presence of donkeys at mixed equestrian events in Ireland     

Sarah Finney  Joseph A. Collins  Vivienne Duggan 《Irish veterinary journal》2015,68(1)

Background

The number of abandoned or otherwise neglected donkeys has significantly increased in Ireland in the recent past. The real or perceived capacity of the donkey to act as a reservoir of equine infectious disease, and thus pose an increased risk of disease transmission to horses and ponies, may be a factor in this increased abandonment and neglect. The authors here report on a field study exploring the infectious disease transmission threat the donkey poses to the general equine industry in Ireland through an examination of biosecurity standards and the views of horse and donkey exhibitors at nine mixed equestrian events in 2014. Quantitative information was gathered via the organising committee (if any) and through an examination of facilities and procedures. Qualitative information was gathered using a semi-structured questionnaire to ascertain the view of exhibitors regarding the keeping of donkeys and any infectious disease transmission risks posed.

Results

At eight of nine events visited there were no entrance controls, no veterinary examinations, no enforcement of legislation regarding equine identification and equine premises registration and no isolation facilities on site for equids. Contact between donkeys and other equids was largely uncontrolled. Exhibitors had travelled from abroad to one event. Exhibitors generally opined that they did not perceive the donkey to represent any additional infectious disease transmission threat above that posed by other equids; there was however a general sense that donkeys were less well regarded for other reasons including nuisance and uselessness.

Conclusions

When biosecurity controls are not in place (or enforced) to actually check passports, verify identification and equine premises registration, mixed equestrian events may unwittingly act as the mechanism of spread of endemic and potentially more seriously exotic equine infectious disease. Donkeys were not generally considered by equine exhibitors at mixed events in Ireland to represent a heightened reservoir of disease or to pose an increased risk of transmission of contagious disease suggesting that other factors should be considered more important when studying the incidence of abandonment and neglect.  相似文献   

Consequences for the bovine embryo of being derived from a spermatozoon subjected to oxidative stress     

KEM Hendricks  PJ Hansen 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(8):307-310

Objective To determine whether oxidative damage of ejaculated frozen–thawed sperm prior to oocyte insemination in vitro affects the competence of the resultant embryo to develop to the blastocyst stage. Method Extended frozen semen from bulls was thawed, subjected to Percoll gradient purification to obtain motile spermatozoa and mixed with medium containing the pro-oxidants menadione or tert-butyl hydroperoxide. After 3 h at 38.5°C, the sperm were washed and used to inseminate oocytes in vitro. Embryo development proceeded until 8 days after insemination. Results Treatment of sperm with 15 or 30 µmol/L menadione reduced the proportions of oocytes that cleaved and those that developed to the blastocyst stage; 30 µmol/L menadione reduced the proportion of cleaved embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage at day 8 after insemination. Oocytes inseminated with sperm treated with 150 or 300 µmol/L tert-butyl hydroperoxide had lower proportions of cleavage and blastocyst development, and the proportion of cleaved embryos becoming blastocysts was also reduced. Conclusion Oxidative damage to ejaculated sperm can compromise the ability of the sperm to cause oocyte cleavage and leads to formation of embryos with reduced competence for development.  相似文献   

Food Safety Concerns Regarding Paratuberculosis     

Michael T. Collins 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2011,27(3):631-636

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Sediment source fingerprinting: benchmarking recent outputs,remaining challenges and emerging themes     

Collins  Adrian L.  Blackwell  Martin  Boeckx  Pascal  Chivers  Charlotte-Anne  Emelko  Monica  Evrard  Olivier  Foster  Ian  Gellis  Allen  Gholami  Hamid  Granger  Steve  Harris  Paul  Horowitz  Arthur J.  Laceby  J. Patrick  Martinez-Carreras  Nuria  Minella  Jean  Mol  Lisa  Nosrati  Kazem  Pulley  Simon  Silins  Uldis  da Silva  Yuri Jacques  Stone  Micheal  Tiecher  Tales  Upadhayay  Hari Ram  Zhang  Yusheng 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(12):4160-4193

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This review of sediment source fingerprinting assesses the current state-of-the-art, remaining challenges and emerging themes. It combines inputs from international...  相似文献   

Alternative characterization of forest fire regimes: incorporating spatial patterns     

Brandon M. Collins  Jens T. Stevens  Jay D. Miller  Scott L. Stephens  Peter M. Brown  Malcolm P. North 《Landscape Ecology》2017,32(8):1543-1552

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