Isolation of turkey rhinotracheitis virus from five-day-old turkeys     

R E Gough  M S Collins  R D Hancock 《The Veterinary record》1988,122(15):370-371

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Blepharoconjunctivitis associated with Staphylococcus aureus in a rabbit     

N J Millichamp  B R Collins 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,189(9):1153-1154

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A review of laboratory techniques and their use in the diagnosis of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo infection in cattle     

CR SMITH  PJ KETTERER†  MR McGOWAN‡  BG CORNEY† 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(9):290-294

SUMMARY This paper reviews the laboratory diagnosis of Leptospira hardjo infection in cattle. Two genotypes of L hardjo, Hardjoprajitno and Hardjobovis, have been identified in cattle, but only Hardjobovis has been isolated in Australia. There are problems with diagnosis and control of bovine leptospirosis. Infection is usually subclinical and the serological titres vary greatly in peak and duration. Leptospires may be excreted in urine for up to 18 months. Low microscopic agglutination test titres may be significant in unvaccinated herds as indicators of endemic infection. Vaccines differ in their composition, and their efficacy is difficult to evaluate. The serological response after vaccination is difficult to differentiate from the response after infection. Pregnant cows that become infected may abort, but this is usually after the serological response has peaked. Therefore, paired serum samples are of little use in diagnosing abortion caused by L hardjo. Fluorescent antibody techniques are more sensitive than dark field microscopy for detection of leptospires in urine and tissue samples. Techniques for culture have improved but are still difficult to perform and take 3 months or longer for results to be known. DNA probes and polymerase chain reaction tests are very sensitive and specific, quick to perform, and can be used on fluid and tissue samples.  相似文献   

Shifting paradigms: the hard road to acceptance of the contagion principle in Australia     

PJ MACWHIRTER 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(7):515-519

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Bronchiolar adenocarcinoma in a cow     

W K Scarratt  D P Sponenberg  T J Collins  C D Thatcher 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1984,185(12):1549-1551

An aged beef cow had a primary lung tumor that was diagnosed postmortem. Clinical signs included inappetence, weight loss, coughing, dyspnea, and reduced lung sounds. Antibiotic treatment was ineffective. The cow was euthanatized. Postmortem examination revealed numerous, firm nodules throughout both lungs. Microscopically, the pulmonary nodules contained neoplastic cells and the diagnosis was bronchiolar adenocarcinoma. A diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasia, although rare, should be considered in an aged cow with similar historical and clinical findings.  相似文献   

Restriction endonuclease analysis of Brucella ovis and other Brucella species   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

M J O'Hara  D M Collins  G W de Lisle 《Veterinary microbiology》1985,10(5):425-429

Brucella ovis DNA was analysed by using 11 different restriction endonucleases. The most clearly resolved DNA fragment patterns were obtained after digestion with the enzyme Hind III. When DNA preparations from 35 strains of B. ovis were digested with this enzyme, the fragment patterns appeared to be identical. The patterns obtained after Hind III digestion of DNA from one strain each of B. abortus, B. canis and B. melitensis were more similar to each other than to the B. ovis pattern.  相似文献   

Breed and species comparison of amino acid transport variation in equine erythrocytes     

D A Fincham  J D Young  D K Mason  E A Collins  D H Snow 《Research in veterinary science》1985,38(3):346-351

The amino acid permeability of red blood cells from Equus caballus (thoroughbred, Arab, shire and pony), E przewalskii (Przewalski's horse), E asinus (donkey and mule) and E burchelli (common or plains zebra) was measured. Individual animals exhibited stable but widely differing rates of L-[U-14C]alanine uptake in the range 5 to 1554 mumol (litre cells)-1 h-1 (0.2 mM extracellular L-alanine, 37 degrees C). Of the thoroughbreds tested, 30 per cent had red blood cells which were essentially impermeable to L-alanine (5 to 10 mumol (litre cells)-1 h-1, giving transport rates similar to those found previously in amino acid transport-deficient sheep erythrocytes. In contrast, only 3 per cent of the ponies tested had red blood cells impermeable to L-alanine. No cases of erythrocyte amino acid transport deficiency were found in the other horse breeds and species tested.  相似文献   

The use of [3H] permethrin to investigate the mechanisms underlying its differential toxicity to adult and larval stages of the sheen blowfly Lucilia sericata     

Russell A. Nicholson  Roger P. Botham  Chrystal Collins 《Pest management science》1983,14(1):57-63

Observations suggest that more than one mechanism is responsible for the increased tolerance to permethrin in the larval stage of Lucilia sericata. While the penetration rate of permethrin was much reduced in larvae, they remained more tolerant than adults when this compound was injected. Following the injection of sublethal amounts of [³H]-(1 RS)-trans-permethrin, a substantial proportion of the dose was accumulated and retained in the larval fat body. In adults, less permethrin was absorbed and retained in the tissues. However, compared to the larvae, detoxication was faster, haemoplasm levels were lower, and substantially more breakdown products were excreted. The injection of sublethal amounts of permethrin into the larva led to severe disruption of sensory function. These findings suggest that an important difference may exist between adults and larvae in either the sensitivity of vital sites within the nervous system, or in the sequence of events which follow nervous system disruption and lead to death.  相似文献   

A study of bovine tuberculosis in domestic animals and wildlife in the MacKenzie Basin and surrounding areas using DNA fingerprinting     

de Lisle GW  Yates GF  Collins DM  MacKenzie RW  Crews KB  Walker R 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1995,43(7):266-271

The MacKenzie Basin, an area of about 5150 km2 in the South Island of New Zealand, was free of bovine tuberculosis prior to 1980. During the next 13 years, the majority of the cattle and deer herds in this area became infected with Mycobacterium bovis. The history of infection in the MacKenzie Basin has all the characteristics of a newly developed region of endemic tuberculosis with a wildlife reservoir of M. bovis. Tuberculous possums and ferrets were found in the MacKenzie Basin and both may have been a source of infection for domestic animals. DNA fingerprinting of 125 isolates of M. bovis from domestic animals and wildlife by restriction endonuclease analysis revealed two major groups of isolates. The same groups were identified using IS6110 as a DNA probe. Restriction endonuclease analysis enabled one group to be subdivided into seven restriction types and the other group into eight types. Mycobacterium bovis isolates with the most common restriction types were present in both domestic animals and wildlife, indicating that infection had spread between these two groups of animals. DNA fingerprinting also revealed that M. bovis was introduced into the MacKenzie Basin from at least two distinct sources. Furthermore, DNA finger-printing was able to identify probable sources of infection.  相似文献   

The effect of topical and injected olive oil on knockdown by DDT,dieldrin, methyl parathion,and dimethoate in Musca domestica     

W.J. Collins  S.B. Hornung  P.F. Federle 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1974,4(2):153-159

Houseflies were pretreated with olive oil by two methods, topical application or injection, then exposed to residues of DDT, dieldrin, methyl parathion, or dimethoate. Knockdown was recorded for normal and pretreated flies. Knockdown rates of pretreated flies were significantly different (generally lower) from normal flies in practically all cases. Protection against knockdown was positively correlated with olive oil-water partition coefficients of the insecticides. The effect of dosage on the degree of protection was investigated with DDT. These data support the possibility that hemolymph distributes insecticides throughout the body in exposed insects.  相似文献